查询词典 composition algebra

Based on the outcome of Xu Yang and Qin Keyun about lattice implication algebra and lattice-valued prepositional logic LP with truth-value in a lattice implication algebra, the author studied the properties of lattice implication algebra and the α-automated reasoning method based on α-resolution principle of LP. The specific contents are as follows: The Study of Lattice Implication Algebra On the basis of previous results of lattice implication algebra, this part consists of the following three points: 1. Some properties of lattice implication algebra L were discussed, and some important results were given if L was a complete lattice implication algebra. 2. The properties of left idempotent elements of lattice implication algebras were discussed, and the conclusion that lattice implication algebra L was equals of the directed sum of the range and dual kernel of a left map constructed by a left idempotent element was proved. 3. The properties of the filters of lattice implication algebra were discussed, the theorem was shown that they satisfy the hypothetical syllogism and substitute theorem of the propositional logic. 4. The concept of weak niters of lattice implication algebras and their properties and structures are discussed. It is proved that all weak filters of a lattice implication algebra form a topology and the the implication isomorphism betweem two lattice implication algebras is a topological mapping between their topological spaces. The Study of α-automated reasoning method based on the lattice-valued propositional logic LP In this part, the author given an a-automated reasoning method based on the lattice-valued propositional logic LP.

本文基于徐扬和秦克云的关于格蕴涵代数和以格蕴涵代数为真值域的格值命题逻辑系统LP的研究工作，对格蕴涵代数以及格值命题逻辑系统LP中基于α-归结原理的自动推理方法进行了系统深入的研究，主要有以下两方面的研究成果：一、关于格蕴涵代数的研究 1、对格蕴涵代数的格论性质进行了研究，得到了当L为完备格蕴涵代数时，关于∨，∧，→运算的一些结果； 2、对格蕴涵代数的左幂等元进行了研究，证明了格蕴涵代数L可以分解为任何一个左幂等元所对应的左映射的像集合与其对偶核的直和； 3、对格蕴涵代数的滤子的性质进行了研究，证明了滤子的结构相似于逻辑学中的Hypothetical syllogism规则和替换定理； 4、给出了格蕴涵代数中弱滤子的概念，对弱滤子的性质个结构进行了研究，证明了格蕴涵代数的全体弱滤子构成一个拓扑结构，格蕴涵代数之间的蕴涵同构是相应的拓扑空间之间的拓扑映射。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

Chapter three: Define fuzzy congruence relation of MTL-algebra, prove that fuzzy fiter and fuzzy congruence relation is a bijective function in MTL-algebra, quotient algebra induced by congruence relation still forms a MTL-algebra; Introduce the relation between some kinds of fiters and fuzzy filters maitained above in IMTL-algebra,i.e. BR_0 algebra, which is a MTL-algebra satisfied inversely odering and involutive relation.

第三章：定义了MTL-代数中的Fuzzy同余关系，证明了MTL-代数中Fuzzy滤子与Fuzzy同余关系是——对应的，由同余关系所诱导的商代数依然构成一个MTL-代数；介绍了在满足逆序对合对应的MTL-代数-IMTL-代数，即BR_0-代数中上述几中特殊滤子，Fuzzy滤子之间的关系。

The most famous rough algebras are Rough Double Stone Algebra, Rough Nelson Algebra and Approximation Space Algebra, and their corresponding general algebra structures are regular double Stone algebra, semi-simple Nelson algebra and pre-rough algebra respectively.

其中最有影响的粗代数分别是粗双Stone代数、粗Nelson代数和近似空间代数，它们对应的一般代数结构分别是正则双Stone代数、半简单Nelson代数和预粗代数。

The third part proposes in Luk the concept of lattice-valued truth degrees based on the second part by generalizing truth values from the MV-unit interval(a special MV-algebra) to a general MV-algebra. And the properties of lattice-valued truth degrees suggest that this generalization is natural and reasonable. Because of the equivalence between the two algebra systems, i.e. MV-algebra and lattice implication algebra, it's natural and easy to grade the truth of formulas in lattice-valued propositional logic whose basic algebra system is the lattice implication algebra.

中。 本文第三部分在第二部分的基础上，将Luk中公式的真度值推广到了一般的MV代数上，相对于第二部分的数值真度，给出公式的格值真度，并通过格值真度的性质说明格值真度是数值真度的合理推广。

The latter is essentially derived from the geometric realization of Happels triangulated equivalence between stable module category of repetitive algebra and bounded derived category of finite dimensional algebra. In terms of this realization, we deduce that the Lie algebra realized by derived category of a finite dimensional algebra is isomorphic to the Lie algebra realized by stable module category of the corresponding repetitive algebra.

后者本质上是Happel关于重复代数的稳定模范畴和导出范畴的三角等价的一个几何实现及其应用，使用这种几何实现，我们可以证明在重复代数的稳定模范畴上定义的李代数同构于相应的导出范畴上实现的李代数。

The questions covering pre-algebra and elementary algebra make up the Pre-Algebra/Elementary Algebra Sub score. The questions covering intermediate algebra and coordinate geometry make up the Intermediate Algebra/Coordinate Geometry sub score. The questions covering plane geometry and trigonometry make up the Plane Geometry/Trigonometry sub score.

包含有基础初等代数和初等代数的考题构成了基础初等代数/初等代数的技能分数，涉及到中等代数和坐标几何的考题构成了中等代数/坐标几何的技能分数，而涵盖平面几何和三角函数的考题则构成了平面几何/三角函数的技能分数。

The author tries to review the individualized composition teaching guidedby the new curriculum based on current research and the author's seventeen years of experience in teaching Chinese, carries on historical introspection into the long lost "individualization" of composition teaching, tries to probe into the concept of composition teaching deeply, and explains the unique understanding of the individualized composition teaching, thecharacteristics of individualized composition teaching, the view of teaching and viewofrelationshipbetweenteachers and students in individualized composition teaching as well asthe requisition for Chinese teacher's accomplishments so as to probe into the way ofimplementing individualized composition teaching and the procedure of training, and tries toavoid the tendency of generalized and formularized traditional composition teaching.

个性化作文教学是语文教育理论和实践关注的&热点&问题之一，是社会发展和教育改革的产物，是新课程标准指导下的作文教学新理念。本文试图在现有研究的基础上，在新课程标准的背景下，结合自己十年来的语文教育实践，对个性化作文教学的问题进行反思，深入探讨个性化作文教学理念，阐释对个性化作文教学的独特理解，包括个性化作文的内涵，个性化作文的特征，个性化作文教学观、师生观，尤其强调创造性思维、和创作的主体性在个性化作文教学中的地位，同时建立新的作文评价体系等，旨在探索赋予个性的作文教学的培养方法，落实个性化作文教学的训练环节及实施途径。

Fuzzy logic is studied with algebraic tools in this paper. A kind of algebraic abstract of fuzzy logic, Implication Algebra on a partial ordered set, is given. The relations between Implication Algebra and other algebraic structures, such as MV-Algebra and Heyting Algebra etc., and the filter and the structure of Implication Algebra on a partial ordered set are studied.

本文的目的是使用代数工具对模糊逻辑进行研究，给出模糊逻辑的一类代数抽象，即偏序集上的蕴涵代数，研究偏序集上蕴涵代数与其它代数结构，如MV-代数，Heyting代数之间的关系，以及偏序集上蕴涵代数的滤子与其结构等。

31 Chapter 3 Number Systems and Boolean Algebra 3.2 Boolean Algebra Table 3-2 Distributivity Idempotency Absorption laws 分配律同一律吸收律 a=ab+ac a+= a+a=a aa=a a+ab=a a=a'=a'b''=a'+b' DeMorgan's laws德摩根定理计算机专业英语 3-32 Chapter 3 Number Systems and Boolean Algebra 3.2 Boolean Algebra Since a finite set of n elements has exactly 2n subsets, and it can be shown that the finite Boolean algebras are precisely the finite set algebras, each finite Boolean algebra consists of exactly 2n elements for some integer n.

由于n个元素的有限集有且只有个子集由于个元素的有限集有且只有2n个子集，而且很显然有限布个元素的有限集有且只有个子集，尔代数一定是有限集合代数，所以对某个整数n而言而言，尔代数一定是有限集合代数，所以对某个整数而言，每个有限布尔代数也有且只有2n个元素。例如，上文定义的集合T的限布尔代数也有且只有个元素。

These rules reflect some inherent feature of self and nonself, and they are the basic detection criterion of GECISM.

这些规则反映了"自我"和"非我"的内在特征，是GECISM进行"非我"检测的判据。

Until today, the media from China and the outside world still uses the term "Post 89". Regardless to whether it is for commercial gimmick or convenience, everybody still remember "Post 89", a term which carries a strong Cantonese accent.

时至今日，国内外艺术媒体还是在沿用&后八九&这个称谓，不管当初是为了商业噱头还是容易上口好记，反正大家现在是记住了&后八九&这个广东口音很重的词。