查询词典 conical projection

Central projection: When the lines of projection meet at a point

中心投影法：投射线汇交于一点的投影法称为中心投影法。

In this paper, according to the characteristics of central projection, aerial photograph s were analyzed to discuss displacement of images under tilt conditin or caused by ground undulation, based on which the principles of tilt error and projection error were summarized.

本文以航空摄影测量像片为分析对象。根据中心投影的特性，论述了像片在倾斜条件下所引起的像点位移和像片因地面起伏而引起的像点位移，在对其进行分析的基础上总结出倾斜误差和投影误差的规律，从而说明了不能把像片当作地形图使用。这是使用航空像片时必须注意的基本问

According to the characteristics of the gray projection curves, a pair of maximum and minimum points are found near the central position of each gray projection curve.

照相机在靠近或远离目标景物的运动过程中，如保持聚焦中心点不变，则前后两帧图像间存在一致的缩放关系。

According to the characteristics of the gray projection curves, a pair of maximum and minimum points are found near the central position of each gray projection curve. The differences in position are calculated respectively and the scale change parameter is obtained as the ratio of both differences.

此时，可根据尺度变化下图像灰度累积投影曲线的特点，分别计算参考帧和当前帧的投影曲线上一对极大—极小值点的坐标差值，以它们的比值作为缩放系数，实现实时求取。

By taking advantage of a corollary of the Desargues theorem and the corresponging extension of Desarguesian configuration, the concept of stereohomology has been defined in projective geometry and presented based on homogeneous coordinates. Consequently, a series of geometrical transformations, such as central projection, parallel projection, centrosymmetry, translation transformation, reflection, rotation transformation, which can be contained in it or derived from it have also been analytically defined.

利用Desargues定理的一个推论和引申的Desargues图形，给出"空间透射"在射影几何意义下基于齐次坐标表象的解析定义，从而解析定义了可蕴涵其中的中心投影、平行投影、中心对称、平移、反射等几何变换以及可由此衍生出的旋转变换。

Combined with engineering applications,the method directly utilizes rectangular information of the scene and the centrical projection relation of the point to obtain the projection relation of the lines.

本方法结合工程应用实际，直接利用场景的直角信息，根据点的中心投影关系，推导直线的投影关系，基于平面上不平行的3条直线，由单幅图像线性的高精度的标定出摄像机内、外参数。

In this paper, the theory and method of polynomials for conformal projection transformation and their application in CAC and in the construction of GIS are systematically discussed. Also introduced is the programme package in BASIC and FORTRAN for conformal projection transformation.

本文系统地讨论了等角投影变换的正形变换多项式的理论、方法及其在计算机制图和地理信息系统建设中的若干应用问题，并同时介绍了《等角投影变换BASIC、FORTRAN程序软件包》的有关内容。

As to the remaining parameters, two methods are developed: first, accepting that the projection function complies with a circular function within at least a part of a given field of view, constrained by the obtained object-to-image radial mapping and a constant focal length, the best-fitting point of the optical origin is tested along the optical axis; secondly, referring to the postulation of the exclusively bilateral mapping between an imaged point and its scenic sight ray, a measuring technique is developed to survey the world coordinates which will fabricate a projecting path to the imaged points located on the imageable region of the image plane in order to directly model the projection geometries involved.

而针对其余参数本文提出两种解题方法：其一是根据『在「部分视野角范围」内，鱼眼相机的投射模型符合一典型的「圆形函数」』以标靶实体与其影像尺寸为限制条件，测试光学轴上的最佳视觉参考点、鉴定最适当的投射模型、焦距、及有效的视野角度范围。其二是根据『一视野线排他性地与对应「呈影点」一一映射』参考一呈影点来搜寻空间中对应视野线的绝对座标后，据以演绎相机内部影像形成的模型。

Furthermore, the first-order optimality condition and its equivalent reformulations for generalized semi-infinite max-min programming with a non-compact set are presented using the lower-Hadamard directional derivative and subdifferential.2. Chapter 3 studies the gradient-type methods for unconstrained optimization problems. Section 1 proposes a new class of three-term memory gradient methods. The global convergence property of the method is established. Furthermore, in order to improve the convergence property of the method, a new class of memory gradient projection methods is presented with the property that the whole sequence of iterates converges to a solution to the problem under the conditions such as pseudo-convexity and continuous differentiability of objective function. In section 2, two new classes of methods, called gradient-type method with perturbations and hybrid projection method with perturbations, are proposed. In these methods, non-monotone line search technique is employed, which makes them easily executed in computer.

第3章研究了无约束优化问题的梯度型算法，第1节提出了一类新的三项记忆梯度算法，讨论了算法的全局收敛性，进一步提出了一类新的具有更好收敛性质的记忆梯度投影算法，并证明了该算法在函数伪凸的情况下具有整体收敛性，第2节在非单调步长搜索下提出了带扰动项的梯度型算法及其混合投影算法，这两类算法的一个重要特征就是步长采用线搜索确定而不象许多文献中那样要求步长趋于零，这样更容易在计算机上实现，在较弱的条件下证明了这些算法的全局收敛性，数值算例表明了算法的有效性。

In view of the tedious and mistakable manual calculation in measuring Gauss projection,coordinate zone transformation and meridian convergence,an itera-tive approximation method is adopted and programmed by BASIC to imple-ment the direct and converse calculation of Gauss projection and computer cal-culation of meridian convergence angle.

针对测量工作中人工进行高斯投影、坐标换带和平面子午线收敛角计算非常麻烦又容易出错的问题，采用迭代法趋近求值，用BASIC语言编制了相应的计算机程序，实现了上述计算。

He paid $5,000 for this cupcake.

他我这个纸杯蛋糕花了5000美元。

I mean, if you want to, that is

我的意思是，如果你们想吃的话。