查询词典 cuticle

In this project, the microstructures of a kind of green chafer cuticle are observed with a scanning electron microscope and other microscopic instruments. The results of the observations show that the basic microstructural characteristic of the cuticle is similar to man-made fiber-reinforced composite, the laminated chitin fibers embedded in protein matrix provide the strength and toughness of the cuticle.

本项目利用扫描电镜等细观仪器设备对绿金龟子外甲壳进行细观观察，发现其基本结构特征类似于人工合成纤维增强复合材料，其几丁质纤维以层状的形式埋设在蛋白质基体中起增强的作用。

The skin on the cuticle cell respiration is carried out in the gap, but also through the cuticle, pores and sebaceous glands absorb water and nutrients, in the hot weather, sweat and oil secretions greatly increased, together with the air of dust, pores are particularly vulnerable to the accumulation of dirt, if unable to do a good job of deep cleaning work, dead skin cells would be unable to come off naturally, resulting in the skin surface area of thick, so not only can not make your skin smooth breathing, even hinder the absorption of skin care ingredients, direct affect the quality of the skin, so deep cleansing and exfoliating the effort will have to work.

关于角质层皮肤细胞呼吸进行的差距，而且还通过角质层，毛孔和皮脂腺吸收水分和养分，在炎热的天气，汗水，油脂分泌大大增加，与空气中的灰尘一起，毛孔特别容易积聚污垢，如果无法做好深层清洁工作做好，死皮细胞将无法自然脱落，在厚厚的，所以不但不能使你的皮肤光滑皮肤的呼吸表面积结果，甚至阻碍护肤成份的吸收，直接影响皮肤的质量，使深层清洁与去角质的努力将不得不工作。

Several inducers cicada exuviae, colloidal chitin, horsefly cuticle, shrimp, maggot and silkworm chrysalis were compared with their effects on production of cuticle-degrading protease of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae.

研究了不同碳氮源对金龟子绿僵菌产生与分解昆虫外壳相关的蛋白酶活性和同工酶谱带的影响。结果表明：蝉蜕、虻虫壳、蝇蛆壳、蚕蛹壳、虾壳、胶体几丁质均可使金龟子绿僵菌产生蛋白酶，虾壳和胶体几丁质所产生的蛋白酶比活性最高，蝉蜕次之。

Antibacterial function of body wall was conducted by the following way: microorganism was directly resisted through the change of cuticle, such as incrassation of up-cuticle protuberance and increasing length of micro-floccus in the up-cuticle dissociation surface; exudation function of large granular orthochromatic mucous cells and reticulation mucous cells in the epidermis could be enhanced when the Eisenia fetida was induced by E. coli. Moreover, the mucus that contained compound substance of mucopolysaccharide and protein could make the bactericidal function or dilute the microorganism on the surface of earthworm, which could protect earthworm from invasion of microorganism; the content of neutral mucopolysaccharide of antibacterial function could be increased according with the exudation increment of small granular proteinaceous cells in the epidermis, which could resist bacteria invading into the epidermis of earthworm.

结果表明：蚯蚓的体壁主要是通过以下途径来抗细菌的侵袭：一是通过角质层的变化(如上胶层突起的增厚、上角层游离面中微绒毛的变长等)直接抵抗微生物的入侵；二是增加表皮中大颗粒粘液细胞和网状细胞的分泌功能，分泌出大量含有粘多糖蛋白液体复合物的粘液，在蚯蚓体表对细菌进行稀释或者起到直接杀菌的作用；三是通过增加小颗粒蛋白细胞的分泌作用，在蚯蚓的表皮中分泌出更多的抵抗疾病的中性粘多糖，从而抵抗进入蚯蚓体表内的细菌。

We isolated nine cuticle protein genes, two peptidase genes, and various tubulin isotypes through the EST catalog, and one cuticle protein gene and two protease genes through the microarray analysis.

我们经由EST资料库找到9个表皮蛋白基因，2个胜肽脢基因，和多种的同功型微管蛋白，以及利用微阵列分析找到1个表皮蛋白基因和2个蛋白脢基因。

The result showed that the imbricative cuticle scales arranged irregularly with different distance and irregular orientation. There were overlapping of cuticle cells, smoothing of the zigzag appearance of their edges, local denudation and attached debris.

观察结果表明：矿工头发超微结构的变化主要表现为毛小皮鳞片排列疏密不均，毛小皮间的间距有宽有窄、走向不甚规则；观察到有数个毛小皮细胞相互重叠，游离缘锯齿状变得较为平滑，局部出现片层脱落及在毛干表面附着一些碎片。

Based upon the ecoanatomical method, leaf anatomical characters of eleven populations of six evergreen species (Cyclobalanopsis glauca, C. myrsinaefolia, C. gracilis, Castanopsis sclerophylla, C. eyrei and Lithocarpus glaber) from the eastern subtropical area of China were analyzed and compared with SPSS, DCA and TWINSPAN. The results are: 1. Although the leaf structures of the eleven populations still belong to the mesophyll type, they all express the trend of xerophilization. 2. There are some differences in leaf anatomical characters among populations, species and genera, which occur as the results of their adaptation to different habitats. 3. Different leaf anatomical characters have different variations among populations, species and genera, of which leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness (considered as ecological adaptation characters) have greater variation than sponge tissue thickness, lower cuticle thickness and lower epidermis thickness (as systematical evolution characters). 4. The leaves of C. sclerophylla and C. glauca with thicker lamina, palisade tissue and cuticle (a multilayered upper epidermis in C. sclerophylla) are thought to better adapt to their dry habitat. The leaves of C. eyrei with thicker sponge tissue, although characterized by a multlayered upper epidermis, adapt to their humid and warm habitat. The leaves of C. myrsinaefolia and C. gracilis characterized by a thinner lamina, a less palisade tissue and a moderate cuticle thickness adapt to the humid and cool habitat in a middle mountain.

选取亚热带东部替代分布明显的壳斗科6种常绿树种（青冈、小叶青冈、细叶青冈、苦槠、甜槠和石栎）的11个种群叶片进行生态解剖，并用SPSS， DCA和TWINSPAN比较分析，结果表明：①尽管6种11个种群叶的结构仍属中生叶型，但有着不同程度的趋旱适应；②叶的解剖性状在属间、种间和种群间均存在着不同程度的差异，这是它们适应各自生境的结果，青冈和石栎的种内差异较大，反映出它们对环境变化有较强响应能力；③叶片的不同解剖性状在属、种类和种群间的变化并不同步，其中叶片和栅栏组织厚度等性状差异突出，反映它们更易受环境的饰变，是生态适应性状，而海绵组织、下角质膜，特别是下表皮厚度等性状差异较小，显示出这些性状的稳定性，可以认为是系统演化性状；④苦槠、青冈具有较厚的叶片、栅栏组织、角质膜和发达输导和机械组织，苦槠还具有复表皮，表现出对旱化生境的适应；甜槠尽管具有复表皮和较厚的叶片，但这是海绵组织增厚的结果，是对中生生境的适应；小叶青冈和细叶青冈具有较薄的叶片和栅栏组织、角质膜厚度居中等特点，可能是对中山凉湿生境的适应。

The result showed that, the body wall most outer layer cuticle assumesthe translucent porodine, the surrounding entire body wall; Close isconnected with the cuticle 表皮层 for 合胞体 the structure, inthe back, the abdomen and its two sides separately adds thick to inprominent Cheng Jizhuang, separately contains the back side,腹侧the nerve and compares to the developed back, the abdomen nerve; Themyo- position to the body wall most inner layer, has the muscle cellto arrange becomes; Between the body wall and the digestive tractcavity is a body cavity; Digestive tract for 肌质 structure, afterinference for roundworm's esophagus.

结果显示，体壁最外层的角质层呈半透明的胶状，包围整个体壁；与角质层紧密相连的表皮层为为合胞体构造，在背、腹及其两个侧面分别加厚向内突出成脊状，分别包含背侧、腹侧神经和相比对发达的背、腹神经；肌层位于体壁最内层，有肌细胞排列而成；体壁与消化道之间的空腔为体腔；消化道为肌质结构，经推断为蛔虫的食道。

In this paper, changes of cuticle layer and epicuticle structure after stretching or stretching—setting treatment of wool and hair fiber are also analyzed by means of cuticle superficial structure observation through SEM, A1l w〓rden reaction, all amino-acid analysis and infrared spectrum studying, and on this account, inquiring firstly into the mechanism of modification of wool and hair fiber by stretching.

本论文通过电镜观察鳞片层结构、阿尔瓦登反应、氨基酸含量分析及红外光谱研究等方法分析了拉伸及拉伸—定型处理后鳞片层及鳞片表层结构的变化，并以此为主要切入点，创意性地探讨了毛发拉伸改性机理。

Combined with the test of All〓wden reaction and observation with SEM, the data have proved that protease SZ can digest the protein of epicuticle and then hydrolyzed the cuticle of wool, while the other proteases have no this distinctive effects, although they can confer wool bigger weight loss too. As protease SZ can digest the epicuticle and cuticle, the wool can be confered excellent antifelting property with low tenacity and elongation loss.

本文结合羊毛的阿尔瓦登反应和电镜观察，证明了绝大部分酶制剂由于不具有对羊毛鳞片表层蛋白的水解特性，因而处理后的羊毛不具有良好的防毡缩性能，而SZ酶却可对羊毛鳞片表层蛋白进行水解，进而可以对羊毛的鳞片进行有效的减量改性，使羊毛获得优良的防毡缩性能。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷