查询词典 control building

In building a well-to-do society, the bringing-up ratio is overestimated or underestimated by the analysis on the ratio due to the different population policy under the condition of increasing aging population, the under-construction of social guarantee system, and the arduous task of population control.

基于我国人口老龄化逐渐加重，社会全民保障体系尚未建立与完善，人口控制任务依然艰巨的情形下，通过指出在抚养比的计算中存在的问题，以及比较分析不同人口政策的抚养比，借以阐述我国的抚养比存在失真，即存在"高估"或"低估"现象。

Therefore,the research on the management and control of the Building Material Supply System is very important.

因此，对于工程材料供应系统可靠性管理与控制的研究，无论是对于建筑工程项目还是施工企业都显得十分重要。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component.For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material .distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper.For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space stateinformatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision.Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为(n-1)维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料(单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待)、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

In this paper we combining connecting tunnel project of Subway Line 4 at Xidan-lingjing bystreet in Beijing. To aim at the difficulties of building large-span connecting tunnels in the fine sand layer, through roads and underground pipelines, construction nearby buildings and other project difficulties. Using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, field tests and other research methods to comprehensive and systemic research the stratum deformation mechanism and process control techniques of shallow excavation method, and a series of results were obtained. Firstly, use the stochastic media theory to analyze the stratum deformation mechanism, concretely analyze the analytic equation of surface horizontal displacement and deformation which were caused by the excavation of single-hole and double-hole tunnel, and further discussion on ground settlement, vertical deformation, surface horizontal displacement and horizontal deformation. Analyzing the main influence factors of surface displacement, and combined with practical work to proof the theory which was applied to shallow buried single-hole tunnel in fine sand layer was scientific.

本文结合北京地铁四号线西单～灵境胡同渡线隧道工程，针对在粉细砂地层中修建大跨渡线隧道，下穿道路和地下管线，临近建筑物施工等工程难点，利用理论分析、数值模拟、和现场监测等多种研究手段，对浅埋暗挖隧道地层变位机理及控制技术，深入地进行全面和系统的研究，并取得以下成果：(1)引入随机介质理论，对地层变位机理进行了分析，具体分析了单、双孔隧道开挖引起的地表位移及变形的解析方程，并深入探讨了地表沉降、垂直变形、地表水平位移和水平变形的特点，同时分析了影响地表位移的主要因素，并结合工程实例，佐证该理论应用于粉细砂地层浅埋暗挖单孔地铁隧道的科学性。

Building the fiscal cadastre is a field exercise that requires tight quality control .

建立财产地籍簿是一次很好的质量控制实习。

Related with the traffic status of our country, the content of this paper is combined with practical application. The paper studies how to investigate traffic status in urban signal intersection, By field observing and videography, this paper get the geometry formal、traffic control and traffic running state of Xingtan road and Wenhuiyuan north road intersection, which can be support database for model building and model testing. On currently basic design principles of signal phase, through deep study of signal phase and canalization design.

本文结合我国目前的交通状况，着力将所要研究的内容与实际应用结合起来，研究了城市信号交叉口交通调查的方法，通过实地观测和摄像的手段获得杏坛路与文慧园北路交叉路口的几何形式、交通管理和交通运行状况的信息，以此作为建立模型和验证模型的支持数据，并在现有信号相位设计基本原则的基础上，深入研究了混合通行情况下的相位方案及渠化设计。

Building the systems of cost control, of accounting, of inventory management, of supply chain management, of cash management, of customer relationships, and of benchmarking.

建立成本控制、财务、库存管理、供货链管理、现金管理、客户服务、基准评价等系统，都不是企业结构的改变能作到的，而只能通过管理和企业文化的转变得以实现。

Building automation system is a catchall for a sprawling category of control and communication technologies.

智能建筑是中国21世纪大型建筑物发展的主要趋势，它包含了各种繁杂的控制和通讯技术。

The development of the building equipment automation makes the centralized control of air conditioning possible.

自动化及电子技术的发展和完善，使空调系统的集中控制成为可能。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。