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Main contributions and achievements are as follows:A general non-equilibrium rigorous model for RDP is developed in this thesis. Based on the pseudo-homogenous assumption, two main factors reaction and separation are de-coupled, and an RDP model with the same format as that for a traditional distillation process is established. To solve the model with a large number of algebraic equations, modified M-K equations with tri-diagonal matrix form are developed based on the improved Separation Efficiency Functions, which greatly increases the iteration efficiency. This thesis also develops a general reactive distillation dynamic model. Through splitting of the differential variables based on SEFS, large-scaled differential algebraic equations can be solved with the improved Gear's algorithm which makes the dynamic model suitable for the on-line application. A simulation platform for the control loop design and evaluation of RDP by introducing control system equations into the dynamic model is also developed.A lactic acid purification pilot-scale RDP is investigated.

论文对热点问题——反应精馏过程的建模与优化控制相关技术进行了深入的研究，取得了一系列成果：1、建立了反应精馏过程机理模型，基于拟均相假设，将反应和分离过程进行解耦，推导出反应精馏过程的非平衡级稳态模型和动态模型，通过引入推广的分离效率函数，对模型变量进行了合理划分，显著提高了模型求解效率；将动态模型和控制系统方程结合，建立了反应精馏过程控制系统研究的辅助工具。2、全面分析了乳酸提纯反应精馏新工艺试验装置，利用本文建立的过程机理模型，对该试验装置进行了稳态和动态性能分析及水力学核算；设计和分析了单边质量控制方案，比较了间接和直接物料平衡控制两种方案的控制性能。

In this dissertation, InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser and its characterization were presented. Some conclusions are as following: the characteristics of lasing threshold was discussed by using rate equation. The dependent relations between threshold and cavity volume, spontaneous emission coupling efficiency β were investigated. The whispering gallery mode and spontaneous emission in a microdisk geometry were then studied. Almost all spontaneous emission was coupled into the lowest order TE mode when the normalized thickness of photonics well was between 0.15 and 0.5. The design principle and device process of InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP MQW microdisk laser were presented. The microdisk lasers with the diameter of 8μm, 4. 5μm and 2μm were succesfully fabricated by using etching techniques. The pulse lasing thresholds for the microdisk with the diameter of 8μm and 4. 5μm were 170μW and 15μW, a record results compared with the published in the literature. The cw lasing threshold for a 2-μm-diameter microdisk was only a few μW. We haven't found similar report up to now. To solve the problem of directional output in a microdisk laser, the power coupling efficiency in a double disk geometry was investigated with the theory of waveguide mode couple. A new structure of electrically pumped microdisk laser with output waveguide was designed, making a foundation for the practical use of microdisk laser.

本文主要研究InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱半导体碟型激光器的研制和特性表征，并取得如下结果：利用速率方程理论讨论了激光器激射阈值的特性，分析了阈值与腔体积和自发发射耦合系数β之间的关系；讨论了微碟光子阱结构中的自发发射特性和微碟中WGM模式特性；光子阱结构在其归一化厚度在0.15-0.5之间时，几乎全部自发发射进入到最低阶TE模式中；研究了InGaAs/InGaAsP/InP多量子阱微碟激光器的结构设计原理和器件的制备工艺；利用刻蚀方法成功制备出直径分别为8μm、4.5μm、2μm的碟型微腔激光器；直径8μm和4.5μm的微碟脉冲光泵浦激射阈值分别为170μW、15μW，是目前所见文献报导中比较低的；直径2μm的微碟连续光泵浦激射阈值仅几μW，目前尚未见到达到类似结果的研究报导；为解决微碟激光器激射光定向引出的问题，通过波导耦合模理论分析了双层碟之间功率耦合效率；据此设计了新型带耦合输出波导的电泵浦微腔激光器，为进一步研制可实用的电泵浦微腔激光器打下基础。

The analysis on unilateral, bilateral and lateral-torsional coupled seismic response of base-isolated structures with lead rubber bearings is carried out. The maximal displacement of the bearings is studied. The influence on lateral-torsional coupled seismic response of base-isolated structures due to the excentricity and uncoupled period ratio of the superstructure, and the excentricity of the isolation system is investigated.

对铅芯叠层橡胶支座基础隔震结构进行了单向及双向地震反应对比分析，并研究了支座最大位移的确定；对结构进行了平—扭耦联地震反应分析，研究上部结构的偏心距及非耦联周期比、隔震层偏心距等因素对结构的平—扭耦联地震反应的影响，并对结构平—扭耦联地震反应的控制进行了探讨。

A radiant energy path means comprising a first optical fiber waveguide means and a second optical fiber waveguide means; sensing means prismatically configurated so as to provide a direct reflective path from said first waveguide means, through said sensing means, to said second waveguide means, said sensing means being fabricated from material which absorbs a portion of a monochromatic radiant energy transmitted along said direct reflective path through said sensing means as a function of temperature; a monochromatic radiant energy source means optically coupled to said first optical fiber waveguide means, thereby introducing said monochromatic radiant energy into said first optical fiber waveguide means; and detecting means optically coupled to said second optical fiber waveguide means for detecting the intensity of the monochromatic radiant energy transmitted along said direct reflective path through said sensing means, the detecting means correlating the intensity of the transmitted monochromatic radiant energy with the temperature of the sensing means.

温度传感器组成一个联合：辐射能走了一首手段包括光纤波导手段和光纤波导第二手段；硒干旱prismatically手段配置以提供直接从反光路波导首次表示，次传感手段粗糙说，第二说波导手段飒传感手段伪造身份证从物质吸收了部分单色辐射能直接传送沿线说重 flective路径通过说温度传感功能为手段；一单色辐射能来源地说，就是先光光纤耦合波导手段次 ereby介绍说，首先说成单色辐射能光纤波导手段；一丁光学检测手段波导光纤耦合说二是加大检测手段的单色辐射恩顺沿说传染途径通过直接反光说传感手段，次五是加大检测手段的传播相关单色辐射能与温度传感手段。

Methods Two-2D finite-element models were built based on the electron microscopic images of the organ of Corti from the guinea pig with two models of coupled and non-coupled between the tectorial membrane and stereocilia.

以豚鼠耳蜗底回Corti器的电镜图像为原型，建立盖膜与内毛细胞最长静纤毛接触和不接触的两种二维计算模型各一个，并作力学分析比较。

We have shown that for an Al thickness of about 1.2 nm a transition from strongly ferromagnetically coupled Co and Ni80Fe20 characterised with single hysteresis loops to well separated magnetisation loops evident for weakly coupled layers occurs.

我们已显示，一·厚度，大约 1.2 的好分开磁化循环明显，-助学金网，因为弱耦合的层出现循环的纳米强烈 ferromagnetically 耦合的合作和 Ni80Fe20 转换特色的单一滞后。

In nuclear magnetic resonance system, the interactions between two arbitrary non direct-coupled spins always become very small along with the increasing of their distance. So it is very difficult to realize the information transmission between two non direct-coupled spins.

核磁共振量子计算机在实现多量子位之间的信息传递时，随着量子位的增多，物理距离相距较远的量子位之间的耦合作用会很弱，从而很难在没有耦合的量子位之间直接实现信息的传递。

In this study, a spur gear coupled theory combined with a spinning composite flexible shaft theory, is used to develop a double spinning composite shafts model that are containing coupled by spur gears.

中文摘要本文主要目的，在结合复合材料旋转轴的理论与齿轮联结理论，导出含齿轮联结效应之双复合材料轴的运动方程式，并探讨系统的振动特性与暂态响应。

With the combination of analysis and software simulation, the operation principles of different parts of the network are analyzed. Especially, the model of the oscillator, based on negative resistance cross-coupled pair, is given. Meanwhile, the effect of different crossed-coupled pair to the oscillation circuit is also analyzed.

利用理论分析与软件仿真相结合，详细分析了基于CMOS工艺的二分之一波长驻波振荡电路各组成部分的工作原理，尤其是振荡器的重要组成部分，提供负阻的交叉耦合对，给出了相应的数学模型及分析仿真，研究了不同的MOS管对对振荡电路的影响。

Generalized reciprocal theorems of non-coupled and coupled system s, which are valid for two deformed bodies with different constitutive relations are established by generalizing the idea of Betti s reciprocal theorem.

推广Betti倒易定理的概念，建立了非耦联系统和耦联系统的广义倒易定理，它们适用于具有不同本构关系的两个变形体·当该两变形体的本构关系相同且为线弹性时，该非耦联系统的广义倒易定理即成为Betti倒易定理·同时，应用该两个广义倒易定理于弹性力学中的模拟计

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷