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Considering that the model is traditionally supposed to be exact and only initial data fields are amended in Adjoint Assimilation System.

鉴于传统的四维资料伴随模式同化系统都是假设模式完全正确仅对初始场进行修正。

Experimental evidences on ideal and real data show that different weighting and scaling have different influence on the adjoint assimilation system,and the system has good ability of assimilation and the adjoint code method is a very effective tool.

通过理想场和实际资料进行的试验发现：权重系数和尺度因子选取的不同会对伴随模式同化系统产生不同的影响。试验表明伴随模式系统有较强的同化能力，对提高预报效果有积极的作用，用伴随码推导伴随模式是很有价值的工具。

Data assimilation ; adjoint model assimilation system ; precipitable water

资料同化；伴随模式同化系统；可降水量

Based on adjoint code technique, the adjoint assimilation system of MM4 model is developed, and the assimilation experiments of conventional and non-conventional data are carried out.

以中尺度模式MM4为基础，利用伴随码技术改进、完善了MM4伴随模式同化系统，并利用该系统进行了常规资料和非常规资料的伴随模式同化试验，例如加入了可降水量资料等。

Base on the actual condition, we analyze the Doppler-radar detection data of a hail in Pingliang city on July 24,2007 during the field observation in Pingliang city, and then analyze the structure of three-dimension wind field , that retrieved from the Simple Adjoint method, of this system.

中文摘要根据实际情况，本文利用2007年6月-9月期间的平凉野外观测实验中观测到的一次冰雹过程（7月24日）探测资料，对个例的雷达观测结果进行分析，并用简单共轭方法对两次过程进行了三维风场的反演，分析了系统的风场结构。

In this paper, the MM5 Adjoint Assimilation System is used to correct MM5's terrain error. The experimental results of amending different initial terrain data indicate that: the MM5 AAS is able to retrieve the terrain field, whose resolution is matched with one of the initial meteorological element field and therefore well coordinated with the MM5 model. Thus a new way about how to widely use the assimilation system is offered in this paper.

将伴随模式同化系统应用于修正模式地形误差，通过对不同初始地形的修正试验表明，MM5伴随模式同化系统能很好地对地形误差进行修正，能够反演出与初始气象要素场分辨率相匹配、与模式更协调的地形场，为伴随模式同化系统的广泛应用提供了一种新的思路。

Based on two-dimensional elastic wave equation and adopts the well logs as constraint condition, a new imaging method of crosswell seismic data-elastic wave equation inversion and imaging with the well logs constraint is given by using adjoint theory of distribution-parameter control system.

基于二维弹性波动方程，利用分布参数控制系统的伴随理论，采用测井资料作为约束条件，本文给出了一种井间地震资料速度成像的新方法——井间测井约束弹性波动方程反演成像。

Furthermore data assimilation experiments are conducted with MM5 Adjoint-model Assimilation System made by adjoint codes. With a case of heavy rainfall taking place from 00h July 23 to 00h July 24,2002, several numerical simulation experiments of different schemes are performed. The results are as follows. MM5 Adjoint-model Assimilation System not only can improve the initial field effectively and promote the coordination with the model but also can enhance the forecast on the precipitation and other elements. The assimilation of CDW has an improvement on quality of upper wind. The effect of direct numerical simulation with utilizing the CDW to amend the initial field gains the advantage over the one not.

结果表明，MM5伴随模式同化系统能有效改善初始场与模式的协调能力，提高模式对于降水场和其它要素场的预报；使用云导风资料修正初始场后直接模拟的效果比未使用时直接模拟的效果要好，对部分区域的强降水预报精度有一定程度的改善；使用伴随模式同化系统后，加入云导风资料的同化试验对其它要素的改善与直接同化常规资料的效果相比，改善优势不明显，但从各要素的误差来看，对于风场的改善最好。

The new method is presented to contrast economics based on the Haken pattern recognition. The synergetic network is builted and the prototype vector and adjoint vector of investment data are obtained.

经过与实际结果对比，可以看出该模型较好地反映了投资要素之间的非线性关系，具有较高的精度及理想的预测效果，可广泛应用于各种预测研究，有较好的推广应用价值。

The author holds it is not reasonable that one can only use the adjoint of model in data assimilation.

关于伴随方法应用中只能利用模式的伴随的观点，作者认为是有疑问的，并提出了新的观点。

The shaping method of noncircular part and the tool holder's radial motion characters in noncircular turning process are discussed in detail in the thesis.

论文详细研究了非圆零件的成型方法和加工过程中刀架的径向运动规律。

I have not really liked him,I do not like his this kind of disposition.

我没有真的喜欢他，我不喜欢他的这种性格。