查询词典 convergence in mean

We introduce the general sigma point selection framework, and give two kinds of efficient methods: a reducing the computing complexity by decreasing the number of the sigma point; b scaling the sigma points to influence the effects of the higher order moments, then improve the accuracy of the UT; c Convergence analysis of the UKF, when used as an observer for nonlinear deterministic discrete-time system, is presented. Based on the UKF that captures the posterior mean and covariance accurately to the second or third order term (in terms of Taylor series expansion) for any form of nonlinearity, sufficient conditions to ensure local asymptotic convergence are established.

论文介绍了sigma点的一般选取规则，并给出了两种有效的方法：a通过减少sigma点集合的元素的数目来减少计算复杂度，b通过增加参数来逼近泰勒展开的高阶项，从而提高UT变换的精度；c论文研究了UKF算法应用于非线性确定性离散时间系统时的收敛性问题。

From our experimental results, we find the expanding input features with back propagation learning rule can get fast convergence in training and decrease the mean absolute error between the desired output and the actual output.

实验显示，采用此种扩展型特徵值的倒传递学习法网路可以加速网路的学习效率以及降低实际输出值与期望输出值之间的绝对值误差。

After analyzing the limitation of slow convergence in adaptive Least Mean Square algorithm, it is brought forward the method of transforming signal into frequency domain, taking advantage of the orthogonality of discrete Fourier transform, the adaptive LMS filter is performed for each frequency element in transform domain.

四川大学博士学位论文在频域自适应滤波的基础上，提出了一种权值反馈方法抑制图像传输中的多个大功率平稳强窄带干扰信号，不仅能加快算法的收敛性能，并具有良好的滤波效果。

Li Xiangru found an error in Comuniciu's proof of Mean Shift convergence, and gave an indirect condition for its convergence.

李乡儒指出了Comuniciu关于算法收敛性证明中的错误，并给出了一个算法收敛的间接条件。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

The main architecture of multiple WPANs accessing the HAN is proposed. The medium access control-level coordination solution applied in the access point for the coexistence of different communication protocols within WPAN is discussed. The diagram of the adaptive FRESH filter is described. The anti-interference models of the FRESH filter in the scenario of multiple WPANs accessing the HAN are proposed. The minimum mean square error convergence property of the FRESH filter with the change in data point number is analyzed.

描述了多个无线个域网接入家域网的总体结构，讨论了应用于接入点的媒体访问控制(medium access control，MAC)级协作解决方案以保证多个无线通信协议共存于一个无线个域网内，给出了自适应频移滤波器的框图，提出了在多个无线个域网接入家域网场景中频移滤波器的抗干扰模型，分析了频移滤波器最小均方误差随数据积累点数变化的收敛性能。

The non-reference-signal's adaptive digital filter algorithm of multi-sensor data fusion in the course of adaptive filter can be done without reference signals. It can adjust convergence constant automatically, it can also be recurred with real gradient value. Thus the field to apply the adaptive filter is widened, the convergence speed of the adaptive filter is sped up, the weighted disadjustmend is decreased, so that the last error of mean square approaches its minimum value more.

这章研究的基于多传感器数据融合无参考信号的自适应数字滤波算法其在自适应滤波过程中具有不用参考信号与自动调整收敛因子及使用实际梯度值进行递推的特点，这样不仅可扩大自适应滤波的使用范围，而且还使自适应滤波的收敛速度加快有效地减小权失调，从而使最后的均方误差更接近于其最小值。

It is improved to solve the prematurely and stagnation problems of traditional Ant Colony Optimization in the paper. First, mean value method is used to update pheromone to avoid premature convergence which leads to non-globally optimal solution. Second, Pheromone is updated by Best Track to speed the rate of convergence which will help to avoid locally optimal solution.

本文针对基本蚁群算法比较容易陷入早熟和停滞，对现有蚁群算法的信息素更新规则进行了改进，一是采用平均值法更新信息素，避免算法过早收敛于非全局最优解；二是采用最佳路径法更新信息素，可加快收敛速度，并使算法跳出局部最优解。

On the basis of comparison of several algorithms of the calculation of unstable resonator"s mode. Fast Fourier transform method is chosen in this paper. The model of multi-layer distribution of gain is established. Sampling granularity in real space used in FFT, quotient of guard band and distance between subsections are made certain respectively. The convergence criterion of root-mean-square of plural y which is the quotient of the optical field"s distributions separated by one pass is established. Under the circs of multi-kind of distribution of gain and different measurement of distortion, the output optical field distribution is calculated.

在比较了各种计算腔模方法的基础上，根据角谱传播理论，选择FFT算法，建立谐振腔内多层增益分布模型，分别确定了FFT算法的空间采样间隔、保护带系数和分段计算的距离，选取光场往返一次之比的均方根值收敛准则，计算多种增益分布、不同镜面变形时的谐振腔输出光场分布，同时计算该光场的远场分布和传输有限距离之后的分布。

In Chapter 3 Firstly, the exponential stability in mean square and almost sure exponential stability for neutral stochstic neural networks with time-varying delay can be discussed by using the linear matrix inequality and the semimartingale convergence theorem; And our sufficient conditions are less conserative; Secondly, by utilizing the fixed point theorem, some sufficient and necessary conditions ensuring the asymp- totic stability in mean square for neutral stochastic neural networks with time-varying delays can be given.

第三章首先，利用线性矩阵不等式方法和半鞅收敛定理，考虑了一类具变时滞中立型随机神经网络的二阶矩指数稳定性和几乎必然指数稳定性，所得到的条件保守性要好；其次，采用不动点方法，给出了具变时滞中立型随机神经网络的二阶矩渐近稳定性的充要条件。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了