查询词典 coprincipal

Other problem related with negligent coprincipal is whether negligent abetment and negligent assist can be judged as negligent joint crime. The thesis disapproves the negligent joint crime concept. It holds that they are actually kinds of negligent furtherance.

过失共同正犯与过失竞合具有本质差异：其一，两者性质不同，过失共同正犯属于共同犯罪范畴，而过失竞合属于单独犯罪范畴；其二，两者在构成上存在明显差异；其三，两者在刑事责任的追究原则上存在差别。

Such is completely accord with essence of coprincipal.

聚合性和限定性是意思联络的本质属性。

You should have at least five years of workplace experience before you go on your own because you are offering your experience, says Laurie Young, coprincipal of Flexible Resources.

弹性资源公司的负责人劳丽·杨说。你在自己创业前应该至少有5年的工作经验，因为那时你在自己的经验。

The aim of the thesis is to discuss whether and why we acknowledge negligent coprincipal and then conduct a systematic research on the substantial problems such as its concept、constitution and category, as well as its correlative problems.

论文的主旨即在于探讨是否承认和出于何种理由承认过失共同正犯，在承认其成立的前提下，对过失共同正犯的概念、成立条件以及类型等本体问题和相关问题系统地进行一次考察。

In briefly, negligent coprincipal is one joint criminal pattern in which more than two doers disobey joint attention obligation. The constitution of negligent coprincipal : Firstly, number of subject of crime should be above two and they should possess criminal responsibility. Secondly, they should have joint attention obligation to avoid consequence.

过失共同正犯是指二人以上的行为人在意思联络支配下，相互利用、相互补充他人行为，合作实施具有导致危害结果发生的现实危险性的行为，从而负有防止危害结果发生的共同注意义务，但是由于全体行为人共同的不注意，以致危害结果发生的共同犯罪形态。

After the general inquiry into negligent coprincipal, the thesis' analysis is oriented to the difficulties faced with acknowledging negligent coprincipal: Firstly, it is restricted by existing criminal law.

文章否定过失共犯的概念，认为所谓的过失教唆和过失帮助其实是一种过失助成行为，一般可不予追究刑事责任，确须追究的，可以将其作为殊殊间接正犯处理。

It concludes that the essence of coprincipal lies in the fact that more than two doers regard acts of each counterpart as own ones and mutually utilizes, so as to form a uniform and organic unit and actualize component of special offence. So intention liaison is essential to coprincipal. But there is no reason to confine it to liaison of criminal intent, because it is joint act that is the central element of coprincipal. Intention liaison is only a coupling factor which facilitates joint act and explains whether act is joint. Provided that intention liaison can help to make more than two doers utilize and reinforce mutually so as to form into a uniform and organic unit, we will have full reason to regard the intention liaison as the one in terms of joint crime. Aggregation and filtration is essence of intention liaison.

关于共同正犯中意思联络的检讨，文章从个人责任原则如何在共同犯罪领域贯彻的角度出发，认为共同正犯的本质在于二人以上在具有行为相互认识的基础上，彼此将对方的行为作为自己的行为，并相互利用、相互补充，形成一个统一的有机整体，实现特定犯罪的构成要件，因此，意思联络是成立共同正犯所必需的，但是没有理由将意思联络限定于犯意的联络，因为行为之共同才是共同正犯的核心要素，意思联络只是促成并且说明行为是否共同的一个联结性要素，而不是刑法规范独立的评价对象。

Fourthly, they have joint negligence. Negligent coprincipal can be divided into two categories: pure negligent coprincipal and impure negligent coprincipal; professional negligent coprincipal and unprofessional negligent coprincipal, among which the former is according to characteristics of causation between act violating attention obligation and consequence while the latter is according to difference of categories of attention obligation violated.

过失共同正犯的成立须具备四个要件：其一，犯罪主体为二人以上且均具有刑事责任能力；其二，二人以上的行为人负有避免危害后果发生的共同注意义务；其三，二人以上的行为人合作实施了具有导致危害结果发生现实危险性的违反共同注意义务的行为；其四，二人以上的行为人在违反共同注意义务上存在共同过失。

Negligent coprincipal and intentional joint crime both belong to joint crime category and thus should be integrated into unified joint crime legislative pattern. But intentional joint crime is fundamental in reality, while negligent coprincipal is exceptional in certain extent. Furthermore, the existing joint crime legislation is established on the basis of intentional crime as its core. And the concept、constitution categorization and the assumption of criminal liability are different.

过失共同正犯与故意共同犯罪都是共同犯罪，应该包括在统一的共同犯罪立法模式下，但是，由于共同故意犯罪在现实生活中居于基础性地位，过失共同正犯具有例外性，现行共同犯罪立法也是以故意犯罪为核心建构的，而且两者在概念、成立条件、类型划分以及刑事责任的承担上，都存在一定差别，因此我国的共同犯罪立法应该采用过失共同正犯与故意共同犯罪二元一体的立法模式。

Acknowledging unpremeditated coprincipal is bound to cause drastic impact on the traditional joint crime system. Although opposing negligent coprincipal can preserve "legality" of the traditional joint crime system, a considerable portion of criminal liabilities caused by joint negligence cannot be reasonably explained under the seemingly perfect system.

肯定过失共同正犯，必然会对传统的共同犯罪制度造成极大的冲击；否定过失共同正犯，固然能够维护传统共同犯罪制度的&合法性&，但是相当一部分由于共同过失导致的犯罪现象却无法在这种看似完备的体系内得到合理的诠释，试图在理论上为追究共同过失行为人的刑事责任奠定充足的根据，更显得捉襟见肘。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失