查询词典 cost-plus

The strategic analysis is introduced into coal enterprise logistics cost precontrol and it set goals for the logistics cost at last from the strategic plane of the coal enterprise competition demand,through logistics strategic cost agent analysis and logistics strategic location analysis to determine logistics service level under different logistics strategies in coal enterprise,and it provides premise and foundation for the logistics cost control from the view of value creating.

煤炭企业物流成本事前控制引入战略分析法，从煤炭企业竞争需求的战略层面出发，通过物流战略性成本动因分析，物流战略定位分析，确定煤炭企业不同物流战略下的物流服务水平，可以最终为确定物流成本目标，为从价值创造的角度进行物流成本控制提供前提或基础。

Not only the item cost control and is Finance department's work, if wants to control the good cost to obtain from the related service: Material management, machinery management, labor management, subpackage management and so on; Must pay great attention as far as possible fine, not only through departments and so on finance, material, machinery, service, subpackage understood the project overall cost condition, needs to understand the project detail cost condition.

请高手帮忙翻译下谢谢！！急用！！关于工程项目成本管理的思考摘要项目成本控制并不仅是财务部门的工作，要想控制好成本就要从相关业务入手：材料管理、机械管理、劳务管理、分包管理等；还要注重尽量精细，不仅通过财务、材料、机械、劳务、分包等部门了解到工程整体成本状况，更要了解到工程细部成本状况。

From the characteristics of the construction enterprise and the cost management, the arti cle sets forth the control methods of the cost management by stages from four stages of the cost management, and emphasizes the significance of the control by levels of the cost management.

该文从施工企业及成本管理的特点出发，从成本管理的4个阶段阐述了成本管理分阶段控制的方法，并强调了成本管理分层次控制的重要性。

And put forward to construction cost will be calculated based on bill valuation, average society cost and the component cost .The second is the text make use of fuzzing mathematics and exponential smoothing technology,set up the mathematical model of engineering cost.

本文首先从工程成本基本概念入手，分析了工程成本的构成，为准确预测工程成本提供了基础，明确提出应以社会平均成本和企业个别成本进行投标阶段的成本估算。

With a systematic and detailed study of several periods of staff turnover cost, the paper presents the composing items of staff turnover cost: namely, the net cost of resignation, the training cost to be imposed, the immaterialized contribution and the saved salary.

在对员工流失成本计量的若干相关时间段(如培训期、期望贡献期等)进行系统的梳理和定义的基础上，分析了员工流失成本的构成项目：直接离职费用净额、待摊销的培训成本、员工离职未实现的贡献和员工离职给企业节省支付的报酬

The cost that this graph is mobile phone hardware follows the comparison of cost of software of mobile phone platform, everybody can see mobile phone cost or pretty are tall 2003, mobile phone operating system holds the cost of 10% whole mobile phones at that time, but come down a few years, the hardware price of mobile phone platform is to go down, dropping every year downward, the likelihood still is in surely over there by the price of software, occupy the dimensions of 10% to grow to be occupied this year only from before 25%, so this to a lot of users, I believe to any user it is very big expense, why mobile phone platform cannot quite free, why cannot fall this price lowlier quite, let more user enjoy the service of Internet, this is the platform that Gu Ge follows a lot of companies to roll out Andrord together, a moment ago David Axmark had said the benefit that opens a source.

这个图是手机硬件的成本跟手机平台软件成本的比较，大家可以看到2003年手机成本还是蛮高的，那个时候手机操作系统占到10%整个手机的成本，可是几年下来，手机平台的硬件价格是下去了，每年都在往下掉，可能受到软件的价格还是定在那里，从原来只占10%的规模成长到今年占到25%，所以这一点对于很多用户，我相信对于任何一个用户都是很大的开销，为什么手机平台不能够免费，为什么不能够把这个价格降得更低，让更多用户享受到互联网的服务，这个就是谷歌跟很多公司一起推出Andrord的平台，开源的好处刚才David Axmark已经讲了。

In contrast, the postulate that the impact of sunk cost on willingness to continue a project is moderated by risk perception is supported, with results indicating that the lower degree of risk perception will cause greater effect of sunk cost on willingness to continue a project, which will lead to the sunk cost effects more easily. Therefore, the variation in willingness to continue a project as a result of variation in level of sunk cost can be significantly better explained when risk perception is introduced as a moderating factor.

相对在调节效果方面，沉没成本水准对决策者继续投资意愿间的关系，受到同高低风险知觉情境的影响，处於风险知觉越低的情境下，沉没成本水准对决策者继续投资意愿影响显著提高，越容产生沉没成本效应，风险知觉对沉没成本水准与决策者继续投资意愿间关系具调节效果。

As the actual cost is greater than the standard cost, it is an unfavorable difference that it overspends number, generally express in positive number; As the actual cost is smaller than the standard cost, it saves number as the favorable difference, generally express with the negative number.

当实际成本大于标准成本，其超支数额为不利差异，一般用正数表示；当实际成本小于标准成本，其节约数额为有利差异，一般用负数表示。

Mobile phone RF system consists mainly of transceivers, power amplifier and antenna switch. PA might be set in the Front-End-Module or FEM. In 2G, the cost of RF system was only about US $1.5, while In 3G, the cost was increased to between US$6.0 and US$8.0, and the cost will further increased to about US$8.0 to US$10.0 in 4G, obviously, FR system had the highest cost growth during the upgrading of mobile phones.

手机射频系统有三个主要零组件，收发器、功率放大器（Power Amplifier，下简称PA）和天线开关，有时PA包含在前端模块（Front-End-Module，简称FEM）。2G时代的射频系统只占大约1.5美元的成本，3G时代则占大约6-8美元的成本，4G时代则占大约8-10美元的成本，也是手机升级换代成本增加最多的部分。

After sum-up strategic cost management and performance theory, systemic expatiate the relationship of value chain and strategic cost management along with performance evalution, conformity inside value chain,opponent value chain and domain value chain, draw the outline of whole value matrix,which point out the value chain is the base of strategic cost management, and put forward strategic cost management performance evaluation step is identify value activity,make certain value chain, pick-up the evaluation index on the value chain, exercise synthesis evaluation method to appraisement.

本文首先对国内外战略成本管理和绩效评价理论进行理论综述，在总结战略成本管理和绩效评价代表理论的基础上，系统的阐述价值链与战略成本管理及其绩效评价的关系，整合内部价值链、竞争对手价值链和产业价值链，勾勒出整合的价值链系统图，并在此基础上指出价值链是战略成本管理绩效评价的基础，并进一步提出价值链的界定、根据价值链提取评价指标、采用综合评价方法进行评价的战略成本管理绩效评价的步骤。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。