查询词典 design

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

Another work of this paper is to study the continuous design of Test Automation. Common aspects of continuous design include the performance and maintainability of test automation system itself, the independence of test execution, and the analyzability of test result. This paper gives the concrete resolution of above four aspects, and also proposes other aspects need to be considered in continuous design, such as extendibility in future and capability to multi-product and multi-edition.

论文的另外一个工作是对自动化测试系统的可延续性设计进行了研究，从常见的自动化测试体系本身的性能、可维护性，测试执行的独立性以及测试结果的可分析性四个方面对可延续性设计提出了具体的实施方案，另外还提出了自动化测试在未来的可扩充性、对多产品多版本的适应性等可延续性设计需要考虑的问题。

The design consists of circuit design and software design.

其中包括系统的硬件设计和软件设计。

The mechanical property testing shows that the seamless PLLA tubes perform excellent radial strength,which indicates that the mechanical properties of biodegradable stents made of these tubes was supposed to be excellent.PLLA and its composites were first used in preparing seamless tubes as antecedency of laser-cut biodegradable coronary stents in china.Finite element analyses of the biodegradable coronary stent model indicate the explorative design basically meets the requirement of reasonable and applicable stents.There is not such kind of research yet in domestic.Optimum laser-cuttting parameters of CO2 laser was cauculated based on experiential formula,within it,biodegradable coronary stents,especially those with complex structure would be manufacutured from seamless tubes quickly by laser microprocessing with high consistency to the design model.The processing efficiency of the CO2 laser demonstrated in experiential formula by us will play an important guiding role in manufacturing biodegradable stents by laser-processing.Our stents that ascribed to laser-cutted,slotted tube stent are proved to be biodegradable, self-expandable and good biocompatible,basically reach the international level on the aspest of manufacturing procedures and design.

研究结果表明：壳聚糖改性材料综合性能优于纯PLLA，更适合于作为可降解冠脉支架的原材料；自主设计的探索性自膨胀管状闭环型可降解冠脉支架的性能符合冠脉设计要求，设计、验证生物可降解冠脉支架模型的研究在国内还未见报道；制备的改性PLLA无缝管的力学性能优越，可通过激光切割获得冠脉支架，这是国内首次采用聚乳酸材料来制备通过激光加工出可降解冠脉支架的无缝管；二氧化碳激光器加工精度能达到加工要求，加工出来的血管支架名义设计与实测值误差小，实现了冠脉支架、尤其是带有复杂外观设计冠脉支架的快速化、规范化加工，对二氧化碳激光器加工聚乳酸材料的效果研究在国内外属于首创，获得的经验公式对日后的深入研究有重要的指导意义；制备的支架为激光切割管状闭环型冠脉支架，支架外观设计、支架加工手段、支架的性能都基本接近国际水平，支架样品符合设计的理念，可以实现自膨胀功能。

The method of the system software design is given,including the device diver design and application program design.

并给出系统软件的设计方法，包括设备驱动程序设计和应用程序设计。

Based on the idea of "human-centered, personalized-design ", the company's design style shows "people oriented, natural primary" in design, furnishing and ornament, which include the modes of European village, Spanish, Italy, Santa Polo, as well as all kinds of floriculture, fine fabric, iron works, ceramic handicraft and sculpture in Southeast Asian, Indian, Chinese archaize and modern style.

公司以"人性化、个性化"为理念，在设计、陈设、配饰等方面均体现"以人为本、源于自然"的设计风格。目前，公司的设计涵盖了欧式乡村、西班牙、意大利、圣大保罗以及东南亚、印巴、中式仿古、现代等风格的各式摆件、花艺、布艺、铁艺、陶艺以及雕塑等。

The design includes architectural design and structural design of two parts.

该设计包括建筑设计和结构设计两部分。

This design mainly includes the architectural design and structural design.

本设计主要包括建筑设计和结构设计两部分。

Ensure the design argument, institute layout principle, bring forward harmonious overall design, and then make an integrative particular design.

确定规划设计思想，制定规划设计原则，在以尊重和谐为前提的总体规划的指导下，进行尊重个性的重点地段的详细规划，并进行与建筑物一体化的具体设计。

In this paper, a cooperative design approach in a multi-agent design system is introduced and a form of Bulletin Board that supports dynamic task assignation and a kind of conciliatory approach when conflict occurs in design are presented.

介绍了一种多Agent设计系统中的协作方法，提出了支持动态任务分配的公告板机制以及设计过程中的冲突协调方法。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。