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A larger error often occurs in measured results by multi-specimen J-R curve method because of the difficulty in determining the blunting line equation. On the basis of considering the effect of loading rate on plastic-flow stress, a new blunting line equation in dynamic loading has been obtained: J=2NK0.5(subscript εFΔa.

针对多试样J-R阻力曲线法因钝化线的不易确定性常造成测试结果J误差较大的情况，考虑了加载速率对塑性流变应力的影响，给出了一新的动载条件下的钝化线方程：J=2NK0.5

First, the model is set up based on the traditional method of defuzzifying. Then a fuzzy nonlinear pragramming inventory model with fuzzy constraints is established by considering the fuzzy demand as fuzzy constraints. According to the principle of maximal membership grade, the model is transformed into a deterministic nonlinear programming to find out the optimal solutions.

文章首先建立了基于传统逆模糊化方法的库存模型；然后，通过把模糊需求看成模糊约束条件，建立了一个带有模糊约束的模糊非线性规划模型，进而根据最大隶属原则，将模型转化为确定型非线性规划问题，寻求最优解。

Secondly, a joint pricing and capacity allocation model is formulated considering bulk demand. Chance constrained programming is used to transform the stochastic model. Numerical examples show our model and method is more near the simulation results than the deterministic programming and bigger learning coefficient leads to higher profit contribution.

接着，建立了考虑批量需求的BTO模式下制造企业定价与能力分配的集成模型，利用机会约束规划方法对此随机模型进行转化和求解，算例仿真表明机会约束规划方法较确定性规划方法更好地反映了随机连续需求的分布和波动特征，其期望利润贡献与仿真结果更接近；学习效率越大，最优价格越低，接受订单数量越多，期望利润贡献越高。

The main contributions are summarized as the following.Firstly, assuming demand is segmented by order lead time, a joint pricing and capacity allocation model is formulated considering scenario-based demand. Due to the stochastic discrete variable in the model, robust optimization is used to solve the model. Numerical examples prove our model and method reflect the stochastic characteristics of demand and provide more pratical pricing and capacity allocation policies than other methods of deterministic and stochastic expectation programming methods especially when the capacity is tight.

本文的创新之处概括为如下几个方面：首先，假设制造企业根据交货提前期对市场细分，建立了考虑需求情境的BTO模式下制造企业定价与能力分配的集成模型，利用稳健优化规划方法对此随机模型进行转化和求解，算例仿真表明随机优化规划方法较确定性规划和随机期望值规划方法更好地反映了随机离散需求的分布和波动特征，更加接近实际运作情况；产能越紧张，各类需求的价格差距越大，三种规划方法给出的最优策略差距越大。

Considering the characteristics of detritus image, this article proposed an improved segmentation method based on watershed transformation.

针对岩屑图像的特征，提出了一种改进的分水岭算法分割方案。

For most adults,the very idea of considering children as sexual objects is an unfathomable deviancy.

对多数的成年人而言，将儿童视为性的对象是匪夷所思的反常行为。

Devil May Cry 4 was originally a PlayStation 3 exclusive, but as the Xbox ... But outsiders considering a dance with this devil are better off just ...

魔鬼五月哭4 ，原本是一个PlayStation 3的排他性的，但由于在Xbox ……但考虑到外界的一种舞蹈，与这个魔鬼是较佳的只是。。。

Study results indicate that the horizontal projection length of diagonal cracks cannot be predicted accurately when considering shear span ratio and strength ratio of longitudinal steels to stirrups separately. However the horizontal projection length can be well predicted through integrating these two influence factors due to their well representation of the entire process of diagonal cracks' occurring and development.

分析结果表明，单独考虑剪跨比和纵筋－箍筋强度比都不能很好地预测斜裂缝水平投影长度，而将两者结合能够较好地反应斜裂缝出现和发展的全过程，从而准确地计算斜裂缝水平投影长度。

I n this note,a necessary and sufficient condition of diagonalization for square matrix is considering.

方阵是否可以对角化，是矩阵的一条很重要的性质。

Considering different factors, for example ,the variation of the length and the separation of the soil nails, and the diametric of the mixing piles on the strut frame made of composed soil nails is how to affect the stability and deformation of the strut frame made of composed soil nails.

考虑不同的参数，比如土钉长度变化、土钉间距变化、搅拌桩桩径变化等对复合土钉支护结构稳定性以及变形的影响。

Nowadays, most of research are to build a transmutative Petri Nets through adding controlling place sets, controlling arc sets and controlling policy to the basic Petri Nets, while the Controlled Petri Nets could be used to argue many controlling theory problems conveniently and to induce many logically and physically supervisory and solve the Event Feedback Controlling Problems and State Feedback Controlling Problem in DEDS supervisory theory.

目前大多数的研究表现为在变形后的受控Petri网基础上，利用各种方法求得各种逻辑型、结构型控制器，解决DEDS监控理论中的事件反馈控制问题与状态反馈控制问题。

On one hand, there are discussions with the works council and union about extension of short time working up to the end of September.

一方面，有讨论，工程理事会和联盟关于延长工作时间短至9月底。