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In this report, half-esterification between these pendent hydroxyl groups of hydroxyl-PU and maleic anhydride could lead to new pendent groups, carboxylic groups. These highly polar carboxylic groups in the side chain of PU could play the role of internal emulsifier. They had self-dissociation ability in the water or were neutralized first by appropriate amount of base. Then, PU bearing carboxylic group could dispersed steadily in the water, named aqueous-based polyurethane dispersion.

在本论文中，利用原来亲油性Hydroxyl PU主链段上悬挂的羟基经由与琥珀酸酐的半酯化(Half-esterification Reaction)反应后，使PU在侧链上悬挂具有强极性的羧酸基，其可作为聚胺酯分子中的内乳化剂，羧酸基能在水相中自身解离产生离子或加入适量碱使之中合，使聚氨酯高分子能够稳定分散於水中，即所谓水性PU分散液(Aqueous-based Polyurethane Dispersion)。

On the other hand, the synergetic effect could be found during BS-UC adding to mixed alkanes culture. Furthermore, BS-UC could increase the hydrophobicity of cell surface and thus enhanced the ability of cell attachment to alkane. Adding BS-UC also increased the Zeta-potential of cell and medium surfaces significantly, i. e. BS-UC could decreased the negative electric charge density of their surface, so the repulsive tension between cell and medium would be weakened and the adsorption of them would be easier. The results of the test with sand filled column for investigating the cell adsorption in pore-medium showed that the residual amount of cell in the column increased with increase of adding BS-UC concentration.

此外，在以混合烃类为底物时会产生一定的协同促进效应；添加生物表面活性剂BS-UC，可以显著提高细胞表面疏水性，使得其与烃类及其它疏水表面接触能力增强；BS-UC还可以明显提高细胞及介质表面的ζ电位，使所带负电荷密度降低，从而使得两者间斥力减小而便于吸附；通过沙填充柱洗脱实验，对BS-UC增强细胞在填充介质中吸附能力进行了考察发现，随BS-UC浓度的增加，细胞在填充介质中的保留量也随之增加。

Inwheat intercropped with soybean not only N situation could be improved butalso P situation could be.2In intercropping,the pH of soybean rhizospherewas decreased by increasing the R-Apase activity,which could decelerate thetransforming and fixing P fertilizer.3In both monoculture and intercroppingsystem,the soil pH of rhizosphere was affected by cropping system at two Plevel which only 0.1-4mm distance from the root surface,but the effect of S-Apase activity in the rhizospher soil by cropping system was less than3mm.In effect,the rhizosphere P was really available nutrient,and applyingP to rhizosphere was effective ways to reduce the P nutrient competition.4Inwheat/soybean intercropping,the peak stage of reduction ability of roots wasthe same as that of the root growth,so that the time compensation appearedin intensity of nutrient absorption.

间套作大豆、小麦、玉米根系Apase的差异又反映出大豆利用土壤磷的潜在能力最大，而玉米最小，可见禾谷类的小麦与大豆间套后不但能改善小麦的氮素营养状况还使磷素营养也得以好转。2）间套大豆根际pH值的下降，导致磷肥施入土壤后形成〓-P的比例显著提高，转化成〓-P等难溶性磷减少，说明间套的大豆能减缓肥料磷在土壤中的转化和固定，减少磷素向无效化方向转化。3）复合群体根际土壤pH值的影响一般只发生在0.1-4mm的根际微区，而土壤磷酸酶的影响供磷与否在距根表3mm以外都无多大差异，说明根际磷才是真正有效磷，根际施磷是解决磷素竞争的有效途径。4）。

The results showed that among three regulator combinations (2, 4-D KT and IBA), 2, 4-D2~3 mgL^(-1 treatment was the best with the highest callus induction rate, most of the explants induced callus and grew well. 2, 4-D2mgL^(-1+KT0.5mgL^(-1 treatment could induce callus from stem parts while the callus induced from the stem top was water-soaked and easy to be brown stained. KT4mgL^(-1 treatment could induce callus on some stems but was easy to be brown stained. KT4mgL^(-+IBA0.5mgL^(-1 treatment could induce callus but they grew very slowly.

试验结果表明：在3种生长调节剂(2， 4-D、KT、IBA)的组合中，以2，4-D2~3mgL^(-1效果最好，愈伤组织的诱导率最高，大部分外植体都能诱导出愈伤组织，生长良好；2，4-D 2mgL^(-1)+KT0.5mgL^(-1)能使部分茎段诱导出愈伤组织，而茎尖诱导的愈伤组织水渍化，易褐变；KT 4mgL^(-1)能使个别茎段有愈伤组织产生，但易褐化；KT 4mgL^(-1)+IBA 0.5mgL^(-1)能诱导出愈伤组织，但生长缓慢。

Tommy said he could sing before he could speak; and not long after he could play piccolo, fiddle, tin whistle and the five-string banjo.

汤米说当他还不会说话时就学会了唱歌，并且没多久，他就把短笛、六孔哨、小提琴、五弦班卓琴等乐器都学会了。

Then he saw crumbs near it and they look so tempting, but he knew that he could not eat it unless he wanted to be eaten by the anteater, so he quietly ran away. He went and went until he saw a spider. This time he knew he could get out of seeing anteaters or spiders, so he ran out and the next thing he saw was a skateboard. He thought he could use it to get out of trouble and to find his family, but he did not know which way to go and how to get out of the woods, so he just picked one way then another, so he was lost.

为躲苍蝇，威廉爬出垃圾堆到树林里，林子里有个食蚁动物，尽管食蚁动物旁边有许多面包屑，他没敢去吃，又看到蜘蛛，为了避免被逮，他跑出了食蚁动物和蜘蛛的领地，恰好看到一个滑板架，他想坐滑板架回家，可是他分不清方向，因为已经失踪了，他只好选了一个方向，试图离开林子。

Posthumans could be completely synthetic artificial intelligences, or they could be enhanced uploads , or they could be the result of making many smaller but cumulatively profound augmentations to a biological human.

后人类可以完全由人工智能合成，他们还可以通过上载来进行提高，他们也可以通过较小的、但积累起来十分深刻的改进方式来获得比传统人类更大的进步。

Observing through SEM and TEM, we could found that the diameter of zeolite particle is during 10~20nm, the diameter of straight chain diatomite is between 8μm and 20μm, and the diameter of discoid diatomite is between 15μm and 20μm. From the diagram of TGA and DGA, we could draw the conclusion that the adsorption capacity of diatomite could be increased by heating method under appropriate temperature. The results of FTIR analysis show that there are several libration between 1510 cm~(-1) and 1529 cm~(-1), and this result can sufficiently prove the adsorption of benzene hydrocarbons.

4对材料进行了表征，通过SEM和TEM可以观察到分子筛粒径大小在10～20nm之间，直链结构的硅藻土直径约为8～20μm，盘状硅藻土圆盘直径约为15～50μm；经过TGA和DGA证实了，对硅藻土进行适当温度的活化可以提高硅藻土的吸附效果；经过IR分析，可以发现在1510～1529cm~(-1)之间出现了多个振动峰，这证明了分子筛对苯系物的吸附效果。

A software for QTL mapping—QTLMapper 2. 0 written by C/C++ language was developed. The sotftware could analyze populations of DH, RIL, F〓 and permanent F〓, and could provide unbiased estimation for all genetic main effects and/or unbiased prediction for all QE interaction effects. The software could also predict heteroses of single-cross offspring based on QTL genetic main effects and/or QE interaction effects obtained in QTL analysis of F〓 or permanent F〓 population.

用C／C++语言编写了适于分析DH群体、RIL群体、F〓群体和永久F〓群体的QTL作图软件QTLMapper 2.0，能够提供对各项遗传主效应的无偏估计和／或对QE互作效应的无偏预测，还能基于F〓群体或永久F〓群体估计的QTL遗传主效应和／或QE互作效应预测单交后代杂种优势。

NSC-7 could degrade 73.6% of rice straw within 14 d. 10 kinds of material were detected in volatile products by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and they were mainly acetic acid, glycerol, butyric acid, and propanoic acid. NSC-7 could retain stable degrading ability and high cellulase activity after preserved in -80℃ and freeze-drying for four years. It could remain its degrading ability after 90℃ of high temperature treating for 30 min, and resume its degrading ability after subcultured 2 times after 105℃ of high temperature treating for 30 min in autoclave.

NSC-7在14 d的培养过程中，使稻秆分解73.6％；用GC-MS测定结果发酵液中检测到10种化合物成分，其中峰值较大的依次为乙酸、甘油、丁酸、丙酸； NSC-7在-80℃冷冻和冻干条件下保存4年后仍具有稳定的秸秆分解能力和纤维素内切酶活性；经90℃高温处理30 min后，仍能够保持分解能力， 105℃处理30 min后转接2次就能恢复分解能力，显示出很高的保存稳定性和热稳定性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。