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Most conventional methods for the extraction of substrate network were based on the use of frequency behavior of Y22 + Y21. However, we found that the feedback signal through the internal circuit elements makes the conductance of the substrate network underestimated while makes the susceptance of the substrate network overestimated. If conventional methods are directly performed on large area SiGe HBTs, a negative effective substrate resistance will be extracted. In the first part of the thesis, a new extraction method for the substrate network parameters of SiGe HBTs is proposed. When extracting the substrate network parameters, the feedback signal through internal circuit elements is considered. All the circuit elements of substrate network are extracted from Ysub instead of Y22 + Y21. The extracted substrate network parameters show a different bias dependence as compared to the conventional methods. By using a simple n+-p junction, we successfully explained the extracted bias dependent substrate network parameters. We developed a series linear regression equation to extracted the intrinsic circuit elements from the ABCD parameters. Compared with the conventional methods which extracted the circuit elements from Y-parameters or Z-parameters, the proposed method is much simple and easy to implement in the computer programs.

传统方法在萃取基板网路参数时，常常由所量得的Y22 + Y21来著手，但我们的研究发现，利用Y22 + Y21的频率关系来萃取基板参数时，基板网路的电导会被低估而基板网路的电纳则会被高估，另外传统基板网路参数萃取方法在萃取大尺寸元件基板网路参数时会得到负值基板等效电阻，以上的非理想效应皆因忽略部份信号会经由本质参数对基板网路做回授的影响，因此本论文中提出一个新的基板网路参数萃取方法，在萃取基板网路参数时考虑了由本质参数所回授的信号，并且由Ysub而非Y22 + Y21萃取基板等效电阻、基板等效电容及基板与集极空乏电容，成功的解决上述的一些非理想效应，所得到的基板网路参数与集极偏压的关系与传统方法所得的趋势相异，经由一个简单的模型成功的解释了所萃取得到的基板网路参数与偏压的关系，在萃取本质参数时，我们舍弃传统萃取方法中常用的Y参数或Z参数萃取方程式，而改用ABCD参数，并提出一系列的线性回归方程式，萃取所有的本质参数，与传统方法比较起来，比较简单而且容易建立在使用者的参数萃取软体中。

Result At 5 and 25 mgkg^(-1), the total respiratory rate had a similar trend with tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway, T1, and T2 were higher than the control on the 1st day and then declined three days late but they had a recover on the last day. Embden-Meyer-hot-Parnas pathway had a declined trend forever. The respiratory rate of the total and three pathways were decreased under 125 mgkg^(-1). The enzyme activity of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and malate dehydrogenase were similar to relative respiratory pathway.

测定期内，5mgkg^(-1)土、25mgkg^(-1)土浓度处理使基础呼吸速率和三羧酸循环、磷酸戊糖途径的呼吸速率均表现初期上升随后（第3天）下降但末期有所恢复的趋势，而糖酵解途径的呼吸速率则持续下降在末期小幅回升；125mgkg^(-1)土浓度处理后基础呼吸速率及3条途径呼吸速率均呈下降趋势；磷酸果糖激酶、苹果酸脱氢酶和葡萄糖－6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)活性变化趋势分别与其对应途径呼吸速率变化相似。

Therefore, this paper set up a mechanism based on path-dependent change and economic growth model and based on the time-series data of China 1952 to 2006 to empirical research.

所以，本文在建立一个基于路径依赖的制度变迁与经济增长的模型基础上使用中国52年到06年的时间序列数据来实证研究。

In this investigation, TP could inhibit the ATPase's activity of P-gp in dose-dependent manner, indicating that TP exerted their modulation effect on MDR through inhibiting the ATPase activity of P-gp, and consequently interdicting the pumping function of P-gp on anti-cancer drug.

研究发现TP剂量依赖性的抑制ATPase活性，说明TP可以通过抑制P-gp糖蛋白的ATP酶活性的方式阻断P-gp糖蛋白对抗癌药物的溢出作用从而发挥其逆转MDR的作用。

Eventually, awareness of how dependent they are on the group and gratitude for the smallest attention contributes to an increasing sense of shame and degradation on the part of the members, who begin to abuse themselves with "litanies of self-blame," i.e., No matter what they do to me, I deserve it, as sinful and wretched as I am.

最后，对团体依赖的体认和微小注意的感激，导致羞耻感的增加和团体内地位的降低，成员开始念「我活该咒」自虐，「不论他们如何对我，像我这样有罪及恶劣的人，我活该。

It was shown that the state-dependent critical state model was capable of simulating the effect of the initial state on strain localization, especially the effect of the initial effective confining pressure on the inclination angle of shear bands.

分析结果表明：基于材料状态相关的砂土临界状态模型能够合理地描述材料初始状态对砂土变形局部化的影响，尤其是初始有效围压对剪破角的影响。

The removal of arsenic from solution has relied mostly on precipitation and adsorption processes and it has been considered that arsenic is the oxidation state that leads to the most effective removal by precipitation since the simple metal arsenates generally have lower solubility than the arsenites, and also arsenate is more strongly adsorbed on certain substrates, but this is pH dependent.

从溶液中去除砷主要依赖沉淀和吸附过程，并且要考虑+5价砷是氧化态，会导致通过沉淀最有效去除砷，因为简单的金属砷酸盐比亚砷酸盐一般有更低的溶解度，并且砷酸盐在特定情况下有更强的吸附能力，但是这取决于 pH 值。

In order to deeply reveal the smoothing mechanism of roller burnishing and to overcome the difficulty in the selection of the burnishing cross feed dependent mainly upon experiences and hand feel, the roller burnishing process is taken as an issue of plane-strain mechanics and the micro-plastic deformation area is determined on the basis of the Von-Mises yield criterion and by using the Boussinesq-Flamant solution. Then, the contact pressure distribution is obtained based on the Hertz contact theory, and the stress distributions in the burnishing tool and the workpiece are respectively revealed.

为深入了解滚柱滚压表面光整机理，解决目前滚压量选择完全凭经验和手感的不足，将滚柱滚压加工过程视为平面应变力学情形，利用Boussinesq-Flamant问题的求解并根据Von-Mises屈服准则得出了滚压局部发生微塑性变形的区域，根据Hertz接触理论得出了滚压接触压力分布及滚压过程中工件和工具的应力分布。

Based on the mechanics peculiarity of preflexed beam, a whole process analytical method of time dependent factors include concrete creep, shrinkage and steel relaxation based on strain theory is proposed in this paper.

本文根据预弯组合梁的受力特点，建立了以应变理论为基础的综合考虑混凝土收缩、变以及钢梁的松弛等时效因素的全过程时效分析方法。

The study results of the thesis imply that the sandwich beam structural model, the viscoplastic model and the time-dependent damage model utilized have high numerical efficiency, and can meet the requirement for the real-time ability, while the model of continuous damage rate developed is potential to on-line application. Additionally, the fuzzy damage-mitigating controller has very well damage-mitigating effect, and may be suitable for on-line applications of service lifetime prediction and damage control for the LRE.

本文研究结果表明，本文所采用的夹芯梁结构模型、粘塑性模型和损伤模型具有较高的数值计算效率，可以满足实时性的要求；连续形式的损伤模型，满足在线应用的要求；设计的模糊损伤控制器能够起到比较好的减损效果，有望应用于实时在线减损控制。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。