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Buck and Boost topology switching power conversion circuits as the core of this system, ultra low power MSP430F1222 microcontroller-based controller, microcontroller produced by the PWM pulse width modulation signals, respectively, two-way control switch voltage conversion circuit the turn-on and turn-off in order to achieve the above two kinds of topology switching power conversion circuit, and then to draw power from the flow of electrical energy has been filled into the rechargeable battery, and using microcontroller A / D input voltage implementation of the monitoring, according to the input voltage switching buck - circuit at a lower cost to achieve a highly efficient energy transfer, and the circuit is simple, the parameter to determine easy, self-low power consumption,to achieve full-featured.

本系统以Buck降压和Boost升压拓扑结构开关电源变换电路为核心，以超低功耗单片机MSP430F1222为主控器，由单片机产生PWM脉宽调制信号，分别控制两路电压变换电路中开关管的导通与关断从而实现以上两种拓扑结构开关电源变换电路，进而从一直流电源中吸取电能充入可充电电池，并利用单片机A/D对输入电压实施监测，根据输入电压切换升降压电路，以较低的成本实现了高效率的电能转移，并且电路简单、参数确定容易，自身功耗低，实现功能完整。

A kind of novel multi-granularity OXC architecture is proposed,which can be used to fiber switching, waveband switching and wavelength switching.

提出了一种新型多粒度光交叉连接的体系结构，它可以完成光纤、波带、波长的交换，以及不同粒度业务的上下话路。

The second phase of networking ,which occurred in the 1960s ,included three major milestones:software switching, digital transmission ,and satellite deployment,in 1965 ,american telephone and telegraph introduced the first stored program control local switch ,the 1 ees switching system ,with the ues of software control, a family of custom calling services (speed calling,call waiting ,call forwarding and three way calling ,etc ,) was mande possible, the first software program for the 1ees switching system had approximately 100,000 lines of codes, today switches may contain ten million lines of code.

第二阶段是网络化，其发生在20世纪60年代，包括三大里程碑：软件交换，数字传输，卫星的运用，在1965年，美国电话电报介绍第一个存储程序控制区域交换机，第1 ees交换系统中，软控制运用在家庭式的呼叫服务中（快速呼叫，呼叫等待，呼叫转接和三方呼叫等，成为可能，第一个软件程序，为1ees切换系统大约有 10万行代码今日交换系统可能含有1千万行的代码。

According to the definition and the distribution of VSR's voltage space vector, the introduction of a rule-based SVPWM current control strategy, with non-fixed switching frequency and dual hysteresis loops, that obviously improves the performance of current control. Based on two kinds of control strategies of VSR under unbalanced grid condition, the introduction of a new VSR control strategy featuring undamped-oscillation that simplifies the controller structure and effectively improves VSR's performance under unbalanced grid condition. A systematic description of the state switching in trilogic PWM signal generation of threephase CSR by using the conversion between bilogic and trilogic switching functions.

作者在如下工作的基础上对PWM整流器的一些关键问题提出了自己的研究思路、观点和方法：根据PWM整流器网侧矢量关系，直观地描述了其四象限运行的基本原理及特征；定量分析了VSR、CSR的PWM换相过程及波形特征；引入等效变压器模型并详细分析了VSR、CSR基于d—q模型的动、静态特性；提出了满足四象限有功、无功运行指标时的VSR交流侧电感设计方法；并提出了依据控制系统跟随性和抗扰性性能指标设计VSR、CSR直流侧储能元件的参数计算方法；在研究了VSR电流控制策略基础上，提出了影响VSR电流控制的几个要素，并进行了定量分析；根据VSR空间电压矢量的定义及分布，提出了基于规则控制的不定频滞环空间矢量PWM电流控制策略，并由此提出了具有双滞环特性的不定频滞环优化SVPWM电流控制策略，有效地改进了滞环PWM电流控制性能。

All of these power MOSFETs are designed for applications such as switching regulators, switching convertors, motor drivers, relay drivers, and drivers for high power bipolar switching transistors requiring high speed and low gate drive power.

所有这些功率MOSFET的设计，例如开关稳压器的应用，开关转换器，电机驱动器，继电器驱动器，驱动器和高功率双极晶体管的开关速度和低要求高栅极驱动力。

According to switching power supply's theory, the circuit analysis, and transformer's foundation, it has analyzed switching power supply's principle of work from the electric circuit work's perspective, and factures a kind of switching power supply circuit diagram, which is quite simple, and is reliable for the operation, and is suitable for using commonly in the present life .

再根据开关电源的理论、电路分析、及变压器的基础，从电路工作的角度分析了开关电源的工作原理，制作了一种比较简单，工作可靠，且适用于目前生活中常用的开关电源。

The basic relationship between the the first half-wave peak value of transient current and the initial firing angles is found by means of analytical method.The practical method is put forward to determine the initial two-phase and the third phase firing angles with the limiting value and the space vector varying track of transient current.And then the subsequent series of firing angles with the even step are calculated by using the speed at the time of re-switching.The suppressive effect to the inrush current is verified with simulation and experiment of rapid soft re-switching control,by which the influence of different speed to rapid soft re-switching course is analyzed besides.3 To analyze the power loss for typical periodically variable running load and deeply study the energy-saving principle and control mode of the intermittent power supply approach. Futhermore,the novel integrated energy-saving control technique is developed on base of the intermittent power supply approach.

通过解析方法找到快速软投入初始触发角与瞬态电流首半波峰值加热板之间的基本关系，进而提出了由限流值和空间向量轨迹确定初始两相和第三相触发角的方法，并以固定步长均匀递减的方式由投入时转速计算出其它后续触发角；结合仿真和实验验证了快速软投入对冲击电流的抑制作用，并分析了不同转速下投入时对电源快速软投入过程的影响。3对典型周期性变工况负载特性进行能耗分析，深入研究断续供电节能机理和控制模式，并进一步发展了以断续供电为主的综合节能控制新技术。

The basic relationship between the the first half-wave peak value of transient current and the initial firing angles is found by means of analytical method.The practical method is put forward to determine the initial two-phase and the third phase firing angles with the limiting value and the space vector varying track of transient current.And then the subsequent series of firing angles with the even step are calculated by using the speed at the time of re-switching.The suppressive effect to the inrush current is verified with simulation and experiment of rapid soft re-switching control,by which the influence of different speed to rapid soft re-switching course is analyzed besides.3 To analyze the power loss for typical periodically variable running load and deeply study the energy-saving principle and control mode of the intermittent power supply approach. Futhermore,the novel integrated energy-saving control technique is developed on base of the intermittent power supply approach.

通过解析方法找到快速软投入初始触发角与瞬态电流首半波峰值之间的基本关系，进而提出了由限流值和空间向量轨迹确定初始两相和第三相触发角的方法，并以固定步长均匀递减的方式由投入时转速计算出其它后续触发角；结合仿真和实验验证了快速软投入对冲击电流的抑制作用，并分析了不同转速下投入时对电源快速软投入过程的影响。3对典型周期性变工况负载特性进行能耗分析，深入研究断续供电节能机理和控制模式，并进一步发展了以断续供电为主的综合节能控制新技术。

The method includes the following steps: step A, the terminal accesses, registers and loges on to IM core net through at least two different wireless IP access networks; step B, in the process for carrying a VoIP communication through at least one of two IP access networks, if the terminal meets the pre-set switching condition between the IP access network, a switching request in the IMS domain is initiated; step C, the speech calling continues application server receives the switching request, and switches the signaling between the terminal and the VCC application server to the other IP access network except the IP access network loading the VoIP communication at present in at least two IP access networks.

本发明提供一种IMS域内VoIP的切换方法、IMS系统、终端及VCC应用服务器，该方法包括：步骤A，终端通过至少两个不同的无线IP接入网接入并注册登录到IMS核心网；步骤B，在终端通过至少两个IP接入网中的一个进行VoIP通话的过程中，如果终端满足预设的IP接入网之间切换条件，则发起IMS域内的切换请求；步骤C，语音呼叫连续应用服务器接收切换请求，并将终端与VCC应用服务器之间的信令切换到至少两个IP接入网中、除当前承载VoIP通话的IP接入网之外的其中一个IP接入网上。

Put power breakerin switching off position, make tests of switching on and switching off for breaker with operation system,relay protection tripping and emergency pushbutton tripping were 21 correct.

用操作系统对断路器进行合闸，跳闸试验，用继电保护跳闸，用事故按钮跳闸均正确。

Although translator has turned from being a crystal ball by which the original culture can unrestrainedly penetrate to another crystal ball by which the target culture can freely traverse, the translator's personal embodiment, in the process of cognitive act, are still absent in translation studies. Translators are still subjects without body or simply disembodied subjects.

译者虽然由原语文化可以自由穿透的玻璃球变成了译语文化可以自由穿越的玻璃球，但译者认知过程中的个体体验在翻译研究中依然缺席，译者依然仅仅是一个没有躯体体验的主体。

Chillingly, he claimed our technology is 'not nearly as sophisticated' as theirs and "had they been hostile", he warned 'we would be been gone by now'.

令人毛骨悚然的，他声称我们的技术是'并不那么复杂，像他们一样，和"如果他们敌意"，他警告说，'我们将现在已经过去了。