查询词典 d-limonene

Methods Eighty Kunming mice were equally randomized into 8 groups: normal group, model group, vitamin E 90 mgkg^(-1d^(-1) group, high-and low-dose RPM protein 20 and 5 mgkg^(-1d^(-1)respectively groups, high-and low-dose RPM anthraquinone glycoside 28 and 7 mgkg^(-1d^(-1) respectively groups, combination (low-dose RPM protein and low-dose RPM anthraquinone glycosides) group. Except the normal group, the mice in other groups received subcutaneous injection of D-galactose to indue the aging model.

选用昆明种小鼠80只，随机分为8组：正常组，模型组，维生素E组（剂量为90mgkg^(-1)d^(-1)），何首乌蛋白质高、低剂量组（剂量分别为20、5mgkg^(-1)d^(-1)），何首乌蒽醌苷高、低剂量组（剂量分别为28、7mg kg^(-1)d^(-1)），AGRPM与PRPM混合组（混合组，均取两者低剂量）；除正常组外，其他组均采用长期（7周）皮下注射D-半乳糖复制衰老小鼠模型。

In combination of oxygen nonstoichiometry data determined using the iodometric titration, the oxygen chemical diffusion coefficient D〓 for YBa〓Cu〓O〓 is calculated. D〓 takes a value of 7. 8×10〓 at 650℃ and 2. 0×l0〓cm〓s〓 at 800℃, and the associated apparent activation energy is 51±0.9 kJ·mol〓.

根据Fick第一定律，结合氧渗透率数据及氧非化学计量数据，可计算出YBa〓Cu〓O〓的氧化学扩散系数D〓在650～800℃，D〓为7.8×10〓～2.0×10〓cm〓，D〓的表观活化能为51±〓0.9 kJ·mol〓。

The effects of feeding frequencies(1, 2, 3 and 4 times per day) on the growth of Sparus macrocephalus were studied in a 40 d growth trial under the condition of 26.8~24.5℃, 26.0~27.0 salinities for determining the optimum feeding frequency. Identical diet was selected for the mature and seedling of Sparus macrocephalus in the aquiculture system.

选取同一种饵料设置4个饲喂频率水平（分别为1次／d、2次／d、4次／d、6次／d），采用静水连续充气养殖系统，在盐度为26.0~27.0、温度为26.8~24.5℃的条件下对黑鲷成鱼和鱼种进行为期40d的生长实验。

We have investigated on the chemical constituents of Nepeta partite collected from Gansu Zhuanglang, and twenty eight compounds were isolated from the methanol extraction of this species by chromatography techniques. Twenty five compounds were identified by means of chemical and spectra methods IR, FABMS, EI-MS,〓, DEPT, and 2D NMR）, among which four compounds were new as isopimar-15-en-3β, 8β, 20-triol; phenylethanal-3-O-（2'-glycerin）-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; 3-O-linolenoylglyceryl-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl）-β-D-galactopyranoside; ethyl rosemarinate.

我们对采自甘肃庄浪的康藏荆芥进行了化学成分的研究，利用层析手段从该植物的甲醇浸膏中分离出二十八个化合物，经化学方法和波谱技术（红外，质谱，一维和二维核磁共振谱）鉴定了二十五个化合物的结构，其中四个为新的化合物，它们分别是：异海松-15-烯-3β，8β，20-三醇；苯乙醇-3-O-（2'-甘油基）-5-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙；3-O-亚麻酰基甘油-6'-0--β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙；迷迭香酸乙酯。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

Results On the basis of the percentage of GPI-anchored PLAP conversion,the sera GPI-PLD activities of total 172 patients,included 26 severe acute viral hepatitis as group A,29 liver cirrhosis as group B,32 chronic viral hepatitis as group C,55 mild acute viral hepatitis as group D,30 primary hepatocellular carcinoma as group E,were measured.As compared with 182 healthy presons as control group,the sera GPI-PLD activities of group A and B were significantly reduced;By contraries,the activities of group D and E were significantly raised.The sera GPI-PLD activities of group C compared with healthy control group were not significantly altered.However,when paired Q-test,the changes of serum GPI-PLD activity between all paired groups among this five groups were remarkable.

结果检测172例肝脏疾病患者(包括A组：26例急性重症病毒性肝炎；B组：29例肝硬化；C组：32例慢性病毒性肝炎；D组：55例急性非重症病毒性肝炎；E组：30例原发性肝癌)血清中GPI-PLD的活性，发现A、B两组患者的该酶活性较正常人(182名)显著性降低，而D、E两组则较正常人显著性增高，C组患者的酶活性与正常人无显著性差异，但A、B、C、D、E两组之间的酶活性水平改变却均有显著性。

The friable embryogenic callus with small grains and without proembryo formation was screened in the process of continuous subcultures for 4~6 times on the medium with low content of sucrose from embryogenic cultures induced from immature embryos in litchi (Litchi chinensis Soon.). The well-scattered embryogenic cell suspensions could be rapidly established from the friable embryogenic callus in 2 liquid initial MS media respectively supplemented with 2,4-D 2 mg/L or 2,4-D 2 mg/L, KT1 mg/L and AgNO3 5 mg/L shaking at 100~120 r/min within 10-14 days.

荔枝幼胚诱导的胚性培养物在低糖条件下连续继代4~6次左右，可筛选到颗粒细小、不含原胚的松散型胚性愈伤组织；以这种松散的胚性愈伤组织作为起始材料，在附加2，4-D 2mg/L或2，4-D 2mg/L、KT1 mg/L、AgNO3 5mg/L的MS液体启动培养基上振荡培养（100~120 r/min）10~14 d，即可建立起分散性良好的胚性悬浮细胞系。

First, the thermal resistance of three heat sink related to Re and H / D was obtained separatively, and the average Nusselt number equation of the simulated chip surface under the three heat sinks related to Re and H / D was got separatively by least square method too.

首先，分别获得了这3个热沉的热阻随 Re 数及 H / D 变化的实验数据和对应这3个热沉的模拟芯片表面的平均努塞尔数随 Re 数及 H / D 变化的实验数据；其次，选用合适的函数形式对实验数据采用最小二乘法拟合，得到了此实验条件下关于 Re 、 H / D 及肋片高度 Hf 的准数方程。

The best of them were 4c and 8d which exhibited 87% and 89% inhibition of Penicilium digitatum . And benzothieno[3,2-d]imidazol[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2,5(1H, 3H)-diones or benzothieno[3,2-d][1,2,4]triazol[1,5-a]pyrimidin-10(3H)-one only exhibited moderate inhibition.

而苯并噻吩并[3，2-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮和苯并噻吩并[3，2-d]咪唑并[1，2-a]嘧啶-2，5(1H，3H)-二酮以及苯并噻吩并[3，2-d][1，2，4]三唑[1，5-a]嘧啶-10(3H)-酮衍生物以及三唑醇衍生物均只表现出中等的抑制率。

And benzothieno[3,2-d]imidazol[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2,5(1H, 3H)-diones or benzothieno[3,2-d][1,2,4]triazol[1,5-a]pyrimidin-10(3H)-one only exhibited moderate inhibition.

而苯并噻吩并[3，2-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮和苯并噻吩并[3，2-d]咪唑并[1，2-a]嘧啶-2，5(1H，3H)-二酮以及苯并噻吩并[3，2-d][1，2，4]三唑[1，5-a]嘧啶-10(3H)-酮衍生物以及三唑醇衍生物均只表现出中等的抑制率。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。