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In this paper a mathematic model and a computer program are compiled, that can be used to calculate the thermodynamic process, heat transfer of cylinder periphery and exhaust duct of cylinder head for direct injection diesel engines.

采用解析法处理气缸周壁传热，特别是应用二维解析法建立活塞顶传热，将气缸周璧传热计算与柴油机气缸内热力过程计算相结合，互为边界条件，因此能模拟计算绝热机工作过程。

The M.E. No.6 cyl. exhaust valve head was found broken and fell into the cylinder and thus the cylinder head was seriously damaged, the cyl. liner top pitted and the piston top pierced.

凹痕，成麻点状 pitted 如：主机第 6 缸排气阀头破裂，跌落到汽缸内，造成汽缸头严重损坏，汽缸套顶部呈凹痕，活塞顶部被刺穿。

The M.E. No.6 cyl. exhaust valve head was found broken and fell into the cylinder and thus the cylinder head was seriously damaged, the cyl. liner top pitted and the piston top pierced.

凹痕， pitted 凹痕，成麻点状如：主机第 6 缸排气阀头破裂，跌落到汽缸内，造成汽缸头严重损坏，汽缸套顶部呈凹痕凹痕，凹痕活塞顶部被刺穿。

The fiats are attached to a steel cylinder or to an endless belt that rotates over the top portion of the cylinder.

有的盖板则固定在锡林上；有的被固定在一个环状的带子上，带子沿锡林上方回转。

The fiats are attached to a steel cylinder or to an endless belt that rotates over the top portion of the cylinder.

这一点是世界经济防线转移、国际事务中心回归原点的必然结果。

The simulation results of the cylinder-block model were given in the article, consistent with that of Middlemen"s. It was shown that the block part could improve the uniformity of the flow distribution. The analysis of the flow field of some materials with different power-law factor in the die designed by Mckelvey was close to that of Mckelvey"s. It was shown that the flow distribution was uniform in the die that can producesheets with 1200mm in width. During the analysis the flow channel was divided into several parts to get the details about the fluid flow in each area. A conclusion was drawn after analyzing the influence of the die pressure on the flow distribution, that the higher pressure is good for the output and bad for the uniformity of the distribution. Simulation of the die applying the cylindrical main runner showed the fact that when the cylinder replaced the cone the change of uniformity was trivial. The uniformity of the non-block flow channel was so poor that the block in the proper position of the die channel was necessary. The project of the die for the wider sheet was put forth, and the analysis of the fluid flow in the die was shown.

本文模拟了圆柱管缝隙流模型的三维流动场，得到了与Middlemen结论一致的流动均匀性，并通过模拟直观地展示了采用阻尼块可以改善挤出均匀性的现象；分析了多种幂率指数的流体在Mckelvey等人设计的流道模型中的流动分布，得到了与Mckelvey的分析结果接近的压力降和流量偏差；本文建立了1200mm幅宽机头流道的三维有限元模型，并逐个分析各个区域和多个截面的流动分布状况，由此揭示了1200mm幅宽L-型机头流道内的流北京化工大学硕士学位论文动分布基本均匀，并在分析了机头压力对于挤出流动分布的影响后得出结论：较高的机头压力可以获得较大的产量，但是不利于物料均匀分布；模拟了采用圆柱管主流道时机头流道内的流动分布，得出结论：主流道由圆锥管改为圆柱管时对流动均匀性影响不大，通过设置适当的阻尼仍然可以达到挤出平衡；模拟了两端进料式圆柱管无阻尼流道的流动均匀性后得到结论：两端进料式无阻尼结构的流动均匀性较差，宽机头中仍然有必要设置阻尼块；确定宽幅机头流道的基本方案，并设计了一种宽幅防水卷材挤出机头流道的结构，通过流动模拟表明该种结构的流动均匀性较好；考察了宽幅机头对于不同厚度片材的挤出适应性，得到结论：当生产不同厚度的片材时，阻尼块高度需要调整。

Finally, according to the researches of flume experiment and numerical simulation, the article puts forward a new method of flow rate calculation for the circular and pier shaped cylinder measuring flumes, which is much more application, and can meet the need of the free outflow and submerged discharge, meanwhile it analyses the precision of the new method, and provides the theory for the broad application of the circular and pier shaped cylinder measuring flumes.

最后，根据水槽试验和数值模拟研究成果，建立一套适用范围较广的、能满足自由出流和淹没出流需要的圆柱形和桥墩形量水槽的测流计算方法，并对方法的精度进行分析，为圆柱形和桥墩形量水槽的广泛应用提供理论基础。

Furthermore, using standard k-ε double equation turbulence model, it simulates the three-dimensional water movement of the circular and pier shaped cylinder measuring flumes, and makes researches on the discharge coefficient of the cylinder measuring flumes in the larger range.

用标准κ-ε双方程紊流模型，数值模拟圆柱形和桥墩形量水槽三维水流运动，在更大的范围内研究圆柱形和桥墩形量水槽流量系数的变化规律。

Core machine came from German Lampe F40 digital control hot core machine, F40 digital control cold core machine suitable for all kinds of core making of cylinder block, cylinder cap, fly wheel and exhaust manifold.

另有两条机械化造型线，4条铸件清理线，一条每小时18根悬挂式曲轴热处理生产线，并有若干台大型除尘设备。

Power will come from both four-cylinder and six-cylinder engines and both petrol and diesel will be available.

电力都将来自四缸和六缸发动机，汽油和柴油都可以。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。