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We investigated constituent of triterpenoid saponins ofAlbizzia, two new compounds together with two known compounds were isolated from Albizzia julibrissin Durazz. by using column chromatography (macroreticular resin, silica gel, Sephadex gel, reverse phase silica gel),preparative HPLC methods et al.On the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including IR,ESI-MS,~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR,HMBC,HMQC,~1H-~1HCOSY and chemical methods, the structure of two new compounds were identified as 3 - O -[β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranosyl (1→6)-β- D -2- deoxy - 2 - acetoamidoglucopyranosyl] -21-O-[(6S)-2- trans- 2,6-dimethyl - 6 - O-β- D - quinovopyranosyl -2,7- octadienoyl] - acacic acid- 28 - O-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)[α-L-arabinofuranosyl(1→4)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside acacic acid 3- O -β- D- glucopyranosy(1→3)-β- D- fucopyranosl(1→6) [β-D- xylopyranosyl (1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranoside ;two known compounds were acacic acid lactone 3- O -β-D- xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranosl (1→6)- 2-deoxy -2 -acetoamido -β-D- glucopyranoside ; acacic acid lactone 3- O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L- arabinopyranosl (1→6)- 2- deoxy - 2- acetoamido -β-D-glucopyranoside . The study lays chemical foundation and chemical reference substance for enhancing quality standard of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz.

本研究论文在综述国内外对合欢属Albizzia三萜皂苷化学成分和药理作用研究进展的基础上，利用传统植化分离手段和现代分离技术，包括大孔树脂、硅胶、葡聚糖凝胶、反相硅胶等柱色谱，制备高效液相色谱法等技术从中药合欢皮中分离得到了4个化合物，其中，2个新化合物和2个己知化合物，并进一步通过现代分析技术IR，ESI-MS，~1H-NMR，~(13C-NMR，HMBC，HMQC，~1H-~1HCOSY等和化学方法鉴定了2个新化合物的结构分别是：3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃夫糖基(1→6)-β-D-2-去氧-2-乙酰氨基吡喃葡萄糖基]-21-O-[(6S)-2-反式-2，6-二甲基-6-O-β-D-吡喃鸡纳糖基-2，7-辛二烯酸基]-金合欢酸-28-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基(1→4)[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→3)]-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷，金合欢酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→3)-β-D-吡喃夫糖基(1→6)[β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷；2个已知化合物结构分别是：金和欢酸内酯3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-β-D-吡喃夫糖基(1→6)-β-D-2-去氧-2-乙酰氨基吡喃葡萄糖苷，金和欢酸内酯3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基(1→6)-β-D-2-去氧-2-乙酰氨基吡喃葡萄糖苷。

Results 1 there were no significant differences of amplitude of accommodation and accommodative lag between the myopia group and emmetropia group. The differences of amplitude of accommodation between the myopia group and hyperopia group were significant (t=2.21, P=0.03.05; t=2.83, P=0.006.05). 2 The difference of accommodative lag between the dominant eye (0.73±0.31) D and non-dominant eyes (0.81±0.38) D in myopia group was signiflcant.3 The accommodative lag of dominant eyes was (0.68±0.36) D and it of non-dominant eyes was (0.75±0.34) D, the difference was significant (t=2.06, P=0.042.05, n=95).There was no significant difference between the amplitude of accommodation of dominant eye (12.9±3.09) D and non-dominant eyes (12.6±3.09) D.

结果 近视患儿的主导眼和非主导眼的调节幅度和调节滞后与正视儿童均差异无统计学意义；而其主导眼和非主导眼的调节幅度比远视患儿明显更大(t=2.21， P=0.03.05； t=2.83，P=0.006.05)；两组的调节滞后差异无统计学意义。50例近视患儿主导眼和非主导眼的调节滞后值分别为(0.73±0.31)D和(0.81±0.38)D，主导眼和非主导眼间差异有统计学意义(t=2.14，P＝0.038.05)；调节幅度分别为(13.39±3.51)D和(13.26±0.60)D，差异无统计学意义。95例观察对象的主导眼的调节滞后度为(0.68±0.36)D，非主导眼调节滞后度为(0.75±0.34)D，主导眼和非主导眼间的差异有统计学意义(t=2.06， P=0.042.05)；主导眼调节幅度(12.9±3.09)D，非主导眼为(12.6±3.09)D，差异无统计学意义(t=1.49， P=0.14)。

Isolation, purification and characteristics of D-hydantoinase were carried out. The experiment results showed that the optimal pH and temperature of pure D-hydantoinase were pH 8. 5 and 35℃, respectively. D-hydantoinase activity could be increased significantly by Mn〓 and Fe〓. Substrate specificity of D-hydantoinase on various hydantoin derivatives showed the optimal substrate of D-hydantoinase was 5-phenylhydantoin, but hydantoin, 5-methylthioehylhydantoin, 5-hydroxyphenylhydantoin, 5-methylhydantoin, 5-benzylhydantoin could also be hydrolyzed by D-hydantoinase.

本文还进行了海因酶的分离纯化及性质研究，发现酶的最适反应温度为35℃，最适pH为8.5，金属离子Mn〓和Fe〓能显著提高D-海因酶活力。D-海因酶的特异性实验表明，D-海因酶的最适底物为D，L-苯海因，其次为海因，D，L-对羟基苯海因和D，L-甲硫乙基海因，对D，L-甲基海因和D，L-苯甲基海因也有一定的作用。

D modal tuning: D-A-d-g-a-d' and D-A-d-a-d'-d' Popularised by Davey Graham, who had been inspired by Arabic oud tuning while living in Morocco. D modal tuning D-A-d-g-a-d' is now encountered in Celtic music and contemporary music.

形式调弦D D-A-d-g-a-d' and D-A-d-a-d'-d'由Davey Graham推广起来的调弦，这个调弦是他在摩洛哥时从阿拉伯音乐调弦中得到的灵感，形式和弦D D-A-d-g-a-d'与赛而特音乐及现代音乐中常常可以遇到。

The dissipation factor tip-up D tan d , the change of capacitance D C / C 0, the maximum discharge q max and the mean discharge magnitude q mean , A compared investigation of the correlations between V min , V av and service time were compared with those between D tan d , D C / C 0, q max, q mean and respectively.

对大量的不同运行年数的线棒进行了超声波 V min 和 V av 测量，以及介质损耗角增量 D tan d 、电容变化率 D C / C 0、最大放电量 q max 和平均放电量 q mean 等电气测量试验，对比研究了超声参数( V min 和 V av )和电气测量参数( D tan d 、 D C / C 0、 q max 和 q mean )与运行年数的相关性，发现， V min 和 V av 与的相关性很强，相关系数 R 分别为0.892和0.890，而 D tan d 、 q max 和 q mean 与的相关性较弱， R 在0.55~0.60范围内， D C / C 0与几乎没有相关性， R 仅为0.310；采用线性回归分析，分别建立了 V min 和 V av 与的二阶和三阶线性函数的数学模型， R-S 分别为0.828和0.903，并分别提出了最可靠运行年数和置信度为95％的可靠运行年数的预测方法。

After amputation, the expression of desmin appears first in the distal end epidermis and the peritoneum 4 d PA. The expression in the peritoneum lasts to the 14 d PA when expression of desmin appears in the musculature, while that in the distal end epidermis only lasts to the 8 d PA when the connective tissue below begins to express desmin. Moreover, from the 4 d PA, musculature and epidermis of the tube foot begin to express desmin and the expressions last to the 20 d PA. From 8-14 d PA, musculature of the ambulacral plate expresses myogenin and the peritoneum also expresses myogenin from 14-20 d PA. All these results indicate that precursor cells for muscle regeneration in adult starfish A.rollestoni are mainly from the distal end epidermis and the parietal peritoneum.

创伤后第4 d，顶端表皮层及体腔上皮中首先出现了desmin表达，体腔上皮中desmin的表达一直持续到第14 d，此时其上方的肌肉组织中也出现了desmin表达；而顶端表皮层中desmin的表达仅持续到第8 d，同时其下方的结缔组织也开始表达desmin；此外，从第4 d起，管足肌肉及管足表皮层开始表达myogenin，且该表达一直持续到创伤后的第20 d；而第8 d起，步带板肌肉也出现了myogenin的表达，此表达一直持续到第14 d；从第14 d起，体腔上皮也出现myogenin表达，且一直持续到第20 d。

For assisting identification of crude drug Herba Dendrobii. Methods Morphological and histological studies were carried out on 11 medicinal plant roots in Dendrobium Sw. by microstructural observation. The 11 species were divided into three groups according to their stem morphology: a pair fleshy-stem group, including D. chrysanthum, D. crepidatum, D. primulinum, D. hercoglossum, and D. crystallium; b thick-and rigid-stem group, including D. fimbriatum and D. aurantiacum var. denneanum; c node-or inter- node- bulgy-stem group, including D. findlayanum, D. gratiosissimum, D. pendulum, and D. wardianum. The surface descriptions of velamen were conducted for D. fimbriatum and D. aurantiacum var. denneanum which are similar in characters of cross section.

方法利用形态组织学方法，对茎多肉质的束花石斛Dendrobium chrysanthum及其易混的玫瑰石斛D.crepidatum、报春石斛D.primulinum、重唇石斛D.hercoglossum、晶帽石斛D.crystallium；茎粗硬的流苏石斛D.fimbriatum及其易混的叠鞘石斛D.aurantiacumvar.denneanum；茎节或节间肿胀的棒节石斛D.findlayanum、杯鞘石斛D.gratiosissimum、肿节石斛D.pendulum和大苞鞘石斛D.wardianum共11种药用石斛根进行显微结构研究；对根横切面结构相似的流苏石斛和叠鞘石斛，配合进行了根被表面制片观察。

The method is taken not pregnant estrum and pregnant 1 D, 2 D, 3 D, 4 D in the morning 4, D afternoon 4, the small rat uterus of D midnight, 5 D, 6 D, 7 D, 8 D makes section, with immune organization chemical coloring and image analyse a technology to be to STAT3 inside uterus of early pregnant small rat velar expression undertakes detecting.

方法取未孕动情期及孕1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d上午4、d下午4、d午夜、5 d、6 d、7 d、8 d的小鼠子宫做切片，用免疫组织化学染色和图像分析技术对STAT3在早孕小鼠子宫内膜的表达进行检测。

On the basis of spectral analysis, these compounds were identified as Kaempferol , Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, Quercetin , Quercetin-3-O-β-D-arabinopyranoside, Quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, gallic acid, methyl gallate-4-O-β-D- galactopyranoside, caffeicacid, methyl caffeate, 4-cafeoyl-(3"a, 4"a, 5"β)- trihydroxyquinic acid, 3"-cafeoyl-(3"a, 4"P, 5"P )-trihydroxyquinic acid methyl ester, 5"-cafeoyl-galactonic acid , pumiloside, loganic acid , 5R,6S,7E-megastima-3-on-7-en-9-ol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. 2a, 3β-dihydroxy-oleanoic acid , 2a, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-oleanoic acid, 3a, 6a-dihydroxy-oleanoic acid, 3β-hydroxy-ursoic acid, 2a, 3a, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid , 2a, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid, 2β, 3β, 19a -trihydroxy-ursoic acid, 2a , 3β, 19a -trihydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , 2a. 3a, 19a-trihydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 2a, 3a, 19a, 23-tetrahydroxy-ursoic acid, 1a, 3a, 19a, 23-tetrahydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , 3a, 19a, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid.

从珙桐中分离鉴定得到了28种化合物，它们分别是：山奈酚，3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-山奈酚甙，3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-山奈酚甙，槲皮素，3-O-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-槲皮素甙，3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-槲皮素甙，没食子酸，4-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-没食子酸甲酯，咖啡酸，咖啡酸甲酯，4-咖啡酰基-(3&α，4&α，5&β)-三羟基鸡纳酸，4-咖啡酰基-(3&α，4&β，5&β)-三羟基鸡纳酸甲酯，5'-咖啡酰基-半乳糖酸，pumiloside，loganic acid，5R，6S，7E-megastima-3-on-7-en-9-ol9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，2α，3β-二羟基齐墩果酸，2α，3β，23-三羟基齐墩果酸，3α，6α-二羟基齐墩果酸，3β-羟基熊果酸，2α，3α，23-三羟基熊果酸，2α，3β，23-三羟基熊果酸，2β，3β，19α-三羟基熊果酸，2β，3β，19α-三羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙，2α，3α，19α-三羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甙，2α，3α，19α，23-四羟基熊果酸，2α，3α，19α，23-四羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甙，3α，19α，23-三羟基熊果酸。

Itamin D from the skin and diet is metabolized in the lier to 25-hydroxyitamin D (Figure 1), which is used to determine a patient's itamin D status1,2,3,4; 25-hydroxyitamin D is metabolized in the kidneys by the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-1-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to its actie form, 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D.1,2,3,4 The renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D is tightly regulated by plasma parathyroid hormone leels and serum calcium and phosphorus leels.1,2,3,4 Fibroblast growth factor 23, secreted from the bone, causes the sodium–phosphate cotransporter to be internalized by the cells of the kidney and small intestine and also suppresses 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D synthesis.5 The efficiency of the absorption of renal calcium and of intestinal calcium and phosphorus is increased in the presence of 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D (Figure 1).2,3,6 It also induces the expression of the enzyme 25-hydroxyitamin D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24), which catabolizes both 25-hydroxyitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyitamin D into biologically inactie, water-soluble calcitroic acid.2,3,4

从皮肤和食物来的维生素D在肝中代谢为25-羟基维生素D（图1），被用来决定病人体内维生素D情况的1，2，3，4；25-羟基维生素D在肾中被25-羟基维生素D1羟化酶（CYP27B1）转变为有活性的1，25-二羟基维生素D 。1，2，3，4由肾产生1，25-二羟基维生素D是被血浆甲状旁腺激素和血清钙，磷水平紧密调节。1，2，3，4由骨分泌的成纤维细胞生长因子23使钠磷协同转运蛋白被肾和小肠细胞内化及抑制1，25-二羟维生素D合成。5 在1，25-二羟基维生素D作用下肾和小肠吸收钙及磷的效率增高(图1)。2，3，6 它也包括25-羟四- 24 -羟化酶的表达(CYP24)，且将1，25二羟基维生素D和25羟基维生素D异化成无生物活性，水溶性的维生素D3-23羧酸。2，3，4

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷