查询词典 constitutional

Whereas in post-Napoleonic Germany publicity as the organizational principle of a liberal constitutional state found its first eloquent champions, and whereas at the time Welcker and Feuerbach advocated publicity in the parliament and in the judiciary in conjunction with a freely developing, critically debating political daily press, one is concerned today to shield parliamentary deliberations and judicial processes from a plebiscitary public.

德国议会上院已经建议不再直播议会例会；刑事律师和法官甚至更强烈的要求不惜使用一切法律手段，（如果还不能奏效，就改变司法程序，）来阻止广播和电视对庭审作现场报道。在两种情况中，公开性的原则可能减至对'亲自到场的公众准入性'的最低保证。

To do so, we have to make a serious study of the hows and whys of constitutional government.

为了答复问题，就得好好研究一下宪政的道理。

She smiled wryly."Of course his methods are not exactly constitutional."

他略带挖苦地说，"当然手段也和平常的手段不一样。"

Genre analysis is helpful in overcoming prejudice and absolutization and significant for the development of constitutional jurisprudence study.

将类型化方法引入宪法学研究中有助于克服价值偏见及认识上的绝对化，对宪法学研究得以更大的发展具有重要意义。

This observation would imply that Chinese transition could not and cannot feasibly operate as a jump towards a liberal free market society, but clearly has the features of a liberalizing constitutional process that allows for an increasing inclusiveness, so that it corresponds to Professor Vanbergs notion of normative individualism, adding adaptative rationality.

这一观察说明，无论过去和现在，在奔向自由市场经济社会的途路上，中国的转型都不可能跳跃式地发展，但却显然具有自由化宪政程序的特征，且该宪政程序的包容性日益增强，如此，在添加了适应性理性之后，这种做法便与范伯格教授之规范性个人主义可以相对应起来了。

I will compress them within the narrowest compass they will bear, staling the general principle, but not all its limitations. Equal and exact justice to all men, of whatever state or persuasion, religious or political; peace, commerce, and honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none; the support of the State governments in all their rights, as the most competent administrations for our domestic concerns and the surest bulwarks against antirepublican tendencies; the preservation of the General Government in its whole constitutional vigor, as the sheet anchor of our peace at home and safety abroad; a jealous care of the right of election by the people--a mild and safe corrective of abuses which are lopped by the sword of revolution where peaceable remedies are unprovided; absolute acquiescence in the decisions of the majority, the vital principle of republics, from which is no appeal but to force, the vital principle and immediate parent of despotism; a well-disciplined militia, our best reliance in peace and for the first moments of war, till regulars may relieve them; the supremacy of the civil over the military authority; economy in the public expense, that labor may be lightly burthened; the honest payment of our debts and sacred preservation of the public faith; encouragement of agriculture, and of commerce as its handmaid; the diffusion of information and arraignment of all abuses at the bar of the public reason; freedom of religion; freedom of the press, and freedom of person under the protection of the habeas corpus, and trial by juries impartially selected.

我打算尽量简略地加以陈述，只讲一般原则，而不讲其全部范畴：不管人们的地位、宗教信仰或政治主张有何不同，人人都应得到平等和绝对公正的待遇；与所有国家和平相处，互相通商，并保持诚挚的友谊，但不与任何国家结盟，以免纠缠不清；维护各州政府的一切权利，使它们成爲处理我们内政最合适的机构，以及抵制反共和趋势的最有力的屏障；维护全国的政府，使之能充分行使宪法赋予的权力，从而成爲对内和平和对外安全的最后堡垒；要十分注意维护人民的选举权，因爲革命留下的弊端，一时没有和平的补救办法，而人民选举权乃是对那些弊端的一种温和而安全的矫正手段；要绝对服从多数的决定，这是共和政体的主要原则，离开这个原则，便只好诉诸武力，而这就是专制的主要原则和直接起源；要维持一支纪律严明的民团，以作爲和平时期和战争初期的最好依仗，直至正规军来接替；实行文权高于军校的政制；节省政府开支，减轻劳动人民的负担；如实偿还我们的债务，把维护政府的信用看作神圣的义务；促进农业发展，并鼓励以商辅农；传播知识并以公衆理智爲依据谴责一切弊端；保障宗教自由及出版自由，并以人身保护令以及由公平选出的陪审团进行审判来保障人身自由。

The main purport is to emphasize constitutional background of associational autonomy.

在本部分中，作者首先从行业协会的宪法基础出发，着重论述了结社自由权的缘由，起源和构成要素，其主旨在于强调行业协会自治的宪法性背景。

I believe that constitutional method figured byconstitution litigation can divide into three types, namely, suppressed,autocephalous and revolving constitution method.

前两种类型由于在现实社会中不可能绝对存在，因此，笔者将其称为理想主义的宪法诉讼及其塑造的秩序。

Though he maintained the trappings of a constitutional monarchy, he in fact ruled autocratically, relying on SAVAK, a dreaded secret police, to suppress all forms of opposition.

尽管他保持了服饰的君主立宪制，他在独裁统治的事实，依靠SAVAK ，一个可怕的秘密警察，以禁止一切形式的反对。

Born in Besan on, France, in 1802, Hugo grew up in the years of Napoleon Bonaparte's empire.In 1815 the empire collapsed at the battle of Waterloo, which Hugo describes in detail in Les Misérables, and a constitutional monarchy was established.

雨果1802年出生在法国的贝尚松，成长在拿破仑波拿巴帝国时期。1815年，拿破仑王朝在滑铁卢战役中灭亡，雨果在悲惨世界中对这场战争做了详细的描述，一个君主立宪制的国家随之建立。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！