查询词典 covariance functional

In particular, it is unknown how the relevant neural substrates function as a network to mediate perspective-taking during the task requiring understanding other's belief. The current work first developed a new psychological paradigm that excludes potential confounds such as the processing of language, biological motion, episodic memory and causal coherence in the paradigms used in previous studies. I recorded neural activities associated with mental inference task using functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography in order to investigate the functional roles of several brain areas (i.e. precuneus, MPFC, etc.) that engage in understanding other's belief. I also proposed a computational model based on the neuroimaging results that simulated the neurocognitive mechanism underlying cortical dynamics in correct judgment of other's belief.

本文首先发展了一个新的心理学实验范式，排除以往常用&错误信念&范式中与语言加工、生物运动、情景记忆及事件连续性和因果性等方面的混淆，采用功能磁共振成像（functional magnetic resonance imaging， fMRI）和脑电（Electroencephalography， EEG）时频分析等脑成像技术，记录与理解他人信念任务相关的神经活动，通过对行为和脑成像数据的分析，研究楔前叶和内侧前额叶等脑区在理解他人信念任务中的功能意义，并根据脑成像结果，提出一个基于自我和他人视角竞争的计算模型，模拟大脑在理解他人信念时做出正确决策时的认知神经机制。

Comparison results revealed that there was significantly reduced functional connectivity in the left posterior cingulate cortex, vbilateral anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral medial prefrontal cortex, left parahippocampal cortex in MHE patients, while functional connectivity increased in the right precuneus.

但与正常对照组相比，MHE患者大部分脑缺省模式网络脑区功能连接降低，包括：左侧后扣带回、双侧前扣带回、双侧额中回、左侧海马旁回；而右侧楔前叶的功能连接较正常对照组升高。

The fMRI studies showed that,(1) when information obtained from self-perspective covered the information obtained from other-perspective, compared to a deductive reasoning task, the mental inference task induced increased neural activity in precuneus, decreased neural activity in ventral MPFC and enhanced functional connectivity between these two brain areas;(2) this neural activity pattern was observed in understanding human's belief, but not in understanding artificial intelligence;(3) when information obtained from other-perspective covered the information obtained from self-perspective, the mental inference task induced additional increased neural activity in dorsal MPFC and the right frontal cortex, as well as enhanced functional connectivity between these two cortical areas in addition.

EEG实验发现，额叶alpha频段神经活动在信念理解任务的早期（400-800 ms）表现为去同步化，顶叶alpha频段神经活动在信念理解任务的较晚时程（600-1000 ms）则表现为同步化。

Functional neuroimaging ; functional connectivity ; effective connectivity ; psychophysiological interaction ; structural equation modeling ; dynamic casual modeling

脑功能成像；功能连通性；有效连通性；心理生理交互作用；结构方程模型；动态因果模型

Furthermore, we have the definitions such as functions such as functional ceramic works and non-functional ones, decorative ceramics and artistic one, etc... Some people classify ceramics by the different ways of firing, such as wood firing, salt firing, gas firing, smoke firing, electric firing, raku firing and others.

中国今日陶艺家所拥有的身份的复杂性和传统对陶瓷审美及观念的影响，使我们难以借鉴其他艺术门类既有的学术划分方式来较为省时省力地创设中国今日陶艺的学术划分体系。

It is estimated that there are about 40,000 functional genes.In order to understand those genes related to human diseases and the novel functional genes, the genetic manipulated mice including transgenic mice and knockout mice have been generated to facilitate the purpose.This transgenic core has been collaborated with industrial and research institutes for years, and has built up competitive know-how for transgenic mice, embryo cryopreservation, and pathogen free rederivation.

小鼠长期以来即为研究人类疾病最佳动物模式，2001年美国赛洛因公司已将小鼠129的两个品系之基因序列解码完成提供付费使用，2003年小鼠B6的基因序列也被Mouse Genomic DNA Sequencing Consortium解码完成，预估约有4万个功能基因，随著基因操控技术的成熟，制造出各种带不同基因缺陷的模式动物供生物医学研究已非难事。

After functional appliance treatment of Angle class two division one subdivision malocclusion with mandibular retrusion , the trace of condylar movement is changed obviously, following the change of overbite, overjet and the suitable condylar rebuilding after functional appliance treatment.

下颌后缩型安氏Ⅱ类1分类错牙合在功能矫治结束后，髁状突发生了适应性改建，其覆牙合、覆盖较功能矫治前减小，髁突运动轨迹也发生了相应的改变。

Therefore, Taitung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station uses Roselle to produce a functional food and that is to utilize natural ingredients to produce Functional Food that benefits our body.

台东场研发之洛神葵保健机能性产品，即利用天然食材研发出对身体有益的保健食品，不但吃得健康，还要活得更美丽，是很值得推广的天然养生食品。

Functional communication training developed from prior functional analyses and preference assessments was employed in Experiment 3 to test specific hypotheses regarding the operant functions of stereotypic behavior.

结果显示：感官的增强是学童反覆固著行为的主要原因之一。

There were no significant differences for the firing rates in the site of contralateral TNC neurons among during pre-CSD,CSD,and post-CSD (P＞0.05).For flunarizine group,the firing rates in the site of ipsilateral TNC neurons during pre-CSD were higher as compared with during CSD(P＜0.05).2.1 There were statistical differences on palasma levels of CGRP and SP among the three groups(P＜0.05).The levels of CGRP and SP in CSD group were higher than control group(P＜0.05).No significant differences on the levels of CGRP and SP in ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia were found among the three groups(P＞0.05).2 The number of neurons with positive CGRP and SP immunoreactivity was statistically different in right-sided trigeminal ganglia among the three groups (P＜0.05).The number in fight-sided trigeminal ganglia in CSD group was higher as compared with control group(P＜0.05).The number in right-sided trigeminal ganglia was statistically higher than that in left-sided trigeminal ganglion in CSD group(P＜0.05).3.1 Altered ReHo in ipsilateral pons and other brain regions response to pain such as basal nuclei,thalamus,cingulated gyms and prefrontal cortex was detected during the acute spontaneous attack as compared with during headache remission(P＜0.05,corrected by Monte Carlo simulation). 2 Positive functional connectivity was detected between ipsilateral pons and other brain regions related to pain within pain state and within non-pain state (P＜0.05,corrected by false discovery rate,FDR).Increased functional correlation between ipsilateral pons and other pain-related brain regions such as ipsilateral prefrontal cortex and contralateral subcallosal gyrus was detected during the acute spontaneous attack as compared with during headache remission(P＜0.05,corrected by Monte Carlo simulation).

结果1。对照组未发现CSD；同侧TNC放电频率，CSD中＞CSD后＞CSD前P＜0.05对侧TNC放电频率，CSD前、中、后无统计学差异(P＞0.05氟桂利嗪组同侧TNC放电频率，CSD前＞CSD中(P＜0.05)，CSD前与CSD后及CSD中与CSD后之间无统计学差异(P＞0.05)。2.1关于放免测定，各组血浆CGRP、SP水平有统计学差异(P＜0.05)，CSD组高于对照组(P＜0.05)，CSD组与氟桂利嗪组、对照组与氟桂利嗪组之间均无统计学差异P＞0.05各组之间同侧三叉神经节中CGRP、SP水平未见变化(P＞0.05.2关于免疫组化研究，右侧三叉神经节CGRP、SP免疫阳性细胞数三组之间有统计学差异(P＜0.05)，多重两两比较结果CSD组大于对照组(P＜0.05)，CSD组与氟桂利嗪组之间、对照组与氟桂利嗪组之间无统计学差异P＞0.05左侧三叉神经节CGRP、SP免疫阳性细胞数三组之间无统计学差异(P＞0.05CSD组中右侧三叉神经节CGRP、SP免疫反应阳性细胞数大于左侧(P＜0.05)。3.1局部一致性分析发现两组患者头痛疼痛状态较非疼痛状态脑活动发生变化的脑区有同侧脑桥以及其他疼痛相关脑区如基底节区、丘脑、扣带回、前额叶皮层等(P＜0.05，蒙特卡罗模拟校正)。2功能连接分析发现疼痛状态与非疼痛状态下主要疼痛相关脑区均与同侧脑桥有功能联系P＜0.05，false discovery rate，FDR校正疼痛状态与非疼痛状态比较，同侧前额叶皮层、对侧胼胝下回等疼痛相关脑区与同侧脑桥之间功能联系增强(P＜0.05，蒙特卡罗模拟校正。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。