查询词典 data

Presenting three levels of architecture for data metadata organization and management: basic metadata subbase, middle metadata subbase and high metadata subbase, which point to GIS data value, data item and data set.

提出数据元数据组织管理的三层体系结构：底层元数据子库、中层元数据子库和高层元数据子库，分别对应GIS数据值、数据项和数据集。

It aims for the data interchange and the technological difficult point with data transmission in the course of system merged. At first It has discussed swapper of the file, DDE technology and ODBC technology in detail with combination on-the-spot application. And it has solved the data interchange problem between safe monitoring system and relevant systems. With utilizing much thread thought and WinSock technology, it has solved the data transmission problem.

针对系统融合过程中的数据转换和数据传输的技术难点，结合现场应用，详细讨论了文件交换技术、DDE技术及ODBC技术，并解决了安全监控系统与相关系统之间的数据交换问题；利用多线程思想和WinSock技术解决了数据传输问题。

Fist, comprehensive analysis on the current study on data processing is made, and characters of Newton methods about nonlinear surveying and mapping data processing are discussed, and then new solutions to parameters estimate with multi-sources, multi-types, multi-dimension, multi-precision bynonlinear least square are presented such as PSB algorithm, digital continuation and generalized digital continuation algorithm, cone model method, tensor analysis method, GCMA(mixed algorithm of gradient method and conjugate gradient method), combining algorithm based on Newton method and gradient method and confidence region and so on, and a new fast difference iterative algorithm is proposed towards parameters estimation containing random parameters in nonlinear models, and a new solutions to nonlinear least squares surveying and mapping adjustment by parameters estimation both considering the random and nonrandom parameters is presented after studying on nonlinear data processing in deformation monitoring, and at last primary analysis on error propagation of spatial data is made and approximate error propagation formula and error analysis formula to length and area are proposed.

首先比较全面分析了目前测量数据处理理论的研究现状，讨论了牛顿类方法在处理非线性模型参数估计方面的特点，研究并给出了求解多源、多类型、多维、多精度、非线性最小二乘测量平差参数估计的若干种新方法，这包括PSB算法、数值延拓及其广义数值延拓算法、锥模型法、张量分析法、基于最速下降法和牛顿法的组合算法、基于最速下降

Based on the charge transaction data of ETC system, this paper analyzed the original data and determined the data processing flow of ETC Data. Then, it proposed the travel speed calculation model of freeway, the traffic flow distribution analysis method, the information mining techniques of OD distribution, vehicle type proportion in different toll gate, and so on.

本文以电子不停车收费的交易数据为基础，通过对原始交易数据的分析，确定了数据的处理流程，在此基础上，提出了路段行程速度计算模型，交通流量分布规律分析方法和高速公路站点OD分布、车型比例分布等指标获取方法。

This paper discusses the construction method of attribute data and graph data in Beijing Toponym GIS and then introduces the approach of inspecting and controlling data by using SQL in the procedure of data collection.

介绍北京一地名信息系统图形数据和属性数据的构建方法，进而介绍一种在数据采集的过程中利用SQL语言检查和控制数据的有效方法。

Through propagate the key information of each opratores, the mechanism of data lineage can trace the data cleaning program, which construct over the traceable oprators so that we can analysis and explain the cleaning result. According to the analysis and research of the incremental mode and conflict of data modification, we can correct and improve the exceptions which appear during the data modification.

接下来的数据沿袭机制通过传递各个操作的标识值，实现了对构造于可追溯操作基础上的数据清理程序的追踪，从而提供了对数据清理程序执行过程及结果的分析和解释功能；同时利用交互式数据修改功能以及时纠正和改进数据清理过程中所出现的异常，并对数据修改过程中所涉及到的增量执行模式及操作冲突进行了充分地分析与研究。

According to the difference of data types, XML and UDO as data storage methods are used separately. The establishment of XML for data, such as edit, deletion, etc is achieved. With the system requirements, it needs not only local data operation, but also network communications.

根据协同设计中的数据类型的不同，分别采用可扩展标记语言和用户自定义对象作为数据存储方式，实现了数据的存储，实现了在XML中对数据的创建，修改等编辑操作。

Nowadays the researches of frequency distribution of data are almost limited to normal distribution, while other distributions are seldom studied. Many frequency distributions of data are not normal. This kinds of frequency distribution of data widely exist. Unimodal frequency distribution of data often occurs.

现在绝大多数关于频数资料分布的研究都是基于正态分布的，而对其他类型的分布研究得比较少，实际上频数分布在许多情况下并非呈现正态分布，分布的形态丰富多彩，很多资料都是呈现单峰分布，本研究就是利用数学上常见的八种连续型变量的分布类型去拟合单峰频数资料。

Traditional data mining techologies used in data mining need to build intrusion detection model in labled data set. The process to lable data set is all by hands, and if the lables have some errors, the efficiency of the intrusion detection system will be affected. Unsupervised anomaly detection methods can detect the anomaly records in unlabled dataset.

传统的面向入侵检测的数据挖掘技术需要在大量的已标记数据集上建立入侵检测模型，数据集的标记过程需要以手工的方式进行，并且如果标记错误，将导致入侵检测系统检测效率的降低。

Now, because the means of data administration is very poor and some other reasons, the market data approach is scarcely used by land valuator. In this paper, the author analyzes the application actuality and difficulties of the market data approach, and try to overcome these difficulties. Then the author accomplishes applied geographical information system for the market data approach based on urban land grading and evaluation system, taking Nantong city as example, and has got anticipative purpose.

本研究在分析市场比较法应用状况、应用难点的基础上，提出了市场比较法应用过程中难点问题的解决方法，从技术角度上阐述了基于城镇土地定级估价信息系统之上的市场比较法评估信息系统的建立，尤其是以南通市为例完成了该市市场比较法信息系统和各项基础数据库的建设，取得了预期的研究成果。

You can do some assertiveness training.

你可以进行一些自信训练。

We were well on the path to making a rear-wheel-drive global platform," says Mays."

我们正致力于建立一个后轮驱动的平台，"Mays这样说道。"