查询词典 damper

He was 23 April, 1886 meter Miriam Butz established companies, a few weeks later, he invented a simple and flexible device, named the "damper flapper."

他于1886年4月23日成立了Butz电表仪公司，几个星期之后，他又发明了一个既简单又灵活的装置，命名为"damper flapper。"

The fluid film bearing-flexible rotor nonlinear system with squeeze film damper is modeled practically using the finite element method and the Hamilton principle.(3) The film forces produced by fluid film bearing and squeeze film damper are determined by finite element method at any moment, and the Jacobian matrix is also determined.(4) A method for analyzing the dynamics of a large system with local nonlinearities is presented. The stability and bifurcation of the equilibrium position and the unbalance responce of a fluid film bearing-flexible rotor system with squeeze film damper are investigated based on the assumption of an incompressible lubricant together with the long bearing approximation for fluid film bearing, short bearing approximation for squeeze film damper and the"π"film cavitation model.

主要研究内容包括下面几个方面：（1）对挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承-转子非线性动力系统中的非线性现象进行了机理方面的研究；（2）应用有限元方法及Hamilton原理对复杂的挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承-转子非线性动力系统进行了建模分析；（3）对滑动轴承及挤压油膜阻尼器中任一时刻的油膜力及相应的Ja-cobi矩阵的确定进行了分析；（4）对一类具有局部非线性的多自由度动力系统，提出了一种可以有效地分析其动力特性的方法；（5）采用实验与理论分析相结合的方法，对挤压油膜阻尼器-滑动轴承-转子非线性动力系统的动力特性进行了分析。

Also the response amplitude will be changed with the initial conditions due to the nonlinear properties of the cables.Taking the bending stiffness, cable sag and cable inclination into consideration, the space vibration control of the cables using the visco-elastic dampers in cable-stayed bridges is investigated by joining the center difference method and the state space strategy. Both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper size are obtained, then the practical suggestions are proposed for the design of the dampers. The space nonlinear vibration equations of the cable-damper system are derived, and anew hybrid method for solving the cable-damper system is presented by combing the Newmark method and Pseudo-force technology. According to the known properties of the cable-damper system, the nonlinear transient responses are analyzed under all kinds of excitations. Based on the transient response, the control effectiveness of the visco-elastic dampers is further demonstrated.

综合考虑了拉索抗弯刚度、垂度的影响，研究了粘弹性阻尼器对斜拉桥拉索的空间振动控制，联合中心差分方法及状态空间法，得出了拉索面内、外振动各阶模态可能达到的最大阻尼比及相应的最优阻尼器系数，并对斜拉桥拉索的阻尼器设计提出了参考建议：考虑拉索抗弯刚度、垂度及几何非线性，导出了索-阻尼器系统的空间振动非线性方程组，结合Newmark方法及伪力(Pseudo-Force)方法，创新地提出了求解非线性方程组的杂交方法，根据拉索-阻尼器系统的阻尼特性，在各种荷载作用下，对索-阻尼器系统的非线性瞬态振动响应进行了研究，从系统响应的角度更加直接地验证了阻尼器的控制效果。

The mechanical behavior of Shape Memory Alloys material is tested, and the constitutive model of the SMA is established. A kind of SMA combined rubber isolator is developed, and the isolation effect of the SMA combined rubber isolator for long-span bridge and tall building structures is numerically simulated, from which the adaptive isolation performance and the self-restoring capacity of the SMA combined rubber isolator are verified. A kind of SMA damper is developed, the mechanical behavior of the SMA damper is tested, and the model of restoring force of the SMA damper is established. The theory and method of adaptive control based on the SMA damper for the long-span bridge are built, and the effectiveness and reliability of the adaptive control for the long-span bridge using the SMA damper are verified through numerical simulation and model test. The MRF-04K type magnetorheological damper is developed, the mechanical behavior of the MR damper is tested, and the model of restoring force of the MR damper is established. The theory and method of adaptive control based on the MR damper for the long-span bridge and tall building structures are built, and the effectiveness and reliability of the adaptive control for the long-span bridge and tall building structures using the MR damper are verified through numerical simulation and model test. In addition, the theory and method of sub-structural damage identification for long-span bridge are derived, the influence of soil-structure dynamic interaction on the seismic isolation and control effects with different isolation and control measures and the damage responses and the sliding base-isolation of large structures under the excitation of underground explosion are investigated.

试验研究了形状记忆合金材料的力学性能，建立了SMA材料的本构模型；研制了一种SMA复合橡胶隔震支座，数值仿真分析了应用SMA复合橡胶支座的大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构的隔震效果，从而验证了SMA复合橡胶支座的自适应隔震性能及其震后自恢复能力；研制了一种SMA阻尼器，试验研究了SMA阻尼器的力学性能，建立了SMA阻尼器的恢复力模型，建立了基于SMA阻尼器的大跨桥梁结构自适应控制理论与方法，通过数值仿真与模型试验验证了大跨桥梁结构SMA阻尼器自适应控制的有效性与可靠性；研制了一种MRF-04K型磁流变阻尼器，试验研究了MR阻尼器的力学性能，建立了MR阻尼器的恢复力模型，建立了基于MR阻尼器的大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构的自适应控制理论与方法，通过数值仿真和模型试验验证了大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构MR阻尼器自适应控制的有效性与可靠性；还建立了大跨桥梁结构的子结构损伤识别的理论与方法，研究了土-结构动力相互作用对不同隔震和控制措施的减震控制效果的影响以及地下爆炸波作用下各类大型结构的灾害响应与滑移隔震。

At first in the preliminary design this paper computes the linear damping coefficient of the viscous damper employed in this project using Composite Response Spectra approach, meantime, this paper proves that reducing the exponent of velocity of the piston can increase the magnitude of the dissipative energy, because of the viscous damper employed in the practical project character nonlinear behavior; next this chapter performs analysis and comparison between the building without and with the viscous dampers aforementioned when the building suffers from various Time Domain Response, from the angle of displacement, interstroy drift, velocity, interstory velocity, acceleration, energy, maximum axial force of the dampers and of the column etc., in order to prove that the incorporating the viscous dampers into the buildings has great superiority on enhancing its aseismic performance ; furthermore, this chapter also expatiates on diverse assembly form of the viscous dampers that results in the adverse impact on the internal force of the structural member in this building, on the ground of which this segment bring about the preference of the assembly form of the viscous damper; finally this chapter points out the sphere of application of the analysis and computation using Composite Response Spectra approach in design: it is available in well-proportioned stiffness structures and isn抰 available in the structures that contain weak story. It is recommendable, particularly, to incorporate the fluid viscous dampers into this structure that contain weak story to refrain earthquake and reinforce, such as the Central Hall of Shanghai Exhibition Hall.

首先使用了反应谱分析法设计出欲附设的粘滞阻尼器的线性阻尼系数，由于实际工程所用的粘滞阻尼器具有非线性的特性，故而笔者又证明了降低速度指数对提高粘滞阻尼器的耗能量的优势所在；接着分别从位移、层间位移、速度、层间速度、加速度、能量、最大阻尼出力和柱轴力等不同的角度对结构在附设粘滞阻尼器前后的时程反应进行了分析对比，籍此在实际工程中证明了附设粘滞阻尼器对于提高结构的抗震性能的优越性；再者，笔者还阐述了采用不同的粘滞阻尼器布置方式对结构中构件内力特别是柱轴力和基座竖向反力产生的不利影响，并在此基础上提出了布置方式的优选；最后，指出了反应谱法在设计中的适用范围：对于均匀结构反应谱法能够使用，而对于含有薄弱层的结构反应谱法并不适用；对于类似于上海展览馆中央大厅的含薄弱层的结构尤其值得使用粘滞阻尼器的方法进行抗震加固。

The coming forth of virtual prototyping technology presents a new approach to study gun stability, and based on establishment of dynamic model of selections of structure parameters, the effects of stiffness and damper of elevating mechanism, stiffness and damper of trail, stiffness and damper of soil, parity of recoil mass and parity of trunnion position on firing stability are first studied with virtual prototype of gun in this paper. An improved equation of sensitivity analysis is provided, and the important degrees of factors with different dimensions can be compared.

虚拟样机技术的出现为火炮射击稳定性研究提供了新的方法，文中在建立火炮动力学模型的基础上，通过选取火炮结构参数对火炮射击稳定性进行研究，利用虚拟样机分析高低机刚度和阻尼、大架刚度和阻尼、土壤介质刚度和阻尼、后坐品质偏心和耳轴位置偏心对火炮射击稳定性的影响。

It introduces a kind of novel loading test system, based on the operation principle of damper. this loading system is operated by the driving motor. it realizes the loading, in that the damper has a negative drive force that puts on the motor. Based on the ordinary electromagnetic damper, the thesis presents a novel hybrid excitation electromagnetic damper which has adjustable work characteristic, analyses the working principle and structural feature of the electromagnetic damper, deduces the formulas to calculate the eddy current density through the Electromagnetic theory, analyses the distribution of the eddy current in the cotyloid rotor, and also studies the method of calculating the damp torque, establishes the mathematical model of the electromagnetic damper, analyses the relationship between the electromagnetic damper structural parameter and damp torque, researches the engineering design and analysis method of the electromagnetic damper, provides theory foundation for the design and analysis of the electromagnetic damper, contrives a hybrid excitation electromagnetic damper that satisfies the target request, designs a set of compound excitation electromagnetic damping loading control system whose control core is AT89C51 monolithic integrated circuit, analyses the electric circuit part, and carries on the experimental test to this set of electric circuits. Finally it debugs this electromagnetic damping loading system, this system satisfies the target request proposed.

论文提出了一个全新的加载测试系统种类，该加载系统是在阻尼器工作原理基础上，利用电动机拖动阻尼器运转，从而阻尼器产生一个与运动方向相反的阻尼力矩，该力矩作用在电动机上实现对电动机加载测试；同时，论文在一般电磁阻尼器基础上提出了一种新型的可调式复合励磁电磁阻尼器结构，该种阻尼器的工作特性在一定范围内可进行调节；论文分析了电磁阻尼器的工作原理和结构特点，运用电磁场理论分析推导了电磁阻尼器的涡电流密度公式，分析了涡电流在转子杯内的分布图，并对阻尼力矩计算方法进行了研究，建立了电磁阻尼器的数学模型，分析了电磁阻尼器结构参数和阻尼力矩之间的关系，对电磁阻尼器的设计和分析方法进行了研究，为电磁阻尼器的工程设计建立了理论基础；设计了满足技术指标要求的复合励磁电磁阻尼器和一套以AT89C51单片机为控制核心的复合励磁电磁阻尼加载控制系统，对该控制系统硬件电路各部分进行了分析和设计，对软件进行了设计，并对控制电路进行了试验调试，该系统满足所提出的加载指标要求。

By means of analysis and calculation of related parameters, the optimal viscous-damper energy coefficient of viscous-damper energy dissipater and the optimal TMD mass of Tuned Mass Damper are respectively obtained. Analysis results show that the two seismic measures are effective in seismic control of large crossing transmission towers.

通过有关参数分析计算，分别得到了粘滞阻尼消能减震和调谐质量减震控制的最优粘滞阻尼系数和最优TMD质量，分析研究表明上述2种减震控制措施皆能明显衰减输电塔线体系的地震响应，具有比较理想的减震效果。

By using of finite element analysis software ANSYS and taking the power transmission line crossing over the Pearl River as the background of research, under the condition that the viscous-damper energy dissipater and Tuned Mass Damper are arranged or not on the transmission tower, the displacement and the acceleration of the tower are compared and analyzed under the three-dimensional earthquake waves.

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS，以跨越珠江的输电线路工程为研究背景，在输电塔上布置粘滞消能阻尼器和调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper，TMD)，对比分析了在三向El-Centro地震波作用下有、无减震控制措施的输电塔位移和加速度地震响应。

The vibration response of the viaduct structure by steel spring bearing, the viaduct structure by laminated rubber bearing, the track structure by Colon egg vibration damper, the track structure by steel spring damper and the ballast bed track structure are simulated through vehicle passed. The vibration parameter of the viaduct is optimized and the vibration transfer function characteristic of the ballast bed track structure and the track structure by steel spring damper are compared.

对钢弹簧支座高架桥结构、普通板式橡胶支座高架桥结构、克隆蛋减振器式轨道结构、钢弹簧浮置板减振器式轨道结构和普通碎石道床轨道结构在列车运行作用下的振动响应进行了仿真研究分析，对高架桥结构隔振参数进行了优化，比较了浮置板式和普通碎石道床轨道结构的振动传递特性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。