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METHODS: In this systematic review of randomized trials weevaluated thoracic epidural, paravertebral, intrathecal, intercostal,and interpleural analgesic techniques, compared to each otherand to systemic opioid analgesia, in adult thoracotomy.

在这项随机试验的系统综述中作者评估了胸部硬膜外、椎旁、鞘内注射、肋间和胸膜间等镇痛技术在成人的开胸手术中的应用的相互比较，并与全身应用阿片类药物镇痛比较。

Although there is fair evidence that articial disc replacement is similarly effective compared to fusion for single level degenerative disc disease and that an interspinous spacer device is superior to nonsurgical therapy for 1- or 2-level spinal stenosis with symptoms relieved with forward exion, insufcient evidence exists to judge longterm benets or harms.

尽管已有相当的证据证明人工椎间盘置换治疗单节段脊柱退变疾病具有和融合手术类似的疗效，也有相当的证据证明棘突间支架治疗1～2个节段伴间歇性跛行的椎管狭窄的疗效优于非手术治疗，但以上都缺乏长期随访的证据。

The least harm to intracortical circulation was caused by RE with 28% perfused intracortical vessels compared to 17% and 18%.

对皮质内循环造成的最小损害是，RE组剩有28%的皮质内灌注血管，UN组剩有17%，组剩有18%。

Methods: Cell numbers obtained 5 to 10 days after ON crush were compared to those after intraorbital ON transection.

对ON压伤后的5-10天内后获得的细胞数量和眼眶内横断后的细胞数量进行比较。

Compared to solvates and salts which are limited to small numbers of nontoxic solvents and ionizable drugs, cocrystals represent a very promising designable solid form of active pharmaceutical ingredients, due to their extensive species and wide application scope.

常见的固体形态如溶剂化物、盐，因为种类少或适用的药物少而在应用上受到一定的限制。所以种类多、适用范围广的共晶作为可设计的药物固体形态近年来逐渐受到关注。

In this thesis, we describe a facile and economical synthesis of-abscisic acid from keto-isophorone and 3-butyn-2-ol through ketalization, oxidization, Witting-Horner reaction, reduction with chromium sulfate and other steps in 13% total yields. Compared to the previous routes, the starting materials are more commercially available and cheaper and the synthetic process is more easily controlled in our method, but the yield of this route is still to be improved.As to isostere principle, cyclopropyl and methyl vinyl are a couple of isostere.

本论文设计并完成了一条全新的外消旋脱落酸(1)全合成路线，从廉价的工业原料氧化异佛尔酮和丁炔醇出发，经过缩酮化反应、氧化反应、Wittig-Horner反应、CrSO_4选择性还原反应以及水解等七步反应实现了脱落酸的全合成，总产率达13％，与以往路线相比，该路线所用试剂廉价、合成路线简单，但产率有待提高。

This international standard and GB 13432 — major changes compared to 1992 are as follows:—— the standard name is replaced by: labelingofprepack the labeling of foods for special dietary uses; lawk: GB 13432 — 1992 " Chapter 4 " and " the basic principles of Chapter 6 " merged to form the basic requirements of this standard of " Chapter 4 basic requirements ";--added allow nongraphite " energy and nutrient content claims "(see 5.4.1);--increase the allowed nongraphite " energy and nutrient content claims "(see 5.4.2);--increase the allowed nongraphite mutrients of " claimed "(see 5.4.3);--an increase of " food energy and nutrients of nongraphite, nongraphite values of expressions and tolerances for ".

本标准与GB 13432—1992相比主要变化如下：——标准的名称改为：预包装特殊膳食用食品标签通则；——将 GB 13432—1992&第4章基本原则&和&第6章基本要求&合并为本标准的&第4章基本要求&；——增加了允许标示&能量、营养素含量水平的声称&(见5.4.1)；——增加了允许标示&能量、营养素含量比较的声称&(见5.4.2)；——增加了允许标示&营养素作用的声称&(见5.4.3)；——增加了&食品中能量和营养素的标示方式，标示值的表述方式及允许偏差&。

The duration of hospitalization was 4～7 d(mean=4.6 d). Conclusion It is safe and feasible for silk suture to ligate the cystic duct and the cystic artery in LC. Compared to the existing knot-tying device and medical suturing instrument, the new-type instrument helps to offer less knot-tying difficulty and higher knot-tying efficiency, so it is worthy of being popularized.

住院4～7 d，平均4.6 d。结论在LC术中应用腹腔镜多功能夹持钳以丝线取代钛夹和生物夹结扎胆囊管和胆囊动脉是安全、可行的；本新型器械与现有缝合打结器械相比，能有效降低利用丝线结扎组织的难度，提高打结效率，具有很高的推广应用价值。

In the morning during my check-out I spoke to the same mature woman about my bad experience at Antica Locanda compared to my "4 stars" expectation.

In在我与同一名成熟妇女谈话对我的坏经验在Antica Locanda与我的&4个星&期望比较的我的结算离开期间的早晨。

Methods After the solution made from artificial grown lumbricus was sprung to the wound of animal and patient after hemorroidectomy, the wound inflammation, wound healing and changes of laboratory determinations were observed and compared to those of the control group.

将人工养殖的鲜地龙制成的溶液喷洒于实验动物及混合痔手术后患者的创面，观察其创面的炎症情况、愈合情况以及各实验观测指标的变化，并与对照组进行比较。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。