查询词典 creditor country

Because company debt undertaking directly correlates with the specific benefit of company creditor. In order to safeguard the safety and credit of market business, how to protect the benefit of company creditor and establish the perfect its system of protection has become a protrusive and important problem.

由于公司债务承担直接关系到公司债权人的特定利益，为维护市场交易安全和信用，如何保护公司债权人的利益，建立完善的公司债权人保护制度，便凸现成一个重要的问题。

This paper begins with the origin of the principle of relativity of contract, by putting forward the notion of the inviolability of creditor"s right try to justify the necessity and rationality of the system of infringement of the third person upon creditor"s right, and proposes the stand our nation should adopt, to realize the biggest function of that system.This paper is divided into four parts:Part I, principle of relativity of debt.

本文从契约的相对性原则的起源入手，试图以传统民法中的债的相对性原则为突破口，运用纵向发展与横向比较相结合的方法，通过论证债的不可侵性，证明第三人侵害债权制度存在的合理性和必要性，以及我国应采取的立场，让第三人侵害债权制度作为合同违约责任制度的辅助制度而发挥作用。

As account receivable assignment being the crucial legal problem in international factoring, the author analyzes seriatim the force of assignment of account receivable creditor"s rights, the legal effect of factoring restriction on assignment of account receivable creditor"s rights, creditors rights assignment, right conflicts out of the assignment and the registration of assignment and pledge hereof. The author provides his own explanation on how to understand these problems within the contemporary Chinese legal system, and proposes a series of legislation suggestions.

其中，应收账款转让作为国际保理法律问题的核心，笔者着重对国际保理中对将来发生应收账款债权转让的效力、限制转让应收账款债权办理保理的法律后果、债权转让通知、应收账款债权转让引起的权利冲突、应收账款债权转让及质押登记等问题进行了逐项分析，就如何在我国当前法律环境下理解这些问题作出了自己的解释。

Article 14 Where a creditor makes up the declaration of creditor' s rights, it or he may get compensation from the undistributed properties of the company.

第十四条债权人补充申报的债权，可以在公司尚未分配财产中依法清偿。

Taking the comparison method, This article has discussed implementation of creditor's rights transferring, and has analyzed the protection of debtor from demurring right, offset's right and increasing of fulfilling cost after creditor's right transferring.

此文从比较法的角度论述了债权让与的生效，对债务人利益的保护从抗辩权、抵销权以及债权让与后履行费用的增加等几个方面进行了分析，论述了现今立法中存在的缺陷，并提出了自己的立法构想。

In this thesis, from the aboved starting point, the author sketchily probes into the rationale of the system of the creditor"s right of subrogation, the necessity of the creditor"s right preservation, the status of debtor in litigation, repaying of the creditors right, the validity of the right of subrogation towards debtor.

本文试从该点出发，对我国合同法债权人代位权制度的基本原理以及保全债权的必要性、债务人的诉讼地位、债权的清偿、代位权对债务人的效力等几方面问题进行粗略研究。

For the mode of legislation, it is suggested that a principle regulations to be made while the detailed applied situation and conditions are specified further in judicial explanation; regarding the applied situation, give four kinds of examples as shortage of capital, mixing of company, property of shareholders, business and personality, avoid the liability of contract and legal liability using of company personality; when making judgment, such three parts as main body, action and results have to be considered. The voluntary creditor and forced creditor consists of prosecutor, those person who abuses the force of company is the defendant who has the act of abusing company personally resulting in bad effect; the responsibility of producing of evident may refer to those of courts of Germany, which is proved by prosecutor, after that, the defendant provides the evident that he has a proper action for the suit of company or his action is not the direct cause for the loss of company; the legal effect of disregarding of corporate personality is to deprive the rights of limited liability of shareholders and shall undertake the affiliated liability according to different situations of company debts, however, it is clear that the legal effect is only limited to the special legal relationship in the specific case; the exercising body is made by court while the corporate personality might not be disaffirmed directly in exerting process; finally, it points out the real essence and also its real sense and difficulties in practice.

对立法模式，建议成文法中只做原则性规定，而具体的适用情形、适用条件等规定可以在司法解释中进一步作出明确规定；对适用情形，根据我国实际列举了资本显著不足、公司与股东财产、业务、人格的混同、利用公司人格规避契约义务和逃避法律义务四种大类；审判时应考虑的要件包括主体、行为、结果三大要件，自愿债权人和非自愿债权人构成原告，对公司有控制力的滥用者为被告，要有滥用公司人格的行为，并有损害的结果产生；举证责任可参照德国法院的做法，由原告提供初步证据证明公司存在滥用公司人格的行为，而后，由被告提供证据证明自己与涉诉公司的关系是正当的，或自己的行为与原告的损失没有因果关系；否认公司人格的法律效果是剥夺股东在个案中的有限责任的权利，视不同情形对公司债务承担连带责任，但应明确法律效力仅限于个案中的特别法律关系；行使主体应由法院的审判庭行使，而不宜在执行程序中直接否认公司法人人格；最后对逆向揭开公司面纱作了探讨，指出其现实意义和实践难点。

Article 13 Where a creditor dissatisfies with a ruling about the property distribution scheme and has filed an appeal, the people's court at the next higher level shall continue the trial according to the procedure for appeal, and in case an appeal is filed after the implementation of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, the people's court shall notify the creditor to apply for reconsideration according to Article 66 of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law.

第十三条债权人对于财产分配方案的裁定不服，已经申诉的，由上一级人民法院依据申诉程序继续审理；企业破产法施行后提起申诉的，人民法院应当告知其依据企业破产法第六十六条的规定申请复议。

Where the holder or the owner of the share rights hypothecates the share rights to the creditor, the People's Court shall still execute the share rights by means of auction, instead of directly executing them to the creditor.

股权的持有人或者所有权人以股权向债权人质押的，人民法院执行时也应当通过拍卖方式进行，不得直接将股权执行给债权人。

From the different point of view, the listed company refinances mechanism has different structure and form of expression. Look from forming the key element, the refinancing mechanism is melted out such key elements as the square , person who incorporates square , price , market , supervision of fund , intermediary ,etc. to form by the fund. According to financing source, the refinancing mechanism while being endogenous and other source financing form again; According to financing way, the refinancing mechanism makes up indirectly by the direct financing. According to financing tool, listed company refinance mechanism include creditor"s rights financing, stock financing, half stock right half creditor"s rights financing.

从不同的角度来看，上市公司再融资机制有不同的结构与表现形式：从构成要素看，上市公司再融资机制由资金融出方、资金融入方、价格、市场、监管者、中介机构等要素构成；从融资来源来看，上市公司再融资机制由内源融资和外源融资构成；从融资方式来看，上市公司再融资机制由直接融资和间接融资组成；从融资工具来看，上市公司再融资机制则包括债权融资、股权融资、半股权半债权融资。

The shaping method of noncircular part and the tool holder's radial motion characters in noncircular turning process are discussed in detail in the thesis.

论文详细研究了非圆零件的成型方法和加工过程中刀架的径向运动规律。

I have not really liked him,I do not like his this kind of disposition.

我没有真的喜欢他，我不喜欢他的这种性格。