查询词典 cultivars

Result showed that the 24 cultivars could be classified into 5 groups. The first group included 14 cultivars: Rosa "Belami"s"、Rosa "First White"、Rosa "Jubilation"、Rosa "Shuo"、Rosa "Cara Mia"、Rosa "Minor"、Rosa "Sonia Meilland"、Rosa "Grandy Masterpiece"、Rosa "Charles Mallerin"、Rosa "Cherry Brandy"、Rosa "Hiogi"、Rosa "Acrobatics"、Rosa "Lady Meillandina" and Rosa "Kardinal". The second group included 4 cultivars: Rosa "Xanadu"、Rosa "Flower Fair"、Rosa "Reading Desk"、and Rosa "West". The third group included 2 cultivars: Rosa "Red hat" and Rosa "Sohloss Manhieim". The forth group included 2 cultivars: Rosa "Purple Time" and Rosa "Sunny Girl". The fifth group included 2 cultivars: Rosa "Kent" and Rosa "Red Meidiland.

然后以主成分分析和R型聚类分析以后筛选出的主要性状为指标进行了Q型聚类分析，结果显示，24个品种可以分为五大类型：第一类型包括第一白、红衣主教、贝拉米、卡拉米亚、朱王、索尼亚、大杰作、黑王、黑旋风、樱桃白兰地、米衣、米兰夫人、绯扇、杂技表演14个品种；第二类型包括花仙、西方大地、读书台和华夏4个品种；第三类型包括曼海姆和红帽子2个品种；第四类型包括紫色时代和太阳姑娘2个品种；第五类型包括肯特和红梅郎2个品种。

Among them, 16 cultivars were moderately or higher resistant to potato late blight, 28 cultivars were moderately or higher resistant to potato late blight, 28 cultivars were moderately susceptible or less than that, and 4 cultivars had different resistant due to different altitude, accounting for 33.3%, 58.34%,and 8.33% among tested cultivars, respectively.

抗性表现为中抗以上的品种有16个，占总参试品种的33.33%，中感以下的品种有28个，占总参试品种的58.34%；其中有4个品种的抗性表现因海拔高度的不同而表现出差异，占总参试品种的8.33%。

The RAPD was used to study the genetic diversity of 19 KinXin series potato cultivars. The result showed that 52 RAPD bands were amplified using 7 primer, among them 43 bands were polymorphic, and 4~9 bands were amplified in each lane. The RAPD analysis indicated that the genetic distance of 19 potato cultivars was between 0.17~0.72, average value was 0.39. When all of the polymorphic bands were analysed by cluster analysis, 19 potato cultivars were classified into 3 groups. The analysis showed that there existed close sibship among the majority of potato cultivars, and the genetic distance between the minority cultivars and the others is longer, which indicate that the genetic basis of KeXin series potato cultivars is wide.

利用RAPD标记技术对19份克新系列马铃薯品种进行了遗传多样性分析，分别提取19份马铃薯品种的DNA，进行随机引物多态性扩增，从1000条随机引物中初步筛选出7条有多态性的引物进行详细研究，每条RAPD引物扩增出4~9条带，共获得52条带，其中多态性条带为43条；19份马铃薯品种的遗传距离介于0.17~0.72之间，平均值为0.39，平均遗传距离介于0.31~0.51之间；聚类分析结果在GS=0.53处可将克新系列马铃薯品种划分为三类，聚类结果与系谱分析基本相符，同时也说明克新系列马铃薯的遗传基础有所拓宽。

The results above showed:(1) The cultivars of large-flowered chrysanthemum are widely distributed in Beijing area with plentiful floral types and floral colors;(2) The cultivars with the rare types and colors are urgent for protection;(3) Most of the quantitative characters obeys to the normal distribution,some important traits agreed with skewed distribution.The probability grading can assist quantitative character in establishing new grading standards;(4) Most of qualitative characters is asymmetrical in cultivars,which might be caused by unbalanced differentiation of characters or linkages coming from emphasis characters selection;(5) The floral characters are relatively stable and have comparably large influence on classification,the characters of stipule also have a certain degree of stability and can act as an reasonable supplement for cultivars classification,but the foliar characters have worse stability and can only be recognized as lower level criterion.(6) The genetic relationship among the Flat-petaled group,the Quilled-petal group and the Spoon-petaled group are closest,which followed by the Filiform-petal group because of long-term selection pressure for the specialization of the petal tip loved by most people.The Anemone-petal group has further genetic relationship with these four groups.(7) ISSR molecular marker detection indicates that the proportion of polymorphic loci of lardge-flowered chrysanthemum is higher,in which the Flat-petaled group has the highest genetic diversity level.

综合以上的研究结果表明：(1)北京地区现有大量大菊品种，且花型与花色较为丰富；(2)珍稀花型、花色品种亟需保护；(3)大部分数量性状是符合正态分布的，少数重点观赏性状迫于选择压力呈现偏态分布，概率分级法能够辅助大菊的数量性状建立新的分级标准；(4)大部分质量性状在品种群内的分布是不均匀的，可能是由菊花性状遗传分化的不均衡性或受到选育重点性状的连锁作用而造成的；(5)大菊花部性状相对稳定，对品种分类影响较大，其托叶部分也具有一定程度的稳定性，可以作为品种分类的合理补充，而叶部性状稳定性较差，在品种分类中应作为更次一级的分类依据；(6)平瓣类、管瓣类和匙瓣类的亲缘关系最近，畸瓣类品种花瓣先端特化受到人们的喜爱，长期的选择压力使其区别于3种基本瓣型，而这四种瓣型与桂瓣类在亲缘关系上较远；(7)ISSR分子标记检测表明：大菊品种多态性位点百分率较高，平瓣类品种的遗传分化最为丰富。

Seven grapevine cultivars originated from different regions, i. e.'Carbernet Sauvignon' and'Queen of Vineyard'(two members of the Western Europe Cultivars Group),'Rizamat'(a member of the East Cultivars Group),'Red Double Taste'(a hybridized cultivar from Vitis vinifera L. and V. labrusca L.),'1103Paulsen','Red Globe'and 'Autumn Royal'(two new hybridized cultivars between cultivars groups which were warmly planted in recent years) were selected. After different drought stress, a combined measurement of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence was conducted to evaluate the effects of drought stress to photoinhibition, as well as the role of photorespiration and xanthophyll cycle in photoprotective mechanism. After photorespiration and xanthophyll cycle were separately inhibited, the complementary effect of these two photoprotective pathways was discussed. Detached leaves of different grapevine cultivars, i. e.'Cabernet Sauvignon','Cabernet Franc','Merlot', and a rootstock,'1103Paulsen'were selected as materials, and photoinhibition degree, photorespiration activity as well as its photoprotective function under drought stress were studied. The results are as follows: 1. Under the same drought stress treatment, different photoinhibition degrees formed in different grapevine cultivars.

本研究选择不同起源地的葡萄品种－－包括西欧品种群的赤霞珠和葡萄园皇后、东方品种群的里扎马特、欧美杂种红双味、美洲种砧木1103Paulsen，以及近年来发展较快的品种群间杂交新品种红地球和皇家秋天等七个品种盆栽苗，在进行不同程度的干旱胁迫处理后，利用气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数同步测定的方法，研究干旱对其光抑制程度的影响，以及光呼吸和叶黄素循环组分在其光保护中的作用；并在分别抑制光呼吸和叶黄素循环的基础上，探讨了赤霞珠葡萄两种光保护机制的互补效应；同时选择不同的酿酒葡萄品种赤霞珠、品丽珠、梅鹿辄和砧木1103Paulsen的叶片，研究其离体干旱条件下光抑制程度、光呼吸活性及其光保护作用，结果发现： 1。

As to'Cabemet Sauvignon'and'Queen of Vineyard', which belong to the'West Europe Cultivars Group', no obvious decline of Fv/Fm was found in their potted plants even under severe drought stress. Their photosynthetic abilities also greatly recovered after rewatering, i. e. no serious photodamage was formed in these cultivars under drought stress. Between them, the φPSⅡ of 'Queen of Vineyard'under severe drought stress was much lower than that of'Cabernet Sauvignon', which suggested that the light use efficiency of the former was much lower than the latter under severe drought stress. The potted plants of'Autumn Royal'and'Rizamat' sustained high Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ before moderate drought stress, but seriously declined under severe drought stress, which indicated that these cultivars had a weak resistant ability to extreme drought stress. A hybridized cultivar of Vitis vinifera L. and V. labrusca L.,'Red Double Taste', its Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ expressed mild decline along drought stress grade.φPSⅡ of'Red Double Taste'was the highest among seven cultivars under severe drought stress condition, which might closely connected with its high photorespiration activity. Another new cultivar,'Red Globe', and a rootstock,'1103Paulsen', the Fv/Fm and φPSⅡ of their potted plants declined markedly under slight drought stress, which suggested that they held a weak ability to defend against photoinhibition.

西欧品种群的赤霞珠和葡萄园皇后，其盆栽苗的Fv／Fm直到重度干旱胁迫下仍没有明显的降低，且复水后光合能力恢复程度较高，即干旱没有给这两个品种造成严重的光破坏，而两个品种之间，葡萄园皇后在重度干旱胁迫下的φPSⅡ明显低于赤霞珠，说明其光合器官在严重干旱胁迫时对光能的利用率较差；新品种皇家秋天和东方品种群的里扎马特在中度干旱胁迫下仍可维持较高的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ，但在重度干旱胁迫下则降低幅度较大，说明其抵御极端干旱胁迫的能力较差；欧美杂种红双味的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ随着干旱胁迫程度的增加呈现平缓的下降趋势，而且其φPSⅡ在重度干旱胁迫下是七个品种中最高的，这应该与其此时仍维持较强的光呼吸活性有关；红地球和砧木1103Paulsen的Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ在轻度干旱胁迫下就明显下降，表明干旱条件下其抵御光抑制的能力较差。

The experiment showed: 1PER, EST and AMY were polymorphic, meanwhile the isozymic chromatograph could identify the cultivars in this study; 2Two multifoliolate cultivars had specific isozyme loci PER-4, and the level of PER activity of the internal cultivars was higher than the external cultivars; 3 Genetic similarity and euclidean coefficient between the cultivars were 0.826-0.952, 0.500-1.118, between the multifoliolate cultivars were 0.904, 0.500; 4 Multifoliolate cultivares were classified for one type, and others for two other types.

结果表明：1测定的5种同工酶中过氧化物酶、酯酶、淀粉酶具有多态性，综合此3种酶酶谱可以鉴定供试的7个品种；22个多叶型品种具有一共同特征酶带PER-4，国内品种的过氧化物酶活性明显高于国外品种；3品种间的遗传一致度为0.826～0.952，欧氏遗传距离为0.500～1.118，多叶型品种间遗传一致度为0.904，欧氏遗传距离为0.500；4等级聚类分析结果为，以欧氏遗传距离0.400为分界，供试品种分为3类，2个多叶型品种为一类，其余的5种三叶型品种分为另两类。

Results showed that contents of IAA and ABA in peduncle, bourse and the tissues around abscission zone among several cultivars were very different, but their trend of change was similar, IAA content decreased and ABA content increased toward harvest time for all the cultivars. Ethylene evolution in fruit of the cultivars with higher preharvest drop was evidently higher than the cultivars with less preharvest drop. Cellulase activity in the tissues around abscission zone of the cultixars with higher prehanest drop rapidly increased toward harvest time.

结果表明：不同品种果柄、果台和离层部位组织中IAA和ABA含量变化有差异，但它们变化的总趋势相似，都是随着果实成熟IAA含量下降，而ABA含量上升；不同品种的成熟果实中乙烯发生量有很大差异，以落果多的品种显著大于落果少的品种；采前落果重的品种离层部位组织中细胞壁分解酶的活性在果实成熟期急剧增加。

The results were showed that a high genetic diversity was observed using these molecular markers. Fifty-four Japanese plum cultivars were classified five groups from the dendrogram. The majority of cultivars of northern areas in China were clustered together, and cultivars of southern areas in China were clustered together. Therefore, the Japanese plum cultivars in China could be classified two groups: northern cultivars group and southern cultivars group.

结果表明：中国李品种间遗传相似系数较低，平均为0.451，从分子水平证明了我国中国李品种的遗传多样性很高；将供试中国李品种分为五类，其中第一类是原产我国北方地区的一些品种，第二是原产我国南方地区的一些品种；第三类是从国外引进的品种，并提出了将我国的中国李品种分为北方品种群和南方品种群观点。

In order to present the quality index of assistant selection for the improvement of specific cultivars with high quality for pan bread, steamed bread and white salted noodle in Xinjiang winter wheat breeding programe, in this study, 30 winter wheat cultivars, including bred cultivars in Xinjiang, and introduced cultivars collected from overseas and other provinces in China, were used to investigate the relationship between qulity traits and processing quality of pan bread, steamed bread and noodle.

为了给优质面包、馒头、面条专用品种选育提供品质辅助选择指标，以30份新疆冬小麦品种（包括自育品种和引进品种）为材料，分析了新疆冬小麦品种品质性状与面包、馒头、面条加工品质的关系。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷