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The direction of crack propagation is victual to the direction of maximum stress if the anisotropy of material is sufficiently weak. Universality of fractal dimension of fractured surface would be easy to appear in this case. On the contrary, the crack propagates along the plane with the lowest surface energy.

当材料结构的各向异性特别显著时，裂纹的扩展沿着比表面能最小的方向扩展，这时，断口分维与材料本身的结构有关，表现为断口分维的特殊性；反之，当材料结构的各向异性特别微弱时，裂纹的扩展垂直于最大应力方向，在这种情况下，材料的断口分维与普适性有关。

The fracture reasons of high strength PC steel wire are analyzed, it's considered that center segregation, central cavitation, poriness and inclusion are the metallurgical reasons which lead to the facture of PC steel wire and in the rolling process, differential coping quality, microcrack caused by surface defect, abnormal microstructure caused by burnt and improper cooling velocity, the ears on the head of the wire, overlapping of the wire rod itself are the main reasons which lead to the facture of PC steel wire. At the same time, inappropriate pickling, differential phosphorization quality, the bad heat treatment quality, the generation of crack in the improper drawing and transverse crack caused by abnormal laying of the drawing die are also the reasons of the cracking of PC wire.

对高强度PC钢丝断裂原因进行了分析，认为连铸坯的中心偏析、中心缩孔、疏松和夹杂是导致PC钢丝断裂的冶金原因；轧制过程中，较差的修磨质量、表面缺陷导致的微裂纹，过烧以及不适当的冷却速度导致的非正常显微组织，盘条头部的耳子、盘条本身折叠是导致PC钢丝断裂的主要原因；同时，不恰当的酸洗、较差的磷化及热处理质量、不适当拉丝裂纹的产生、拉拔模具安放不正导致的横裂也是PC钢丝断裂的原因。

When a horizontal well is transversally fractured with multiple stages, initial crack can induce the secondary change of the wellbore stress, producing the induced stress ield which has an inluence on subsequent crack initiation.

水平井分段压裂时，形成的初始裂缝会诱发井筒周围应力分布二次改变，产生诱导应力场。诱导应力场将会对后续裂缝起裂产生影响。

A formula of the maximum crack width is given, which is based on a reasonable crack model.

在一个公道的裂缝模型的基础上，建议了钢筋混凝土受弯构件的最大裂缝宽度计算公式。

And then, take a 样纸 of the above checks, you peel to the backing sheet paper and again check the backing sheet on crack, because crack sometimes is a very small, only separated from the backing sheet and paper before it can be found.

然后，取一段经过上述检查的样纸，剥于底纸再次检查一下面纸和底纸上是否有裂纹，因为裂纹有时是非常小的，只有分开底纸和面纸后才能发现。

Based on fatigue curve in the crack initiation process,a numerical method to compute the fatigue crack extension ,is proposed.

在进行岩石类材料疲劳断裂破坏的数值分析时，将损伤力学将裂纹形成与裂纹扩展两个过程有机结合在一起。

The influence of welding residual stresses on the fracture characteristics of thesteel weldments with short-crack s was evaluated,and an attempt has been made to improve the fracture characteristics of the steel weldments with short-crack s by the application of surface treatment.

本文探讨了焊接残余应力对带短裂纹焊件疲劳断裂性能（疲劳裂纹萌生寿命、疲劳短裂纹扩展速率及疲劳总寿命）的影响，并通过表面锤击、表面喷丸处理，使焊件短裂纹处的残余应力得到有利调整，从而改善和提高了带短裂纹焊件的断裂性能。

The model involved effect s on SERR computation by large rotation of the crack tip and variety of discrete element shapes. The method of SERR calculation at the crack tip was modified.

该模型考虑了裂纹尖端大转动和离散单元形状变化对应变能释放率计算的影响，修正了裂纹尖端应变能释放率的计算方法。

And the effect of water pressure on concrete crack width is mainly studied; concrete crack width of penstocks in Three Gorges Hydropower Station is predicted in the end.

并重点研究了水头的变化对压力管道混凝土最大裂缝宽度的影响，最后对三峡电站压力管道混凝土结构裂缝进行了预测。

It is shown from the result that the intensity factors of anti-plane stress and electric displacement around the crack tip are dependent on the speed of the Griffith crack as well as the material coefficients.

结果表明应力及电位移强度因子均与界面裂纹扩展速度及材料参数相关。这不同于均匀压电介质中运动裂纹的结论。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。