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Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.
绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病,不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病,在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况;这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是,单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%;并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且,这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后,而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖,遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以,白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。
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Stress reduces neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus subgranular zone, but it is unknown if stress-induced changes in neurogenesis contribute to individual vulnerability. Using a chronic social defeat stress model, we explored whether the susceptibility to stress-induced social avoidance was related to changes in SGZ proliferation and neurogenesis.
长期压力已知会引起一些精神疾病,可是尚不清楚一些人比另外一些人更容易产生这些症状的神经器官基矗Bmelia Eisch及其同事研究了大脑的海马区——对进修和记忆具有重要性的区域——并探索了神经器官形成对受压力影响严重的大脑功能的作用。
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You have chosen to be at the forefront of the change that is coming, to contribute to building the new forms that will support a superconscious reality.
当你还是小孩子时你可能会觉得你有一个特别的目的或使命你们每一个人生来都有目的,一个没有人可以取代的特别角色。
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You have chosen to be at the forefront of the change that is coming, to contribute to building the new forms that will support a superconscious reality.
你已选择要成为前来变化之先锋,为超意识的实相建立新形式而贡献。
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Occurrence of P-and C-tapetal cells is supposed to ensure sustainable supply with nutrients to pollen grains, and therefore contribute to cooperative complement of tapetal degeneration and pollen development.
绒毡层细胞以严格程序分批退化,保证了绒毡层向花粉提供养料的延续性,使得绒毡层退化与花粉发育2种相反的过程协同完成。
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But I do ask that you use your education to pursue only the worthiest of goals; goals that can contribute to betterment of the lives of pthers; and goals that give you personal satisfaction because of their contribution to the society we live in....
但我恳切的请求你们把学到的最有价值的只是用在最值得追求的目标上;致力于给他人创造更美好的生活;这样你才会因为对我们生活的社会做出贡献而令自己感到满意。。。。
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Tailored for the Chinese market Makes"YaLi brand"catena technics candy,In order to enhance the quality of life of the Chinese nation to contribute to,Confectionery market in China will eventually become the number one brand!
三、为中国市场量身打造的'雅丽牌'全系列工艺糖果,为提高中华民族的生活品质作出贡献,最终成为中国糖果市场的第一品牌!
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The fifth typhoon named HaiTang landed in Fujian in 2005, then it moved to northwest. During this movement, there was a mesoscale convective cloud increasing quickly, within the periphery of cloud cinctures of typhoon connected with tropical convergence cinctures. And the MCS caused heavy rainf all in the eastern and northern part of Wenzhou, which made the more dangerous weather than typhoon. In a word, it was important to research the developmental mechanism of MCS, for the new discovery could contribute to forecasting rainstorm caused by the landing typhoon in the future.
2005年05号台风&海棠&登陆福建后,在外围云系里有个明显发展的中尺度对流云团经过温州东部及北部地区,引起了强降水,从而造成比热带风暴环流本身更具破坏力的强烈天气,因此研究台风内中尺度对流系统的发展机制能够为预报台风灾害提供依据。
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The job of newspapers is to add to the intelligence and knowledge of the public, not take away from it or contribute to the general dumbing down taking place in other outlets like radio and television.
报纸的工作是增加公众的智力和知识性,而不是采取远离事实——报道些一般发生在其他商店或电台、电视台的事情。
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There are significant hurdles though to getting more people to contribute to blogs.
有一些严重的障碍阻止了更多的人加入博客领域。
- 推荐网络例句
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As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.
每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸,那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛,她便会相信,他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。
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Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.
也许他们将在壶穴里消失
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But because of its youthful corporate culture—most people are hustled out of the door in their mid-40s—it had no one to send.
但是因为该公司年轻的企业文化——大多数员工在40来岁的时候都被请出公司——一时间没有好的人选。