查询词典 cooling by evaporation

The paper focuses on the tetraploidy black locust on Loess plaeatu of West Shanxi province, applys steady state promoter method and image processing technology to study the days transpiration water consumption in different weather ,different seasons and different site conditions,has primary analysis on the impact of environment on the transpiration and carries on the calculation to the tetraploidy locust tree by the single leaf water consumption to the single tree water consumption in CaiJiachuan watershed; Uses fast weighing method to measure and analyze the transpiration water consumption of five different herbs under the tetraploidy black locust forest (Capillary Wormwood,Vanilla,Agropyron Sristatum , Common Sowthistle and Medicago Sativa) in short time, in the same and different growcrop,and calculates the average transpiration water consumption per square metres ;the soil colome weighing method was used for determining diumal variation quantity of soil moisture evaporation, analyzing the dynamic variation and caculating the total quantity of soil evaporation water consumption from May to August ; then 5 kind of suppositions about the types of surface vegetation coverage are proposed in experimented site and the total evapotranspiration water consumption are calculated under 5 suppoitions ,aim at providing preliminary theoretic basis for ascertaining the transpiration water consumption of tetraploidy black locust forest,controling standing forest density and optimizing the forest grass deploy on loess plaeatu of west Shanxi province .

本文以两种不同立地条件下的四倍体刺槐林为研究对象，采用了气孔计法对蔡家川流域生长季内不同天气状况下(典型晴天、阴天和半阴天)四倍体刺槐日蒸腾耗水规律、不同季节(生长季初期、中期和末期)的蒸腾耗水规律、两种不同立地条件下四倍体刺槐蒸腾耗水比较以及影响四倍体刺槐蒸腾耗水的环境因子进行初步研究分析，并对四倍体刺槐由单叶耗水量向单株耗水量进行推算；采用经典快速连续称重法对四倍体刺槐林地生长的主要5种草本植物(白蒿、香青兰、冰草、苦苣和苜蓿)短时段内蒸腾耗水规律、不同生长季内蒸腾耗水规律、同一生长季不同种类草本植物蒸腾耗水量进行了比较分析，并且采用面积与重量比的方法推算出了单位面积四倍体刺槐林地几种主要草本植物平均蒸腾耗水量：采用土柱称重法测定了5月份～8月份土壤水分蒸发昼夜变化量、对试验期内土壤蒸发量动态变化作了分析、推算出了试验地5月份～8月份土壤蒸发耗水总量；对试验地地表植被覆盖类型提出了5种假设，推算出5种假设的情景下蒸散耗水总量，旨在为晋西黄土区四倍体刺槐林蒸腾耗水量的确定、林分密度调控以及林草优化配置等提供初步的理论依据。

Because of the regional difference of soil and climatic conditions, the division of 4 stages of soil moisture circulation is not all the same between different areas; the soil moisture dynamics between different dry farming areas in the Yellow River Basin is contrasted in this report. The results indicate that soil moisture increases gradually from dry semi-arid area to semi-arid area, dry semi-humid area and semi-humid area, and the high value district generally appears during soil moisture resuming period in rainy season or soil melting period. While the low value district appears at the stage of fast evaporation in spring or slow evaporation in autumn; in views of vertical changes of soil moisture, it is showed that the variation range of upper lays is larger than that of lower among the different dry farming areas in the Yellow River Basin.

由于各区域之间土壤、气候条件的差异，各地土壤水分循环4个阶段的划分也不尽相同；黄河流域不同旱作类型区土壤水分动态变化比较结果表明：就季节变化而言(来源：A70b0B0bC论文网www.abclunwen.com)，由半干旱偏旱区→半干旱区→半湿润偏旱区→半湿润区土壤水分含量呈逐渐增加的变化趋势，而且高值区一般出现在雨季恢复阶段或春季土壤融冻返浆时期；而低值区均出现在春季大量蒸发阶段或秋季缓慢蒸发阶段；就垂直变化而言，黄河流域不同旱作类型区土壤水分垂直变化的趋势均表现为上层变化幅度较下层大。

The steam distillation. 2.Rotary evaporation distillation, 3.supercritical extraction for the extraction of volatile oil oriental arborvitae, the experiment results showed, 1.the best conditions for the extraction by rotary evaporation are NG:water:ethanol=l:4:4 sawdust under the conditions 50 ° C in temperature, atmospheric pressure 0.1 Pa, extract maximum extraction rate of 90 minutes.

对不同方法提取得到的侧柏挥发性物质的粗提物进行了的触角电位测定和行为测定，确定了利用水蒸气蒸馏、旋转蒸发蒸馏、超临界萃取三种方法进行侧柏挥发油的提取，并通过试验得到旋转蒸发仪萃取的最佳方法为：在木屑：水：乙醇=1：4：4；50℃温度；0.1个大气压的条件下，提取90min的提取率最高。

Soil moisture evaporation decreased with the increasing of calcic nodule mass fraction in soils. When calcic nodule mass fraction reached 0.5, soil moisture evaporation amount decreased by 8 mm, accounting for 10% of total soil water content.

土壤水分蒸发量随钙结石质量分数的增加而降低，当钙结石质量分数为0.5时，土壤水分蒸发降低8 mm，占到土壤总水分的10%。

The main characteristics include: the quiet Sun corona has a rapid response to the flare heating, within 2 second the corona temperature increases nearly one order of magnitude, but later such increase becomes very slowly; the downward velocity at early stage of impulsive phase is too small to be negnected; chromospheric evaporation made by conduction shows some intensely, the maximum evaporated velocity may be as large as 1000 km/s; the chromospheric condensation appears just when the chromospheric evaporation takes place and its place always coincide with that of transition region in the early stage; the maximum of chromospheric condensation occurs also in the early stage of impulsive phase, at which the density in condensation may be larger two order of magnitude than that of surround and the downward velocity may be as large as 100 km/s; after the maximum of chromospheric condensation, its strongth decreases gradually but its width becomes greater with time and have a tendency to transport into deep chromosphere; the front of chromospheric condensation heats atmosphere obviously and the temperature in the chromospheric condensation is higher than the original case; the downware velocity of transition region may be greater than 100 km/s at the early stage; when the evaporated material collide at the top of loop, the densityand the presure there increase rapidly, which result in the formation of a shock wave; and so on.

在改善色球辐射损失和精确分辨过渡区的基础上，通过联立求解连续性方程、动量方程和能量方程，构造了一维磁限制性耀斑环在热沉积作用下的大气动力学模型，获得了耀斑热模型下脉冲相早期较为细致的大气演化理论图象，其主要特征是：耀斑对宁静日冕的加热相当迅速，仅2秒钟日冕温度增加即达一个量级，之后日冕温度增加缓慢；脉冲相早期日冕向下速度很小，几乎可以忽略，热传导驱动色球蒸发，其过程较为激烈，蒸发极大速度可达到1000km/s；色球压缩区与色球蒸发几乎同时形成，且在早期其位置总是与过渡区位置重合；色球压缩极大发生在脉冲相早期，其时密度可高于周围约2个量级，向下速度可超过100km/s；色球压缩极大后，其强度逐渐减弱，但宽度明显增大，且渐渐脱离过渡区往色球传播；压缩区内物质温度要高于原先的大气温度；过渡区下降在脉冲相早期相当迅速，可超过100km/s；当蒸发物质在环顶高速相碰时，环顶的密度、压力迅速增大，且温度也有所增加，导致形成激波，其波面以每秒上百公里的速度自环顶向下传播；在脉冲相前期，日冕软x辐射对色球的加热作用可以忽略；等。

It is concluded that the ultrafiltration preconcentration combining with multieffect evaporation is a promising concentration procedure for straw black liquor, which can not only reduce the concentration costs, but also improve the subsequent evaporation and combustion operation due to the desilicification and purification of ultrafiltration.

两种膜比较，磺化聚砜膜更易清洗，而且水通量大。5）超滤浓缩后，黑液中木素的浓度和纯度大大提高，超滤是从黑液中分离木素的理想方法。6）与多效蒸发相比，用超滤法浓缩麦草黑液可降低能耗70~85%，若用于黑液的预浓缩，再结合多效蒸发，不仅可以降低黑液的浓缩费用，而且由于除硅和纯化作用，会大大改善后继的蒸发和燃烧的操作。

The research mainly includes:(1) As for some existing problems in simplified graded-evaporation calculation anddescription of catchment impoundage, in the dissertation, taking Dahuofang Runoff Model foran example, the function of membership grade was used to fuzzily describe the evaporationand impoundage. It can solve parameter sensitivity resulted from original graded-evaporationcalculation and get a reasonable evaporation result.

主要研究内容和成果如下：(1)对产流模型中采用分级简化计算蒸发和流域蓄水容量描述存在的问题，以大伙房模型为例，首先利用隶属度函数对蒸发和蓄水容量进行模糊描述，解决了原分级计算导致蒸发参数敏感，蒸发量计算不合理的问题。

The stage integral model of evaporation amount has been inchoately set up for forecasting field evaporation amount and guiding irrigation, therefore, the system of conservation tillage can be for then developed and perfected.

初步建立了棵间蒸发量的阶段积分模型，为预测农田蒸发量，指导保护性耕作下的田间灌水管理提供理论依据，从而完善和发展了机械化保护性耕作体系，具有创新性。

Three hypotheses is put forward, based on microexamination about sample evaporation during determaination of isotope abundance by thermal ionization:1. Only atoms uncovered by outer layer atoms can be vapoured; 2. Atoms covered by outer layer atoms can diffuse but cannot vapoure; 3. The probability of diffusion of isotope atoms is in direct proportion to its probability of evaporation.

根据对热表面电离源同位素丰度测量过程中样品蒸发的微观研究，提出如下三条假设：(1 )未被外层原子覆盖的原子才能蒸发；(2 )被外层原子覆盖的原子只能扩散不能蒸发；(3 )同位素原子的扩散几率与蒸发几率成正比。

In the experimental research of phreatic evaporation from bare soil, the main influence factor to phreatic evaporation is studied.

在裸地潜水蒸发试验研究中，分析了潜水蒸发的主要影响因素，采用常用经验公式进行了参数拟合和分析。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48