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The effects of synthesis temperature on the lattice parameter,the crystallite size and the content of CO2-3 of the prepared samples,the effects of the concentration of reactants on the particle size and morphology,and the effects of the molar ratio of barium hydroxide to tetrabutyl titanate on the molar ratio of bar...

研究了合成温度对样品的晶胞参数、晶粒大小和CO32-含量的影响；反应物浓度对样品的颗粒大小和形貌的影响；氢氧化钡与钛酸四丁酯的摩尔比对样品中钡钛摩尔比的影响。

In this paper, a quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan was synthesized and the factors affect on the solubility or degree of substitution of product, such as the concentration of alkali, the time of basification, the content of water in system, the time of dispersing and the method of adding epoxyproryltrimethylammonium chloride, were discussed in detail. The product was characterized by IR, DSC, TG and X-RAY diffraction. The effects of time, humidity and temperature on the gases permeability of the quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan film were researched.

本论文研究了壳聚糖季铵盐的合成反应，对碱化浓度、碱化时间、水的含量、分散时间和醚化剂的加入方式等因素对制备反应的影响进行了考察；应用红外光谱、DSC、TG以及X-射线衍射对产物进行了表征；探讨了时间、湿度和温度对壳聚糖季铵盐膜透气性的影响。

With the increasing of the concentration of alkali, the content of insolubility of the product reduces initially but increases later, the DS of product increases initially then reduces later. The product has good solubility and high DS at 10% content of alkali. The insoluble product reduces at initially and then keeps stability later with the time of basification extending. With the increasing of the content of water in system, theinsolubility of the product reduces initially and then increases later.

随着碱浓度的增加，产物中水不溶物含量先降低后增加，取代度先上升后下降，在10％时，水溶性最好，取代度最高；延长碱化时间，产物中水不溶物含量下降，之后趋于稳定；提高反应体系中水的含量，产物中水不溶物含量先降低后增加，在7％时，水溶性最好，延长分散时间，产物中水不溶物含量下降，取代度提高；醚化剂以少量多次的方式滴加，产物水溶性好。

The works in the project just done can be summarized as five respects.(1) A device was designed to fabricate the asymmetrical resonant cavities by a pendant drop. A series ARCs with variable parameters provides a valuable experimental method for investigating the characteristics of ARCs.(2) The relationship between the number of active modes and the shape parameters in an ARC was investigated. The experimental lasing threshold was compared with theoretical result, the good agreement between two shown that it was the decrease of the number of active modes in an ARC that decreased lasing threshold.(3) Dye lasing gain was used to enhance the signals of stimulated Raman scattering of the weak gain Raman modes in a circular cavity made by a pendant drop, the instantaneous SRS spectra of weak gain Raman modes in ethanol was obtained by this new method.(4) The SRS signals of minority compound in a binary chemical complex was obtained by using dye lasing gain method. The detection concentration of minority compound was reduced to an order compared with normal SRS method.(5) A cylindrical circular cavity was formed by a liquid jet, which was used to reduce the pump intensity required for laser induced plasma spectroscopy. The limit of detection of trace element in aqueous sample was greatly decreased by this new method.

我们设计并成功制作了使悬垂液滴连续变形的装置，用此装置可以方便地改变非圆对称谐振腔的几何参数，为ARCs的研究提供了一种有效的实验方法；研究了ARCs中活性模式数和变形参数间的变化规律，激光阈值的数值计算结果和激光辐射的实验结果作了比较，二者吻合的曲线说明ARCs中活性模式数量的减少是受激辐射放大阈值降低的原因；在由单元化合物构成的微型圆对称谐振腔中，首次尝试用"激光增益"增强弱增益拉曼模式的受激拉曼散射信号，获得了乙醇分子中弱增益拉曼模式的瞬态SRS光谱；在由二元混合物构成的微型圆对称谐振腔中，用染料的激光增益增强了少量化合物的SRS信号，把少量化合物的SRS信号探测浓度降低了近一个数量级，在SRS应用于瞬态过程的组份分析方面做了卓有成效的探索；用石英毛细管形成的稳定液拄构成拄形谐振腔，降低了激光诱导等离子体光谱需要的激励能量，有效地降低了水相样品的痕量元素分析极限，为LIPS应用于微量元素的化学分析开拓了一条新的技术路线。

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of prolonged 75% oxygen exposure on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in the neonatal rat lungs and to elucidate the effects of prolonged exposure of high concentration of oxygen on lung vascular development and its relationship with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

目的：研究持续吸入75%氧对新生大鼠肺血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF）及其受体（VEGFR1和VEGFR2）表达的影响，探讨较高浓度吸氧对肺血管发育的影响及与支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia，BPD）的关系。

Through single factor experiment, we educed that the best condition of dissolvable and bulgy capability of Polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan hydrogel is n: n 6:1, a volume concentration of crosslinker of 0.05%, and reaction time 9h.

通过单因素实验，得出了聚乙烯醇／壳聚糖凝胶具有最佳溶胀性能时的条件：聚乙烯醇与壳聚糖的摩尔比为6：1，交联剂戊二醛的体积分数为0.05%，反应时间9h。

The uncertainty of measurement for the determination of chloride content in water by silver nitrate titration method was evaluated.The influence of the factors on the uncertainty of measurement for the determination of chloride content were analyzed, including repeatability of measurement results, burette, the concentration of standard solution, etc.

氯化物进入地表水中有自然和人为两种因素，岩石风化可使自然界中的氯化物进入地表水中，同时工业及生活污水的排放和海水倒灌也会给地表水中引入大量的氯化物，地表水中氯化物含量的变化是监测排污和咸潮影响的重要指标。

When pH is 10, adsorption time is 30 min, dosage of bone char is 0.6 g/L, the original concentration of As in drinking water is 0.5 mg/L, As removal can reach 95.2%. The adsorption behavior is fitted both with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The adsorption mechanism is supposed to be Ca—OH functional groups combined with anion. And there may occur the co-precipitation between calcium hydrogen arsenate and hydroxylapatite in the aqueous solution, and ions also exchange. The saturation adsorption capacity of As reaches 4.688 mg/g. Indexes of effluent are in good agreement with the WHO stringent drinking water standards (0.01 mg/L).

研究结果表明：在pH=10，吸附时间为30 min和骨炭加入量为0.6 g/L，饮用水砷初始质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时其砷去除率可达95.2%；骨炭吸附砷的行为同时符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型；其吸附机理可能是Ca—OH官能团结合HASO4阴离子，并产生砷酸氢钙和羟基磷灰石的共沉淀，另外还存在离子交换作用；吸附柱的饱和吸附容量为4.688 mg/g；出水砷浓度符合世界卫生组织规定饮水砷标准(0.01 mg/L)。

Once the higher the concentration of carboxyhemoglobin, hemoglobin to carry oxygen to the tissues of the function will be hindered, and the impact of the shortage of oxygen supply the most sensitive central nervous system and cardiac function, caused by hypoxia, which lead to poisoning symptoms .

一旦碳氧血红蛋白浓度升高，血红蛋白向机体组织运载氧的功能就会受到阻碍，进而影响对供氧不足最为敏感的中枢神经和心肌功能，造成组织缺氧，从而使人产生中毒症状。

The effect of Profenofos on GPx activities and on the co ntents of GSH and CAR in Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Platymonas helgolan dica were studied. The results indicate that the GPx activities of two species of microalgae declined, and the contents of glutathione and carotinoid of algal c ells decreased under high concentration of Profenofos.

摘 要 实验以三角褐指藻和青岛大扁藻为材料，进行了丙溴磷农药对海洋微藻的抗氧化防御系统成份— GPx 活性和GSH、CAR含量的影响研究，结果表明，在丙溴磷胁迫下，微藻的GPx活性呈现下降趋势，GSH和CAR含量也表现为下降趋势，并且胁迫的时间越长、胁迫的强度越大它们下降的幅度也越大。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！