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Based on the detailed contrast between the chondrite normalized REE patterns and REE geochemical evolution law, this paper proves that the ore bearing fluid for the Carlin type gold deposits in the area mainly originates from the upper mantle differentiation , and that the crust matter partly contaminates the plutonic ore bearing fluid during moving from mantle to crust.

通过稀土元素配分模式的详细对比和地球化学演化规律的研究，论证了滇黔桂地区金矿的成矿物质主要来源于上地幔分异，但深部成矿流体在运移至地壳的成矿过程中不可避免地混染了部分地壳物质，从而在一定程度上掩盖了成矿物质的实质来

However, the Nb/Ta ratios lower than chondrite value (～17) in eclogites are inconsistent with previously proposed Nb/Ta high in subducted oceanic crust to complement the mass balance of Nb and Ta in the evolution of continental crust.

柴北缘沙柳河、鱼卡河、锡铁山和胜利口的榴辉岩类样品的地球化学分析显示它们的原岩的主体是与洋壳有关的火山岩，其中包括岛弧拉斑玄武岩、洋岛火。。。

Lava from the earth's crust deep place, because the earth's crust deep place's temperature is extremely high, the lava by the volcano rock magma's shape existence, along with the volcanic eruption, the rock magma also spouts the surface along with it, meets the water or the low temperature starts to congeal, because the congealment process air entry, turned solid the rock magma to form the massive air bubbles gradually in the interior, coagulated after completely, has formed the structure unique lava.

火山石来自地壳深处，由于地壳深处的温度极高，火山石以火山岩浆的形态存在，随着火山喷发，岩浆也随之喷出地表，遇到水或低温开始凝结，凝结的过程由于空气的进入，逐渐变成固体的岩浆在内部形成了大量的气泡，完全凝固后就形成了构造独特的火山石。

Being controlled by the rheology of the lower crust, erosion may level off the topography, and can break the balance of kinetics and thermodynamics inside of the crust therefore rebuild the structure and component of the curst. the uplift process of the mountains is then enhanced; we believe that the rate of the exhumation is controlled by both the uplift of orogen and the outer spheres of the earth.

在下地壳物质层流变作用机制的调节下，地表剥蚀作用并不仅仅是传统意义上地表夷平的因素，它还能打破地壳动力学和热力学平衡，引起地壳内物质和结构的重置，进而促成山脉的加剧隆升；地表剥蚀作用的强度既受控于造山带的抬升，也受制于地球外圈层。

While (superscript 4) He is the decay product of uranium and thorium, mainly concentrated in the continental crust, and is approximately proportional to the heat flux of crust.

由於铀、钍元素在大陆地壳中富集，(上标 4) He通量与地壳热流呈正相关关系；同时(上标 3) He通量与地幔热流之间呈正相关。

The research shows that in the Yinggehai basin, the formation of CO_(2) reservoir which is crust-sourced and crust-mental-mixed-sourced, mainly controlled by local action of hot fluid in the mud diapir area which is multi terms and multi zones and by physical-chemical mechanism of very thick marine calcareous sandstone and mudstone of Pliocene-Miocene. The volcano- and mantle-sourced CO_(2) in the Qiongdongnan basin and Pearl River Mouth basin is mainly controlled by volcanos activities and by the exist of large faults which reached to base to connect the gas from the mantle. According to different mechanism ang formation of reservoir os the the crustal rock-chemical genesis and volcano-and mantle-sourced CO_(2), we can follow the source of it, analysis and predict the migration and accumulation and distribution model of gas and espacially CO_(2), so as to help to make the plan of petroleum exploration and reduce the risk of exploration.

认为：莺歌海盆地壳源型及壳幔混合型CO2的形成及富集成藏，主要受控于泥底辟热流体晚期分层、分块和多期的局部上侵活动，和巨厚的上新统—中新统海相含钙砂泥岩的物理化学综合作用，且CO2运聚分布规律亦具多期和分层、分区的特点；琼东南盆地东部及珠江口盆地火山幔源成因型CO2则主要受控于幔源型火山活动和沟通深部气源的基底深大断裂的导气配置作用，CO2运聚富集规律与幔源型火山活动及深大断裂的发育展布密切相关，CO2主要来自地壳深部幔源火山活动所伴生的大量CO2；因此，根据壳源岩石化学成因型CO2与火山幔源成因型CO2不同成因机理及成藏条件，可以追踪CO2气源，可分析和预测天然气尤其是CO2的运聚分布规律，可为天然气勘探部署及决策提供依据，可减少和降低勘探风险。

It is shown that in the basins in the Eastern China, onshore and offshore, the formation of CO2 reservoir is crust-sourced and crust-mantal-mixed-sourced, mainly controlled by local activity of hot fluid into the mud diapir area in multi-phase and multi-zones in physical-chemical mechanism of very thick marine calcareous sandstone and mudstone of Pliocene-Miocene. The volcano- and mantle-sourced CO2 in the Qiongdongnan Basin and Pearl River Mouth Basin is mainly controlled by magmatism and major faults which cut through the basements and link to the mantle gas.

研究表明，中国东部陆相断陷盆地与东海陆架盆地及南海北部陆架琼东南盆地东部和珠江口盆地的CO2气藏及高含CO2油气藏中CO2均属典型的火山幔源型成因，主要受控于幔源型火山活动脱气与沟通深部气源的基底深大断裂的导气配置作用，其运聚富集规律及控制因素与幔源型火山活动及深大断裂的发育展布密切相关，CO2气源主要来自地壳深部幔源火山活动所脱出的大量原始CO2；南海北部陆架西区莺歌海盆地CO2气藏及中国东部陆相断陷盆地部分高含CO2油气藏中CO2，则属于壳源型及壳幔混合型成因，CO2形成及运聚成藏，主要受控于火山侵入活动对碳酸盐岩的烘烤和泥底辟热流体晚期分层分块多期的局部上侵活动与沉积巨厚的海相含钙砂泥岩的物理化学综合作用，其运聚分布规律具多期和分层分区的特点。

It mainly consists of SN trend Guan Yan geosyncline type rift moving for long time and EW trend Da-Hong-Shan original continental crust rift moving in the early proterozoic and Yuan Bian-E-Bian original continental crust rift moving in the Mid-Late Proterozoic.

首次提出元古宙该区的古大地构造性质为诞生于太古宙雏陆壳内及其斜坡的雏陆壳型三岔裂谷系，主要由元古宙长期活动的南北向昆阳地槽型裂谷和早元古宙活动的东西向大红山雏陆壳间裂谷与中晚元古宙活动的盐边—峨边雏陆壳间裂谷组成，并论证了它们的演化—运动史。

This paper studies the granite growth, development and emplacement as well as their relations to the tectonic dynamic background and to reaction of ocean crust, continental crust and mantle. Thus, not only the contents of pluton study are enriched, but also new evidence for the tectonic evolution, plate kinematics and dynamics are obtained, indicating that the study of formation process and deformation reworking of plutons can provide more information on plate tectonic and continent dynamics, so they should be studied more.

本文研究了花岗岩体的成因、生长演化、形成定位及与构造动力学背景的关系，并注意与陆壳、洋壳、地幔三者之间相互作用的关系，这样，一方面丰富了花岗岩研究内容，提高了花岗岩研究程度；另一方面也对探索东秦岭地区大地构造演化及动力学等问题提供了新的证据和认识，表明在板块构造、大陆动力学研究方面，花岗岩体形成过程等方面的研究也能提供难得的信息，今后应注意加强研究。

The SDB eclogites, on the other hand, were strongly overprinted by a high-pressure granulite-facies metamorphism under conditions of p=1.9~2.0 GPa and T=873~948℃, followed by temperature and pressure decrease to the amphibolite-facies. The process of temperature increase with decreasing pressure from UHP eclogite to high-pressure granulite suggests that the SDB eclogites exhumed at low speed and underwent strong thermal relaxation at a level of crust-mantle transition or thickened lower crust.

都兰南带榴辉岩折返过程中经历了高压麻粒岩相变质的改造，高压麻粒岩阶段的p-T条件为p=1.9~2.0 GPa，T=873~948℃，并进一步经历了角闪岩相退化变质，说明都兰南带榴辉岩折返速率较慢，发生了壳幔过渡带层次的强烈热松弛。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。