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A mathematical model of the direct chill casting process for superlight Mg-Li alloy (LA141) slab has been developed using the finite differential method. Thermal boundary conditions including primary and secondary cooling conditions, have been selected based on knowledges of the physical process and the literatures. The variations of heat transfer coefficient between slab and dummy block interface resulting from the deformation of the slab have been considered.

中文摘要：运用有限差分法，对超轻Mg-Li合金（LA141）板坯直冷连铸过程温度场进行数值模拟，根据实际过程的物理现象以及文献资料确定包括一冷区、二冷区在内的边界条件，并且考虑底模与铸坯之间随着铸坯的变形而引起的换热系数的变化。

This paper also makes a experimental study of the regularities of the outstripping machining in aspects of machine tool, cutting tool, cutting conditions and so on, and points out that the outstripping phenomenon occurs on the following conditions: the machine tool with high precision, the PCD cutting tool with small clearance and lay angle, the small installation angle, the small feed rate and the cutting lubricant with good properties, and that the cutting speed and the depth of cut have no effects on the outstripping machining.

本文还从机床、刀具和切削条件等方面对超越性加工的规律进行了实验研究，指出超越性加工现象是在如下条件下产生的：较高精度的机床、后角和刃磨纹理角较小的PCD刀具、较小的安装角和较小的进给量以及冷却润滑性能良好的切削液，而切削速度和切削深度对超越性加工几乎没有影响。

The synthesis of comb-shaped polymer in the optimal conditions is hydrdyzed to determine the best conditions for hydrolysis, the NaOH hydrolysis agent for the mass fration is 8%, hydrolysis temperature is 60℃, the reaction time is 3h.

在最优条件下合成的梳形聚合物再进行了水解，并确定了最佳水解条件：水解剂质量分数为8%的NaOH，水解温度为60℃，水解时间3h。

But the current burning furnace combustion process and emissions of pollutants such as mechanism explained by the physical conditions of the restrictions still remain in the experimental conditions, and there is a lot of controversy.

不过目前对焚烧炉内燃烧过程和污染物排放规律等机理解释，受实际条件的限制还停留在实验条件下，并且存在着很多争议。

A simplified mechanical model of a typical axially loaded sleeved compression member is introduced. Some reasonable constitutive relation curves of the inner steel tube are chosen for analyzing in two numerical examples. One is analysis on its axially loaded bearing capacity under different working conditions. The other is stability analysis of grid structure with SCM. The buckling control effect of the inner steel tube is evaluated with the outer steel tube applied in these conditions.

阐述了轴心受压情况下典型套管构件的简化力学模型，选择利用合理的套管构件内核本构关系，用2个算例（内核圆钢管不同工况下的轴压承载力分析和网架结构应用套管构件的稳定计算分析）分析了外钢管对轴心受压内钢管的失稳控制效果。

The fermentation conditions of the antagonistic bacteria 12-47 to cotton wilt were studied by using the single-factor method. The main factors affecting fermentation conditions include C and N sources, inorganic salts, pH, temperature, rotation speed.

本实验采用单因素实验的方法在摇床培养的基础上对影响棉花黄萎病拮抗细菌12-47菌株产生拮抗物质的营养因素进行了考察，其中包括发酵培养基的C源、N源、无机盐等。

The project used in conjunction with three holes of a prestressed continuous box girder design, layout for cross-bridge 30m +30 m +30 m, two-way four-lane bridge to meet current conditions, after the completion of the construction of the bridge under the bridge to meet the 8-lane two-way traffic conditions.

本工程采用三孔一联预应力连续箱梁设计，桥跨布置为30m+30m+30m，桥上满足双向四车道通行条件，建设完成后满足桥上桥下双向8车道的通行条件。

The result showed that the conventional and optimum design model of complex multi-evaporation had good universality. The new algorithm could be used to solve model more stably and more effectivly. The energy-saving effect was notable when all kinds of energy-saving measure were adopted and T0, Tk, tpj,Δti were optimized. In these conditions, the annual cost of optimum design decreased by 36.44% and 40.76% respectively than conventional design for the complex cross-feed and parallel-feed quadruple-effect evaporation system with solid separation. An optimum design software for multi-evaporation was developed, which had strong function, amity interface and easy maneuverability. This software may be applied to conventional and optimum design of multi-evaporation system under different conditions.

研究结果表明，复杂多效蒸发系统常规及优化设计的数学模型具有很强的通用性，求解模型的新算法稳定且高效；同时采用各种节能措施且对T_0、T_k、t_、Δti进行优化的系统节能效果最显著，对有固相析出的复杂错流、平流四效蒸发系统在上述情况下的优化设计比没有节能措施的常规设计可分别节省年总费用36.44%和40.76%；用可视化语言Visual Basic 6.0 编制的多效蒸发设计软件，功能强大、界面友好、使用方便，可用于多种流程、不同情况组合的多效蒸发系统常规及优化设计计算。

It is concluded that the outburst of glacier-lake is attributed to abnormality of climatic conditions. The wet and cold conditions are favorable for the accumulation of glacier, and debris flow can take place easily when it gets wet-warm and dry-warm, or air temperature abruptly raises 0.6~l.2℃.

分析了气温和降水对冰湖溃决和及其所形成的泥石流的影响，认为冰湖的溃决大部分是由于异常气候条件造成的，冷湿的气候有利于冰川的积累，当气候转为湿热和干热或气温突然升高。0.6~1.2℃时最易引起冰湖溃决泥石流。

Dyeing tests on kraft liner board with domestic liquid cationic direct Yellow DCY-R and direct Brown DCB replacing imported liquid dyes were carried out under laboratory conditions and in the production conditions.

用国产液体阳离子直接黄DCY-R和直接棕DCB染料代替进口液体染料，在实验室条件下和生产条件下对A级牛皮箱纸板进行染色试验。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。