查询词典 convection heat transfer

Apart from the working limitations resulting from its structural property, the flat plate heat pipe carries out heat dissipation through the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid. Thus, if the working angle of the fluid is adverse to its backflow, the heat pipe will fail easily. Furthermore, not the orientations of all the heat sources are favorable to the functioning of the heat pipe. To compensate for this drawback, this research focuses primarily on the development of a composite structure which will reduce the effect of gravity on the working fluid. Generally speaking, the heat pipe is divided into three main categories: the groove type, sintered metal type and mesh screen type, as shown in Table 2. As far as capillary force is concerned, the sintered metal type and mesh screen type show better performance. As mentioned in R.

平板式热管除了因其结构特性而产生的工作极限之外，由于其作用乃是透过工作流体的蒸发及凝结进行散热，故若是其工作角度不利于液体之回流，便容易使热管失效，且并非所有之发热源都是位于有利于热管工作之位置，因此本研究之主要目的为设计一可减少重力对工作流体影响之复合式结构；一般而言，热管之结构大致可分为沟槽、烧结及网格三种(如表2所示)，其中烧结及网格结构有较佳之毛细力，在 R。

Based on the experime ntal researches some of heat pipe apparatus are developed, such as, giant heat p ipe steam generator, high temperature heat pipe air furnace and separate-type heat pipe steam generator at high temperature and with high heat flux. All of t hese show the progress of heat pipe tec hnology research and development in recent years.

在试验研究的基础上，又相继开发了一系列热管设备，如高含尘气体下的大型热管蒸汽发生器、燃煤高温热管热风炉以及高温高热流密度下的分离式热管取热器，从而反映了近年来热管技术研究开发的一些进展情况。

Through analysis of the thermal equilibrium to the coke oven, it's determined that the sensible heat recoveries of the hot coke physical thermal energy, crude gas, and combustion waste gas are the main three aspect of the residual heat recovery in coke production. Among these, hot coke physical thermal energy is prime recovery resource with an approximate occupation of 35% of the total coke oven heat. On studying to the production processing of coke oven gas purification system, residual heat resource composite, energy system structure, and the state of the art of the recovery of the heat source, it's determined that the way of residual heat resource utilization is mainly to modify the chemical processing and the high temperature recovery processing medium, the energy system mainly adopts home-grown energy resource (coke oven gas. etc.) in stead of direct outsourcing.

通过对炼焦炉的热平衡分析，确定了炼焦生产余热资源的回收利用主要方向为回收红焦物理热、荒煤气和燃烧废气显热，其中，红焦显热占供入焦炉热量的35%左右，是主要研究对象；通过分析煤气净化系统生产工艺和余热资源构成，以及能源系统结构和工艺现状，确定了煤气净化系统余热资源利用途径以调整化工工艺、回收高温工艺介质余热为主，能源系统以采用自产能源替代直接外购能源为主。

The transfer behavior of pyrazolone derivatives, such as antipyrine, aminopyrine, 4-aminoantipyrine and analgin, across the W/NB interface was investigated. The three medicines studied can form complex with a proton and the complex formed can transfer reversely across the W/NB interface and the transfer process was controlled by diffusion. The transfer of protonated analgin was not observed within potential window because of its high transfer potential.

研究了吡唑啉酮类的安替比林、氨基比林、4-氨基安替比林和安乃近四种药物在W/NB界面的转移行为，前三种药物在一定pH值的水溶液中结合一个质子形成1∶1质子配合物，并能在W/NB界面发生可逆转移，其转移过程受扩散控制，安乃近的质子化物由于有较高的转移电位而未在电位窗内观察到其转移峰。

In the program, user can choose multiple hidden layers and ten transfer functions for neuron including Linear transfer function, Sigmoid transfer function, Hyperbolic Tangent transfer function, Gaussian transfer function, etc. The capability of the program is better than that of program developed by our laboratory before.

本研究所开发之前馈式类神经网路视窗程式，在结构上可以选择多层的隐藏层，且转换函数有线性函数、S形函数、双曲正切函数、高斯函数等十种可做选择，比实验室开发的前一个版本，在功能上又提升了不少。

First, in this essay, the author states the reasonableness and necessity of permitting transfer of mortgaged property, affirms that mortgager will not lose the right of dispose and is entitle to transfer the property freely when the property is under mortgage. And at the same time, the author agrees the theoretical basis of droit de suite and the mortgagee's interests can be protected through the enforcement of the recovery right. Second, the author introduces the legislation of droit de suite in several countries with typical civil law legal system and analyses the particular characteristics of these different registrations. Third, the author points out the defects and malpractice of the legislations in our country after analyzing the legislation which state ambiguously the recovery right of mortgage and restricts the transfer of mortgaged property based on the tracing the development of system in respect of transfer of mortgaged property in Chinese legislation on guarantee. Finally, according to the real situation of our country, the author presents some concrete proposals on perfecting the system of transfer of mortgaged property and droit de suite of mortgage to reach the balance between static safety of property rights and dynamical safety of transactions with the reference to successful expericnees of other countries.

本文首先从理论依据出发，论述允许抵押物转让的合理性与必要性，肯定抵押人在抵押期间不丧失对抵押物的处分权，可以自由转让抵押物，同时认为抵押权追及力的存在具有理论基础，通过赋予抵押权以追及效力即可保障抵押物转让关系中抵押权人的利益；其次，简要介绍几个具有典型意义的大陆法系国家关于抵押权追及力的立法状况，分析各国立法的侧重点；再次，结合我国担保立法关于抵押物转让制度的发展轨迹，对我国立法未明确承认抵押权所固有的追及效力，且限制抵押物转让的规定进行剖析，认为存在一定的疏漏和弊端，具有明显的不合理性；最后，根据我国国情，并借鉴国外立法的成功经验，提出完善我国抵押物转让及抵押权追及制度的具体立法建议，以寻求物权的静态安全与交易活动的动态安全的平衡。

Data for the study were collected by field survey and collection of second-hand material.The main conclusions of the study include: 1 the transfer of collective forest land and stumpage will determine to what extent the aims of the current institutional reform will be achieved; 2 at present the transfer is highly affected by the transfer institution, while the requirement of transaction in the market is not suited to farmers; 3 farmers earn money from the transfer, while they do not benefit reasonably from the transfer; 4 farmers'economic activities are not completely rational, and their economic behaviors are affected by cognitive degree on the institution, non-agricultural production activities, investment in forestry, and family status; 5 there are large variations among those who take over different forest lands and stumpages, however they all try to maximize their owns profits; and 6 policy regulation plays negative influence on the development of transaction market.

本研究结论如下：第一，集体林地林木流转的开展情况对于集体林权制度改革目标实现的影响重大；第二，集体林地林木流转现状反映了现行流转制度安排；第三，农户通过流转得以增收，但流转收益并不完全具有合理性；第四，农户转出林地林木行为受制度认知程度、非农生产活动、林业生产投入和家庭状况等多层面因素影响；第五，受制度约束影响，受让方流转行呈现差异性；第六，政策规制的存在，影响了流转市场发育。

There is a positive relationship between the degree of knowledge tacitness and transfer cost; there is a negative relationship between the degree of knowledge overlap and transfer cost; there is a positive relationship between the degree of physics distance and transfer cost, but the relationship is not that significant; there is a positive relationship between the hierachical distance and transfer cost; there is a negative relationship between the trust and transfer cost.

结论如下：首先，从知识情境来说，知识隐含性与知识转移成本成正相关关系；其次，在相关情境重，部门差距与知识转移成本的正相关关系这一假设未能通过验证，知识重叠性与知识转移成本成负相关关系；知识转移双方物理距离与知识转移成本成正相关关系，但显著性处于临界状态，不能完全支持假设；职位距离与知识转移成本成正相关关系；在接收者情境中，基于能力的信任和基于善心的信任与知识转移成本成负相关关系。

Thermal transfer business card printing and membership card making fanwei hot press transfer business card printing and membership card making and sublimation thermal transfer business card printing and membership card production, deink thermal transfer business card printing and membership card production, flocking thermal transfer business card printing and membership card production, the transfers printed cards.

热转移制卡和会员卡制作主要有热压转移制卡和会员卡制作、升华热转移制卡和会员卡制作、脱墨热转移制卡和会员卡制作、植绒热转移制卡和会员卡制作、热转印制卡等。

The proportion of rents that firms get depends on their network capability. This reveals the essential relationships between network resource, network rents and network capability: First of all, network rents come from the network resources. Furthermore, network rent is the representative of the competitive advantage and the value of the network resource. Second, network resource is the foundation of the network capability, the function of network capability is activated in the process of using network resource by firm. It enables the network resource to be a potential value resource of the competitive advantage. At last, network capability activates the network rents in the network resource, and make sure that the firm get the additional benefit;(4) the network capability can be classified as: network visioning capability, network constructing capability, network operating capability and network constructing capability. Some factors, such as maturity of IT, openness of culture, management system involved, experience of participation in network, have a positive effect on the network capability of the firm;(5) the impact of network capability on innovation performance is realized through knowledge transfer between network partners, namely, knowledge transfer is the mediator; and (6) the type of innovation network, exporation network or exploitation network, has moderator effect on the relationship of network capability and knowledge transfer, and network capability and innovation performance as well. In the exploration network, network constructing capability has more effect on the performance of the knowledge transfer and innovation. In the exploitation network, network operating capability has more effect on the performance of the knowledge transfer and innovation.

通过对创新网络环境下网络资源、网络租金和网络能力的概念界定和内涵分析，本研究辨析了三者之间以及它们与竞争优势之间的本质关系：首先，网络资源是网络租金的来源，而网络租金是企业竞争优势的表征，也是网络资源的价值体现；其次，网络资源是网络能力的基础，而网络能力在运用网络资源的过程中发挥其作用，实现了网络资源成为竞争优势源泉的内在价值；最后，网络能力激活了蕴涵在网络资源中的网络租金，并确定企业获得这种额外收益的份额，网络租金正是网络能力发挥作用的成果；(4)企业网络能力可以分成网络规划能力、网络配置能力、网络运作能力和网络占位能力四种，本研究的实证结果表明企业的IT成熟度、文化开放度、网络管理体系和网络活动经验都能够正向影响企业的网络能力水平，因而企业可以通过改善上述各种因素的水平来实现提升企业网络能力的水平；(5)企业网络能力对企业创新绩效的促进作用更多地是通过正向影响知识转移实现的，即知识转移在其中起到了中介作用；(6)创新网络的类型，即探索型创新网络和利用型创新网络，分别在网络配置能力和网络运作能力与知识转移之间的关系中，以及在网络配置能力和网络运作能力与创新绩效之间的关系中起到调节作用，在探索性创新网络中，企业的网络配置能力对提升企业获得的知识转移绩效和创新绩效更为重要；而在利用性创新网络中，企业的网络运作能力对提升企业获得的知识转移绩效和创新绩效更为重要。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48