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The eight major research topics are :①understanding coremantle processes, by deep drilling into a large oceanic plateau in the Western Pacific;②detailed investigation of material circulation during greenhouse Earth, and the transition process from greenhouse to icehouse environments, by drilling Cretaceous to Cenozoic sediments in the Pacific,③understanding the process of continental crust formation by deep drilling into oceanic arc,④Understanding the process of oceanic lithosphere formation by deep drilling of the back arc spreading system,⑤understanding of continentoceanatmosphere linkage, by drilling in the marginal seas and continental slopes of Asia,⑥investigation of the carbon cycle and the deep biosphere in accretionary prisms,⑦investigation of the mechanism and cycles of great earthquakes, tectonics, and mass circulation in convergent plate margins,and ⑧biology of extreme microorganisms living in deep accretionary prism environment.Keywords : Japan IODP Drilling Scientific goals.

其八项研究目标为：①钻探西太平洋洋底高原，认识核—幔作用过程；②钻探太平洋白垩纪—新生代沉积物，详细研究地球温室期间的物质循环及从温室环境到冰室环境的转化过程；③钻探大洋岛弧，认识大陆地壳形成过程；④钻探扩张的弧后，认识洋壳岩石圈形成过程；⑤钻探亚洲边缘海及陆坡，认识陆壳—洋壳—大气圈关系；⑥调查增生楔中的碳循环及深部生物圈；⑦调查汇聚板块边缘大地震周期及形成机制、构造及物质循环；⑧研究生活于增生楔环境中极端微生物生物学。

Properties of ideal gas and vapor, analysis for thermal process and cycles.

学的抽象、简化、分析的能力，解决工程上热能利用的简单问题。

When the stress/strain induced by the gradient during temperature cycles needs to be known, the temperature changes inconsistently, and has gradient in space.

需要知道温度变化过程中由于温度梯度产生的应力、应变时，认为温度场是瞬态的，在空间上存在梯度。

Polyringlpyrrolidoneas a viscosity increaser is used to adjust the viscosity of the sols.When the molar ratio of PVP:Al(OC_3H_7)is up to 1:1,the viscosity of the PVP assisted sol increases from 2.3 to 31.5 mPa·s,and homogeneous,uniform and crack-free 1 mol%Er~(3+)-10 mol%Yb~(3+)codoped Al_2O_3 thin films with the thickness of 1.6μm are formed by 10 dipping and drying cycles sintered at 1000℃.

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为增粘剂，调节DCPA改性溶胶的粘度，PVP(K-90)：Al_3的摩尔比为1：1时，溶胶粘度由原始溶胶的2.3增加到含PVP溶胶的31.5mPa·s，仅经过10次循环提拉、干燥，1000℃烧结，制备出表面均匀完整，无开裂厚度约为1.6μm的1 mol%Er~(3+)-10 mol%Yb~(3+)共掺杂Al_2O_3薄膜。

The influence of indentor radius on the plastic deformation has been discussed and some important results are as follows:(1) The influence of the ratio of ceramic coating thickness to indentor radius on the failure of coating, plastic deformation of substrate and crack propagation are obvious.(2)The propagation of crack in ceramic coating is assumes to be of semi-elliptical shape under normal contact with a rigid sphere.(3)Fatigue life of ceramic coating is mainly decided by substrate and load, the lower substrate elastic moduli and load, the more cycles of fatigue.

分析了压头半径对塑性变形的影响，模拟结果表明；(1)陶瓷涂层厚度和压头半径之比对涂层失效、基体塑性变形及裂纹的形成有显著影响；(2)在刚性球压头静态挤压条件下，陶瓷涂层中的预制裂纹按照椭圆形裂纹规律扩展；(3)陶瓷涂层的疲劳寿命与基体和载荷有很大关系，基体弹性模量越小，疲劳寿命延长。

It is important that the selected shared memory supports the RMW cycle on the bus and guarantee the indivisibility of such cycles.

共享内存支持RMW周期是很重要的，并且保证每个周期的完整性。

If they are too large, the cooling unit cycles on and off and operates inefficiently.

如空调太大，制冷器就会不停运作。

Recession cycles are thought to be a normal part of living in a world of inexact balances between supply and demand.

衰退周期被认为是一种正常的一部分，生活在一个世界的不确定性之间取得平衡供应和需求。

In a number of cycles the Fed held back from tightening because of concern over high unemployment; and when it did tighten, it stopped too soon to stem an inflationary spiral because of political pressure both from Congress and the Johnson and Nixon administrations.

在多个经济周期中，由于担心失业率高企，美联储迟迟没有收紧货币政策。等到其收紧货币政策时，迫于国会和政府的政治压力，美联储又过早结束了这种政策，以致未能阻止通胀的螺旋式攀升。

Canine comfort is not so much a factor due to the infrequency of heat cycles.

所以我也不同意绝育后放归，这是和我门的社会环境有关系。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失