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With the basal stem of short spike L.brevitaba and its coterminous stolon, clonal ramet taken from grasslands which were non-degraded, light-degraded, moderate-degraded and heavy-degraded as the materials, the differences of stolon number and its length and the dry weight per unit of length of short spike L.brevitaba stolon from different degraded grassland were studied.

方法］以未退化、轻度退化、中度退化、重度退化草地上挖取的短穗兔耳草基茎及与其相连的匍匐茎和无性系分株为材料，研究不同退化草地上短穗兔耳草匍匐茎的数量、长度和单位长度匍匐茎干重的差异。

C. I. Reactive blue KN-R, Alizarin brilliant green G and Hostlam blue R could not be degraded by Zoogloea HP3. Furthermore, ABAS degradation was regressed under the exisitence of the above dyes. 1-Aminoanthraquinone-2sulfonic sodium, 1, 4-dihydroxylanthraquinone-2-sulfonic sodium, 1, 4, 5, 8tetrahydroxylanthraquinone, anthraquinone, aniline, phenol, catechol and ophthalic acid could be degraded by Zoogloea HP3. Aniline was the most degradable substrate among ABAS, aniline, phenol, catechol and o-phthalic acid. However, benzenesulfonic sodium and p-amino benzenesulfonic sodium were not degraded by it.

动胶菌HP3不能降解活性艳蓝KN-R、弱酸性绿GS及毛用活性蓝HW-R等蒽醌型染料，且染料的存在对菌体降解溴胺酸有不同程度的抑制作用；动胶菌HP3可以降解1-氨基蒽醌-2-磺酸钠、1，4-二羟基蒽醌-2-磺酸钠、1，4，5，8-四羟基蒽醌、蒽醌及苯酚、邻苯二酚、苯胺、邻苯二甲酸等苯系化合物，而不降解苯磺酸钠、对氨基苯磺酸钠；在溴胺酸、苯酚、邻苯二酚、苯胺、邻苯二甲酸中，苯胺是动胶菌HP3的天然底物。

CO2 emission rate higher in the heavily degraded alpine meadow than in the moderately degraded alpine meadow during the plant growing seasons.Ruderal is the dominant species and poison grass is secondary in heavily degraded meadow and Grass or Cyperaceae is only a few.

不同退化程度原状草地CO2通量季节变化五种原状草地CO2释放速率具有明显的季节动态，其变化趋势基本一致，且均表现为正排放。

Their half lives were 27.29 and 69.16 days respectively. Monocrotophos degraded into both methanol extractable and unextractable residues in the submerged soil.The analysis of 14C-methanol extractable. residue by TLC and ARG indicated that degraded products of monocrotophos were triether phosphate,;N-de-methyl Azodrin, O, O-dimethyl-vinyl-phosphatc,O-demethyl Azodrin,and O, C-demethyl Azodrin.The principal degraded extratable product of monocrotophos was triether phosphate, which incresed from 5% of the parent solution of monocrotophos to a range of 28-83%, furthermore and its degradation process was much faster in the unterilized soil than in the sterilized soil.

久效磷在淹水土壤中降解为甲醇可抽提态和不可抽提态残留物，对甲醇可抽提态残留物经TLC和红外光谱分析表明，其降解物为磷酸三酯、N-去甲基久效磷、O，O-二甲基乙烯基磷酸酯，0-去甲基久效磷，以及O，C-去甲基久效磷，但主要为磷酸三酯，其含量由母液中的5％增加到28—83％，这种降解过程，在未灭菌土壤中比在灭菌土壤中快。

Result The degradation speeds of poison-to-death barnyard grass, dichlorvos and methyl parathion in CW were rapid, and they degraded over 50% in 24 h and about 90% in 72 h. The degradation speeds of poison-to-death barnyard grass, dichlorvos and methyl parathion in LC and DW were more rapid than that of others, but slower than that of them in CW. In DW, except the degradation rate of poison-to-death barnyard grass was over 50% in 72 h, the degradation speeds of other pesticides were all slow, the fenvalerate nearly was not degraded.

结果］CW条件下毒死稗、敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷降解速度较快，24 h降解50%以上，72 h降解90%左右；LC和DW条件下毒死稗、敌敌畏、甲基对硫磷的降解速度较其他几种农药快，但较在CW条件下降解慢；DW条件下除毒死稗72 h降解率超过50%外，其他几种农药降解较慢，氰戊菊酯几乎没有降解。

Most of DDT degraded to DDE in river and degraded to DDD in sea water.

丰水期河水中DDT的降解产物主要为DDE，而海水中DDT的降解产物主要为DDD。

Using the approach,the optimization parameters in the normalized incomplete Beta function of degraded images can be automatically found out.Then accurate illation of the type of original degraded images can be got.

使用此方法可以自动地找出降质图像归一化的非完全β函数的最优参数值，对原始图像降质类型进行正确的推理。

Filter paper and lindane can be degraded effectively by the complex microbial system during pH 7~9 which also was the optimum condition of cellulose degrading, and in the condition of pH 10, lindane was degraded 49.62%, much more than that of cellulose.

在纤维素降解最佳的pH值7～9范围内，也同样有利于林丹的降解，而在纤维素降解较少的pH值为10的条件下，林丹的降解率高达49.6％。

A clone from each genotype was randomly selected as representative for sequencing. The obtained 16S rDNA gene sequences had a similarity of 87%-100% with those in the GenBank (www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov), and more than half of them had a similarity lower than 97%, being of new species. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the bacteria in the two soils were classified into 10 groups, with 5 groups in common. The dominant bacterial groups in the two soils differed obviously. In primeval forest soil, the dominant group was Proteobacteria, which had 39 genotypes, occupying 58.0% of all the clones; while in the soil of degraded ecosystem the dominant groups were Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria, which had 19 and 15 genotypes occupying 32.5% and 30.5% of all the clones, respectively. In the soil of degraded ecosystem, Proteobacteria group decreased while Acidobacteria group increased markedly, compared with those in primeval forest soil.

从每种基因型中随机选择一个克隆子作为代表进行测序分析，所有序列与GenBank数据库中序列的同源性为87%~100%，且两样地中均有超过一半的基因型序列与数据库中已知序列同源性低于97%，属于分类在"种"地位上的新发现细菌；通过系统发育研究将两样地的细菌分为10大类群，两样地共同拥有5大类群，但两样地的细菌优势类群明显不同，原生土壤为Proteobacteria，含39种基因型，占总克隆子数的58.0%，退化生态系统土壤为Acidobacteria和Proteobacteria，分别含19种和15种基因型，占总克隆子数的32.5%和30.5%；与原生土壤细菌类群相比，退化生态系统土壤Proteobacteria类群明显减少，Acidobacteria类群明显增加。

The region in the altitude f rom 4400 to 4600 meters , which is mainly covered by alpine meadow and alpine swamp meadow , is st rongly degraded by the stock raising with it s influence radius of about 24 kilometers. The influence distance perpendicular to roads is also 24 kilometers , since road const ruction accelerates human2induced destruction to vegetation. Vegetation in shade aspect is rising due to the increase in precipitation , while vegetation in sunny aspect tends to be stable or degraded because of the enhancement in sunlight . Furthermore , the vegetation coverage is influenced by the groundwater level . In near riverbed fields , where the depth of groundwater is shallow , plant s can easily grow ; while in far riverbed fields , vegetation is prone to degrade due to drainage. The radius of river influence is 24 kilometers.

海拔4400～4600m的较低海拔地带退化最强烈，主要为高寒草甸与高寒沼泽草甸受牧业影响较大；牧业影响半径为24km；道路的影响范围为24km，道路的修建加速了人类对高原植被的破坏作用；阳坡植被呈现趋于稳定和退化的趋势，阴坡植被表现为增长的趋势，降水量增加是源区植被，尤其是阴坡植被变好的重要原因，而太阳光照增强是导致阳坡干旱和植被趋于退化的潜在原因；近河床区地下水位埋深较浅，植被生长具有稳定的地下水源；在远离河床的一定区域内，地下水易于疏干，植被易于退化，河流影响范围为24km。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。