查询词典 contribution

Article 31After making the first installment of the contribution, the foreign investor shall make the remaining installments of the contribution strictly as scheduled In the event that a foreign investor is in arrears with the contribution for 30 days without any justification, the case shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 30 of these Rules

第三十一条第一期出资后的其他各期的出资，外国投资者应当如期缴付。无正当理由逾期30天不出资的，依照本实施细则第三十条第二款的规定处理

In this paper, fuzzy theory, Markov chain and RFM model are integrated to evaluate customer lifetime values. This approach calculates the profit contribution of customers in every purchasing situation. Firstly, customer purchasing state is updated contiguously by fuzzy theory and RFM model with transition matrix which represents the probabilities among purchasing states. Then the profit contribution of each period is computed by using revenue and cost data. Finally, the profit contribution of each customer is accumulated through some discounting consideration. This will construct the final customer lifetime values.

本研究结合模糊理论、马可夫链、和RFM(recency， frequency， monetary； RFM)模式，配合折现模式来计算顾客终身价值，其中模糊理论及RFM模型定义顾客之购买状态，马可夫链则推算顾客在每期购买状态改变的机率，然后推估出顾客在每期交易的转换机率，再结合产品的收益与成本资料，算出顾客在各期对公司的利润贡献，最后将各期的利润贡献折现加总，计算出各种购买状况下的顾客价值，利用此顾客价值就可指出哪些是对企业有利的顾客。

Chapter six presents such new concepts as margin utility contribution force, profit-risk exchange rate, state-expectation-variance utility function, long-term expectation-variance utility curve and optimal portfolio expansion curve. The state-expectation-variance analytical method is developed from the expectation-variance analytical method. The changing rate of profit-risk exchange rate to state variable is used to define and distinguish the decreasing, constant and increasing relative risk aversion. A decomposition formula about the margin contribution force of holding wealth to state-expectation-variance utility function is displayed. The decomposition formula demonstrates that the contribution force of investors' holding wealth to their utility is composed of the pure contribution force of holding wealth and the investment contribution force bronght about through investment portfolio.

第六章提出了边际效用贡献力、收益—风险替换率、状态—期望—方差效用函数、长期期望—方差效用曲线、最优证券组合扩展线等新概念；把期望—方差分析方法发展成状态—期望—方差分析方法；用收益—风险替换率对状态变量ω的变化率来定义和区分递减、定常、递增相对风险厌恶；获得了持有财富对状态—期望—方差效用函数的边际贡献力的分解式，该分解公式表明投资者的持有财富对他的效用的贡献力由持有财富本身的纯贡献力和持有财富通过投资证券组合所产生的投资贡献力所组成。

For the inconsistency and paradox between the traditional accounting result of the contribution ratio of export to economic growth and the positive conclusion of the contribution made by export to economic growth, this paper considers that the main reason for this paradox is that, when the contribution ratio to GDP of consumption, investment and export is measured by traditional method, the different effects of import in the gross accounting of GDP and the decomposing calculation of contribution ratio is confounded, then, the principle of matching decomposition of import item in consumption, investment and export is disobeyed, so the real contribution of export to China's economic growth is greatly underestimated.

针对出口对经济增长贡献率的传统测算结果与出口对经济增长实证结论之间的矛盾和悖论，本文认为造成这一悖论的主要原因是传统测算方法在考量消费、投资和出口对GDP的贡献时混淆了进口在GDP总量核算和贡献率分解核算中的不同作用，违背了贡献率核算中的进口项在消费、投资和出口中的匹配分解原则，从而大大低估了出口对中国经济增长的真实贡献。

The article 27 of new Corporate Law broadens the forms of capital contribution, though equity contribution is not officially listed in the enumerative capital contribution forms, in fact equity contribution has been recognized by means of academic theories and corporate practices, equity contribution cases are increased gradually, especially it is common in the process of state owned enterprises' recombination and listing, equity contribution already had its survival space.

新《公司法》第27条大幅放宽了股东出资的方式，虽然股权出资未被明确纳入列举的出资形式当中，但无论从理论方面还是公司实践方面，股权出资已经被认可，以股权作为出资的案例在公司的实践中逐渐增多，特别是在国有企业改组上市的过程中较为普遍，股权出资获得了生存的空间。

Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work, where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their Contribution alone or by combination of their Contribution with the Work to which such Contribution was submitted.

以本许可证的条款为准，每一个贡献者据此授予您一个永久的、全球范围的、非专有的、免费的、无版税的、不可废止的专利许可证，用于制造，授予他人制造，使用，给予他人销售，销售，输入，以及其他方式传递原作品，这样的许可证仅仅适用于那些可获得许可证的专利权，它们的贡献者必然被侵权，或者由于他们单独的贡献，或者由于他们的贡献合并了包括侵权贡献的原作品。

The experiment of privates providing public goods includes subjects, initial endows, providing mechanism and payoff function, the reason that the practical voluntary contribution excels the dominant equilibrium is human behavior with homo-economics, including pure altruism, warm-glow effects. reciprocal, conformity effect and noise; Reducing the contribution cost may improve the level of voluntary contribution, incentive mechanisms include dynamic game, stake distribution, encouragement and punishment, symmetrical information, communicating each other and re-grouping.

公共产品私人提供实验一般包括实验受体、初始禀赋、供给机制和支付函数等，公共产品私人提供偏离占优策略均衡主要是因为人的行为对利己、理性的背离，包括利他主义、光热效应、互惠行为、遵奉效应以及噪音或决策失误等；而通过降低公共产品的私人贡献成本可以提高公共产品私人贡献水平，这种激励机制主要包括博弈动态化、合理分配赌注、建立奖惩机制、公开贡献信息、受体相互交流以及受体重新分组等。

When there is a general average loss, the party on whom it falls is entitled, subject to the conditions imposed by maritime law, to a ratable contribution from the other parties interested, and such contribution is called a general average contribution

在危险发生时，为保护共同冒险中处于危险的财产，如果有意而合理地作出或产生任何特殊牺牲或费用，即构成共同海损行为。

Where there is a general average loss, the party on whom it falls is entitled, subject to the conditions imposed by the maritime law, to a ratable contribution from the other parties interested, and such contribution is call general average contribution.

如果发生共同海损损失，根据海商法规定的条件，遭受损失的一方有权从其他有关利益方得到比例分摊，这种分摊称为共同海损分摊。

By means of sorting out and analyzing contrastively legislative precedents of different countries in the world, we know that the civil law system is adapt to the legal capital system, which is limited about the contribution by shareholders, such as labor services and credit; the Anglo-American law system is more flexible, there are some principles ,such as real value, goodwill, pierce the veil on the company, to protect the creditor; Moreover, the objects of the contribution by shareholders in our country are analyzed in details compassing currency contribution and non-currency contribution (tangible assets and intangible assets) contribution.

1通过对比世界各国立法，可以看到：大陆法系国家大多奉行法定资本制，对劳务、信用等出资形式严格限制，英美法系国家则一般对出资内容的规定较灵活，但又辅之以真实价值、善意、揭开公司面纱等原则，用以保障债权人交易安全；(2)股东出资之标的物从总体上可以分为两大类：货币出资和非货币出资(包括有形财产出资和无形财产出资)。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。