查询词典 dampers

After introducing the mechanism of seismic displacement control with dampers, 3 kinds of assessment functions for seismic response control effect are formulated based on the seismic response characteristics of longspan suspension bridges and a new optimal placement method of dampers using penalty function and first order optimization theory is proposed.

从地震位移控制的原理出发，根据大跨悬索桥结构地震响应的特点，建立了其地震位移控制效果的3种评估函数，提出了一种基于罚函数和一阶优化原理的阻尼器最优布置方法。

Fusible element is a fixed fire extinguishing systems and fire safety, smoke detection and implementation of the system played the role of temperature control devices, motion devices in the automatic fire extinguishing system, kitchen equipment, fire-fighting equipment, smoke, fire-fighting equipment, fire dampers and smoke dampers implementing agencies, fire shutter temperature-controlled release devices, fire doors automatically closed device to be widely applied.

易熔合金元件是固定灭火系统和防火、排烟系统中起探测和执行作用的感温控制器件，在自动灭火系统动作装置、厨房设备灭火装置、烟雾灭火装置、防火阀和排烟防火阀的执行机构、防火卷帘温控释放装置，防火门自动闭门装置中得到广泛应用。

Dampers 档板 There are six dampers, which are double louver type and which are equipped with the seal air system.

有六块档板，都是双挡板并带有密封空气系统。

Magnetic hysteresis is the intrinsic characteristic of MR dampers, which will have more serious effect on the performance of MR dampers.

本文对MR阻尼器的固有特性磁滞效应对控制效果的影响进行了研究。

The results show that there will be slight decrease of the control efforts when the mean absolute value or the root mean square value of the optimal control force is taken as the maximum designed control force, while the maximum control force of MR damper can be decreased by 85% compared with the maximum optimal control force. The decrease in the designed control force can not only significantly increase the capability of MR dampers, but also reduce the dimension of MR dampers for pratical application in engineering.

研究表明，当设计值取最优控制力的平均绝对值或均方根值时，MR阻尼器的最大控制力比最优控制力的最大值降低了85%，而控制效果降低不多，可以满足对结构的控制要求；降低最大控制力设计值后，不但可以充分发挥MR阻尼器的出力性能，而且可以缩小MR阻尼器的设计尺寸，便于工程应用。

A new type of double nozzle-flapper water hydraulic servo bridge model is developed, in which the two tandem fixed dampers are adopted as prepositive dampers.

提出了一种前置级采用两级串联固定阻尼孔的双喷嘴挡板水压伺服桥路模型，并对其进行了参量敏感性分析。

Also the response amplitude will be changed with the initial conditions due to the nonlinear properties of the cables.Taking the bending stiffness, cable sag and cable inclination into consideration, the space vibration control of the cables using the visco-elastic dampers in cable-stayed bridges is investigated by joining the center difference method and the state space strategy. Both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper size are obtained, then the practical suggestions are proposed for the design of the dampers. The space nonlinear vibration equations of the cable-damper system are derived, and anew hybrid method for solving the cable-damper system is presented by combing the Newmark method and Pseudo-force technology. According to the known properties of the cable-damper system, the nonlinear transient responses are analyzed under all kinds of excitations. Based on the transient response, the control effectiveness of the visco-elastic dampers is further demonstrated.

综合考虑了拉索抗弯刚度、垂度的影响，研究了粘弹性阻尼器对斜拉桥拉索的空间振动控制，联合中心差分方法及状态空间法，得出了拉索面内、外振动各阶模态可能达到的最大阻尼比及相应的最优阻尼器系数，并对斜拉桥拉索的阻尼器设计提出了参考建议：考虑拉索抗弯刚度、垂度及几何非线性，导出了索-阻尼器系统的空间振动非线性方程组，结合Newmark方法及伪力(Pseudo-Force)方法，创新地提出了求解非线性方程组的杂交方法，根据拉索-阻尼器系统的阻尼特性，在各种荷载作用下，对索-阻尼器系统的非线性瞬态振动响应进行了研究，从系统响应的角度更加直接地验证了阻尼器的控制效果。

At first in the preliminary design this paper computes the linear damping coefficient of the viscous damper employed in this project using Composite Response Spectra approach, meantime, this paper proves that reducing the exponent of velocity of the piston can increase the magnitude of the dissipative energy, because of the viscous damper employed in the practical project character nonlinear behavior; next this chapter performs analysis and comparison between the building without and with the viscous dampers aforementioned when the building suffers from various Time Domain Response, from the angle of displacement, interstroy drift, velocity, interstory velocity, acceleration, energy, maximum axial force of the dampers and of the column etc., in order to prove that the incorporating the viscous dampers into the buildings has great superiority on enhancing its aseismic performance ; furthermore, this chapter also expatiates on diverse assembly form of the viscous dampers that results in the adverse impact on the internal force of the structural member in this building, on the ground of which this segment bring about the preference of the assembly form of the viscous damper; finally this chapter points out the sphere of application of the analysis and computation using Composite Response Spectra approach in design: it is available in well-proportioned stiffness structures and isn抰 available in the structures that contain weak story. It is recommendable, particularly, to incorporate the fluid viscous dampers into this structure that contain weak story to refrain earthquake and reinforce, such as the Central Hall of Shanghai Exhibition Hall.

首先使用了反应谱分析法设计出欲附设的粘滞阻尼器的线性阻尼系数，由于实际工程所用的粘滞阻尼器具有非线性的特性，故而笔者又证明了降低速度指数对提高粘滞阻尼器的耗能量的优势所在；接着分别从位移、层间位移、速度、层间速度、加速度、能量、最大阻尼出力和柱轴力等不同的角度对结构在附设粘滞阻尼器前后的时程反应进行了分析对比，籍此在实际工程中证明了附设粘滞阻尼器对于提高结构的抗震性能的优越性；再者，笔者还阐述了采用不同的粘滞阻尼器布置方式对结构中构件内力特别是柱轴力和基座竖向反力产生的不利影响，并在此基础上提出了布置方式的优选；最后，指出了反应谱法在设计中的适用范围：对于均匀结构反应谱法能够使用，而对于含有薄弱层的结构反应谱法并不适用；对于类似于上海展览馆中央大厅的含薄弱层的结构尤其值得使用粘滞阻尼器的方法进行抗震加固。

Afterward, vibration equations of bundle conductors system which consider the effects of spacer dampers are derived(including transcendental function and plural), the vibration frequencies and modes of bundle conductors system are got by solving the transcendental eigenvalues of these equations. Then the amplitude ratio of each spacer dampers to sub-conductors are got, so bundle conductors can be exactly solved with the application of energy balance method as single-conductor.

然后，推导出了考虑阻尼间隔棒阻抗影响的分裂导线体系的振动方程组，通过求解超越特征值得到分裂导线的振动频率和模态，得到各间隔棒、各段子导线的振幅比，从而使分裂导线可以象单导线一样应用能量平衡法进行精细求解。

Armour rods (to be installed in suspension clamps) Parallel clamps Sub-Total, items 4.1-4.7 OTHER HARDWARE Counterweights for jumper or suspension insulator strings, including necessary device for attachement 50 kg 100 kg Sub-total, item 5.1 – 5.3 SPARES Insulator Units Type U160 Type U210BS Hardware for Conductor ACSR-BISON Complete set of hardware and fittings for suspension string Complete set of hardware and fittings for tension string Complete set of hardware and fittings for jumper string Complete set of hardware and fittings for transposition string Extra suspension clamps Extra tension clamps Extra tension joints Extra repair sleeves Extra vibration dampers Extra armour rods Extra spacers: for span for jumper alternatively spacer dampers Hardware for Earthwire 7 No. 6 AWG Complete suspension set Complete tension set Vibration dampers, Stockbridge type Extra tension clamps Extra tension joints Extra vibration dampers Extra parallel clamps Extra armour rods Hardware for Earthwire 7 No. 6 AWG Complete suspension set Complete tension set Vibration dampers, Stockbridge type Extra tension clamps Extra tension joints Extra vibration dampers Extra parallel clamps Extra armour rods Sub-Total, items 6.1-6.4 Sub-total, Items 1.4, 2.7, 3.8, 4.8, 5.4 and 6.5 Transfer to Summary, Schedule AS-1

装甲棒 平行夹具小计，项目4月1号至4月7号其他硬件重物跳线或中止绝缘子串，包括必要的设备attachement 50公斤 100公斤小计，项目5月1号至5月3号备件绝缘子单位型U160 类型U210BS 硬件导体钢芯铝绞线，拜森一套完整的硬件和配件的暂停字符串一套完整的硬件和配件的紧张字符串一套完整的硬件和配件的跳投字符串一套完整的硬件和配件的转字符串额外的悬浮夹额外的紧张局势夹额外的紧张关节额外的修理袖子额外的振动阻尼器额外的装甲棒额外的间隔：为跨度跳线或者间隔减震器硬件Earthwire 7特设工作组第6号完整的悬挂设定一套完整的紧张局势振动阻尼器，斯托克型额外的紧张局势夹额外的紧张关节额外的振动阻尼器额外的平行夹具额外的装甲棒硬件Earthwire 7特设工作组第6号完整的悬挂设定一套完整的紧张局势振动阻尼器，斯托克型额外的紧张局势夹额外的紧张关节额外的振动阻尼器额外的平行夹具额外的装甲棒小计，项目6月1号至6月4号小计，项目1.4 ， 2.7 ， 3.8 ， 4.8 ， 5.4和6.5 （换乘摘要，附表1 仅供参考

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。