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Based on the previous research on the deposition of amorphous/microcrystalline silicon tandem solar cells, silane concentration for the deposition of microcrystalline bottom cell was selected to further optimize the performance for micromorph tandem solar cells using very high frequency technique. Finally, micromorph silicon tandem solar cell with 11.02%(Area=1.0cm2) initial conversion efficiency has been fabricated at a certain silane concentration and suitable light trapping structure.

采用甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术，在前期我们单室沉积的微晶硅薄膜太阳电池和非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池研究的基础上，通过对微晶硅底电池本征层硅烷浓度的优化，获得了初始效率达到11.02%（电池面积1.0cm2）的非晶硅/微晶硅叠层太阳电池。

And the conditions in cell suspension culture of Mikania micrantha were studied. The results showed that sucrose was the compatible carbon sucrose, and 30g/L sucrose concentration can satisfy the growth of Mikania micrantha cell; ammonium was absorbed under different sucrose concentration that haven't demonstrated significant specificity, and was completely absorbed on the lag phase and the early logarithmic phase; while nitrate was mainly absorbed on logarithmic phase. The density-dependent of Mikania micrantha cell starting to grow and density-inhibited of cell growth were proposed, the fittest inoculating quantity of Mikania micrantha in cell suspension culture was 40g/L.

并对微甘菊细胞悬浮培养条件进行研究，结果表明，微甘菊细胞生长适宜的碳源是蔗糖，并且较合适的蔗糖浓度为30g／L；在不同蔗糖浓度下氨基氮的吸收差别不大，氨基氮在迟滞期和对数期前期已基本消耗完毕，对数期生长主要利用硝基氮，因而提出，在微甘菊细胞液体悬浮培养中，氮源可以采用初始低氨基氮浓度，对数期中间维持高硝基氮，而且对数期中逐步流加少量的氨基氮；微甘菊细胞迟滞期分裂启动存在密度依赖现象，对数期生长存在密度抑制现象，最适接种量为40g／L。

After analysing the influence on the growth of root and stem of three different nitrogen concentration and PH matrixes,we concluded that the notrogen concentration and pH value and their interaction have influences on the germination of seeds and the growth of Picea aspoerata seedling.

通过分析3种氮浓度及3个不同pH值基质下云杉幼苗根茎生长量的差异，通过实验表明：不同的氮浓度及不同的pH值及二者间的交互作用对云杉幼苗的萌发和幼苗的生长存在一定的影响。

By comparison among concentration of nitrogen compounds, relative contents of pryyolic N-H shielded carbazoles and parameters of C21-/C22+、Pr/nC17 , the results show that slight biodegradation has little effects on the relative contents and distribution of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds, but has certain effect on its concentration.

根据2类原油中含氮化合物浓度、屏蔽型含氮化合物的相对含量与反晕原油生物降解的地化参数C21-/C22+、Pr/nC17等指标的对比研究，发现生物降解作用对该区原油中含氮化合物的相对含量及其分布影响不显，运移作用仍然是造成含氮化合物分馏的主要因素。

The effects of safener on the growth and ALS activity were also examined. It showed that low concentration of AE F107892 could stimulate the growth of s-18 cultivars, but had little effect on the r-6 cultivars. High concentration of AE F107892 could inhibit the growth of both of the two cultivars.

测定了安全剂对小麦生长及ALS活力、GSH含量和GST活性的影响，结果表明：低浓度安全剂刺激敏18号小麦的生长，对抗6号的影响则较小，高浓度则都抑制了小麦幼苗的生长。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

由于BOM没有考虑透射太阳辐射的物理过程，研究表明透射太阳辐射对北冰洋的能量收支起到重要作用，因此在BOM模式中引入了对透射太阳辐射的处理；通过对不同水道反照率的数值试验表明海冰厚度对水道反照率的敏感性不强，可能与海冰区水道面积占的比率很小有关；而模式模拟的北极海冰夏季&过度融化&主要源于NCEP再分析资料提供了偏大的太阳短波辐射；对北极海冰的气候变率进行了模拟研究，结果表明：模拟的海冰厚度变化与潜艇探测的海冰吃深度变化具有一致性；模拟和观测的亚欧大陆沿海的年内最大海冰厚度有很好的相关；模拟的海冰移速与长期平均的卫星反演的海冰移速具有相同的速度分布特征；模拟的各个海区海冰面积的变化趋势与卫星反演资料分析的结果基本一致；模拟与观测的主要海洋分区的海冰密集度具有很好的相关：弗瑞姆海峡的海冰体积和面积的输送涉及到海冰密集度、厚度和移动速度，是判断模式模拟能力的一个综合的指标，模式模拟的结果与卫星反演或重建的面积输送、体积输送具有很好的一致性；(5)分析了模拟的北极海冰厚度的气候变率及气候平均表层海流场，结果表明：北极海冰的总体积有显著减少的趋势，北极海冰总体积的变化具有10a际尺度振荡的特点，存在18-20a和12-13a两个主周期；北极海冰的平均厚度在各个海区的变化趋势不同，在巴伦支—喀拉海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海地区海冰厚度有显著的增加趋势，而其它海区存在减少的趋势；通过对模拟的气候平均表层海流的分析表明，北极河流流量超前弗瑞姆海峡海冰流量7-10年的特征时间尺度与表层海流的气候分布存在着必然联系：(6)利用模拟结果以及中国降水、气温和热带关键区SST资料，讨论了北极各海区海冰平均厚度与中国降水、气温以及热带关键区SST的关系，结果表明：在北极中心海区和楚科奇—波弗特海海冰厚度偏大，在巴伦支—喀拉海以及巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏小，则中国降水在华南地区、青藏高原和东北北部降水偏少，反之相反；在北极中心海区、东西伯利亚海、楚科奇—波弗特海以及格陵兰海海冰厚度偏小，在巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大，则在中国东北地区、高原南部地区和海南岛附近气温偏低，反之相反；另外，北极楚科奇—波弗特海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大时，在热带中东太平洋海温偏高，而在热带东南印度洋海温偏低。

Detailed analysis is conducted on the velocity field, the pulverized coal concentration and temperature, and the results indicate that: in the first stage of the two-stage oil-less ignition system, the flow characteristics and the distribution of pulverized coal concentration make for the ignition of pulverized coal by heating pipe, and during procedure of ignition there are three different kinds of temperature distribution on the cross sections of heating pipe; the flow characteristics in the second stage makes for the mixing of gas phase, and the flame temperature is higher in the second stage.

详细地分析了燃烧器内部速度场、煤粉颗粒浓度场和温度场，结果表明：在燃烧器的第一级，其流动特征及煤粉颗粒浓度分布有利于加热管道对煤粉颗粒的点燃，点燃过程中加热管道的截面上有三种不同的温度分布；燃烧器第二级内部流动特征有利于气流的混合，第二级的火焰温度比第一级更高。

METHODS: Using tissue culture technique, the maximal non-toxic concentration of luteolin in swine testicle cell culture was measured, and the inhibitory effect of luteolin on TGEV was measured by cytophathogenic effect observation and crystal violet measurement. In addition, the degrees of inhibition of the luteolin on CPE of virus in cell culture were observed by changing sequence of adding the vires and the drag. RESULTS : The maximal non-toxic concentration of luteolin was 873.39 μmol/L.

采用细胞培养法，通过结晶紫摄入量测定结合细胞病变作用，观察木犀草素在不同的加药方式下，对感染TGEV的猪睾丸细胞的保护作用、结果：TGEV病毒先吸附ST细胞再加入药液，先与TGEV病毒孵育再接种于卯细胞，或药液先与细胞孵育再用病毒感染等不同方式下，木犀草素在0.84-54.50μmaol／L浓度范围内，均能明显地提高细胞的存活数。

The LSSVM (Least Square Support Vector Machines) was proposed to construct multi-objective optimization model for CWM concentration and ball mill electric current. MODE (multi-objective differential evolution) based on Pareto optimal concept is used to perform a search for determining the optimum solutions, from which the optimum adjustment mode that could heighten concentration and production benefit of CWM is obtained based on fuzzy theory.

利用最小二乘支持向量机对球磨机电流和水煤浆浓度进行多目标建模，并采用基于Pareto最优概念的多目标微分进化算法，对运行工况进行寻优，然后根据模糊集理论在Pareto解集中求得满意解，获得水煤浆浓度的优化调整方式和提高水煤浆生产效益的策略，用以指导水煤浆优化生产。

Based on the analysis of sediment grain size,suspended matter concentration in the water and other indicators,and on the examination of tidal variation data in the Yangtze Estuary,we found that the seasonal erosion and deposition cycle is closely linked to the morphology,suspended matter concentration in the water,hydrodynamics,tidal variation,wind direction,etc.

通过对沉积物粒度、水体含沙量等指标的测试，并借助潮差等资料，探究了影响潮滩季节性沉积的因素，发现潮滩季节性沉积与潮滩基础地貌、水体含沙量、水动力、潮流等有密切关系；但在不同部位不同季节，各因素对潮滩冲淤影响程度各不相同。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。