查询词典 cost absorption

The chapter two, namely the essential condition of engineering cost management of domestic and foreign countries, separately analyzes the basic domestic engineering cost management condition, the basic domestic railway engineering cost management condition and the foreign basic engineering cost management condition according to large amount of relative domestic and foreign data and information, and point out the main problem in the current railway engineering cost making system.

第2章国内外工程造价管理的基本情况，在参照大量国内外有关资料的基础上，分别分析了我国工程造价管理的基本情况、我国铁路工程造价管理的基本情况、国外工程造价管理的基本情况，指出了现行铁路工程计价体系存在的主要问题。

Atom, molecule or radical can be excited to a specific intermediate state by absorbing m laser photons, then the parent ion can be produced by absorption of another n laser photons. The ion yield can be increased drastically due to resonant absorption, comparing with the ion yield in non-resonant absorption. This multiphoton process is usully called Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization. REMPI technique plays an important role in detecting the high electronic excited states of atoms, molecules and radicals.

原子、分子、离子或自由基在同时吸收m个光子从下态共振跃迁到中间态后再吸收n个光子使其电离的过程中，下态和中间态的多光子共振吸收使得产生的离子信号强度比相应的非共振多光子电离得到的离子信号强度有很大的增强，该过程称为共振增强多光子电离REMPI。

With the establishmentof the equivalent medium model, RTM-DRE was applied to study radiative transfer intransparent medium with scattering particles. By taking into account of absorption andscatter of particles, absorption of binder and reflection of interface, the apparent spectrumabsorption model of thermal control coatings was developed by RTM-DRE combined withMies theory. Validity, computational error and time of the model were validated andanalyzed. Furthermore, the apparent spectrum absorption characteristics of thermal controlcoatings were studied, and the influences of optical characteristics of binder and particles,volume fraction of particles, particles diameter, characteristics of interface, and incidentangle of irradiance were analyzed.

采用RTM-DRE研究热控涂层内辐射传递，结合Mie氏散射理论，考虑粒子吸收与散射、基料吸收、界面反射等因素影响，建立热控涂层表观光谱吸收率计算模型，验证计算模型的正确性，分析计算模型的计算误差与计算时间；在此基础上，通过计算热控涂层表观光谱吸收率来研究热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性，分析基料与粒子光学特性、粒子体积份额、粒径、界面反射特性、辐射能量入射角等因素的影响，初步研究空间环境因素对热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性的影响，采用系统灵敏度理论定量分析热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性变化对卫星温度的影响。

To promote the body's absorption of minerals in the large intestine by bacterial fermentation to generate L-lactic acid, can be dissolved calcium, magnesium, iron and other minerals, to promote the body's absorption of minerals; experiments confirmed that the prime factor Bifidobacterium absorption rate of calcium 70.8%.

促进人体对矿物质的吸收在大肠内被细菌发酵生成L-乳酸，可以溶解钙、镁、铁等矿物质，促进人体对矿物质的吸收；实验证实，黄金双歧因子促进钙的吸收率达70.8%。

To promote the body's absorption of minerals in the large intestine by bacterial fermentation to generate L-lactic acid, can be dissolved calcium, magnesium, iron and other minerals, to promote the body's absorption of minerals; experiment confirmed that the gold Bifidus factor promoting calcium absorption rate 70.8%.

促进人体对矿物质的吸收在大肠内被细菌发酵生成L-乳酸，可以溶解钙、镁、铁等矿物质，促进人体对矿物质的吸收；实验证实，黄金双歧因子促进钙的吸收率达70.8%。

This thesis focused on studying the enhancement mechanism of additive on the absorption of water vapor by aqueous LiBr, investigating the base principles of additive on absorption process, and finding out more efficient applying methods of additive on absorption chiller than the conventional method.

在溴化锂机组的吸收器中采用添加剂促进溴化锂溶液对水蒸气的吸收是一种简单、方便、且行之有效的强化手段。本文的重点在于通过对添加剂强化机理的研究，探讨添加剂对吸收强化影响的基本规律，寻找更加有效的强化方法。

The transmission spectrum and the absorption spectrum of alcohol shows that the characteristic absorption peak shifts with alcoholicity due to the molecular configuration. A multiple regression model was established based on the position, the intensity and the shape of the characteristic absorption peak, and used to detect alcoholicity. The predictive results show a linear relationship between predicted values and real values in sonic range, and can be used as a means to detect the alcoholicity.

通过对酒精透射光谱和吸收光谱的研究发现，其特征吸收峰随浓度不同发生漂移，从分子结构能级角度对其做了定性解释；根据部分稳定的特征吸收峰处不同波长点的吸光度，利用最小二乘法建立了多元线性回归模型，运用此模型实现了根据特征吸收峰波长的位置、强度、形状来预测酒精浓度，测定数据与样品浓度之间在一定范围呈良好的线性关系。

After comparing the laser intensity absorbed due to the inverse Bremsstrahlung absorption of the plasma with that absorbed due to the Fresnel absorption on the keyhole wall, the different effects of the two energy absorption mechanisms on forming and keeping the keyhole were analyzed.

通过比较小孔内等离子体的反韧致辐射吸收的激光功率密度和小孔孔壁上的多次反射吸收的激光功率密度，分析了两种能量吸收机制在小孔形成和维持过程中所起的不同作用。

Among the large number of nonlinear absorbers, the material applied most extensively is phthalocyanine reverse saturable absorption compound which is organic large molecule with central symmetry two-dimensional π-electron conjugate system. In the off-resonance condition, its absorption coefficient will raise along with the increasing of incoming light intensity, which shows its reverse saturable absorption properties.

在非线性光学材料中目前最具应用价值的是酞菁类的反饱和吸收材料，这是一类具有中心对称二维π电子共轭体系的有机大分子，在非共振激发条件下，吸收系数往往会随入射光强的增加而增加，体现反饱和吸收。

With the use of absorption chiller performance model, an approximate calculation method was derived for the absorption chiller unit with a quantitative analysis of the effect of operating parameters on the absorption chiller performance. The formula is simple, physically clear and accurate enough. Its correctness was verified by calculation examples and model predictions were compared against performance data from experiments with favorable results.

给出单效吸收式制冷机局部定量分析近似计算方法，解决了工程上吸收式制冷机局部定量分析计算时的简化计算问题，提出的近似计算方法在精度和计算量方面均具有一定的优势，既解决了吸收式制冷机变工况计算问题，又满足实际机组经济性诊断的需要，实例计算证明了理论模型和诊断方法的准确、简捷性。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。