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Aiming at credit risk of loan portfolios in banks, this paper proposes a surplus process of a loan portfolio, and establishes a ruin model with finite and discrete time. Using this model, we derive the ruin probabilities and their recursive equations for the class with single loan amount and the class with multiple loan amounts.

摘 要：本文针对银行贷款组合中的信用风险，提出了贷款组合的盈余过程，得到了有限离散时间下的一个破产模型；并且利用该破产模型推导出单一贷款额结构和多个贷款额结构下的破产概率及其递归公式。

Reiters derive their name from the German word reiter, meaning horseman.

黑衫骑士得名於德语Reiter，意为「骑者」。

The primary application of rectifiers is to derive DC power from an AC supply.

整流器的主应用程式是从一个交流电源直流电源。

Third, it is important to derive from the observations irrefutable evidence that the earliest phases in the evolution of protostars do occur

第三个重要任务是要由观测得到不可辩驳的证据来证明原恒星演化中的一些最早期现象确实能发生。

We use this information to derive informative positional priors that we incorporate into a motif finding algorithm.

我们使用这个信息以获得信息位点的事前机率，我们把这个机率加到了一个motif发现算法中。

Offset printing proof was taken as simulated proof to create standard ICC profiles,derive the color gamut mapping between printing system and digital proof system,and feedback to the digital proof system for correction. Gamut matching and verification was carried out over again to ensure the consistency between printing and digital proof.

以胶印印刷样张为仿真打样对象，建立标准ICC Profile文件，推导了印刷系统与数码打样系统之间的色域映射关系，并反馈到数码打样系统中进行修正，重新进行色域匹配和二次验证，确保了印刷样张与数码样张的一致性。

The text uses the quantity theory of money as a simple way to derive the AD-curve.

该文利用数量化理论的金钱作为一个简单的方式来获取专案曲线。

The thermal and quasi-material surface definition of the tropopause are applied in order to derive the height separating the troposphere to the stratosphere.

使用了两种对流层顶的定义来区分对流层和平流层：热力学对流层顶和准物质面对流层顶。

Two types of coupling vibration problems are considered in thispaper,i.e.those of spherical shells coupling with fluid and ehstic mediumIn particular,for elastic medium,we adopt the basic assumptionsemployed in the Pasternak model of elastic foundation and include theeffect of the foundation's thickness,however,to re-derive the relationshipbetween the pressure and deformation by the principal of minimumpotential energy.

文中考虑了两类耦合振动问题，即球壳与流体和球壳与弹性介质的耦合振动。特别对于弹性介质，采用工程上常用的Pasternak假设但考虑了简化模型中弹性层厚度的影响，利用能量方法重新推导了该模型的压力——变形关系。

The aim of this study is to derive a well-performed image color difference metric, which can accurately simulates the sensitivity function of human vision system, to determine the perceived color reproduction error of complex color images.

在现行跨媒体复制系统中，若应用CIELAB于复杂彩色影像的评估，则因其未考量影像中各色点与周遭色彩之间相互影响的因素，将导致转换后的影像色彩外貌，无法与人眼的感觉相吻合。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。