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As a commonly used conception, it is described in the westem cotheies as the general designation of all extra judicial resolution, Whose connotation is as the same as that of what is called extrajudicial system in China.

作为一个通用概念，它己被现代西方各国用作对诉讼外纠纷解决方式的统称，内涵与我国所谓的非诉机制相同。

Sheaths of upper culm leaves closed for 1/20–1/5(–1/4) of length; lower glumes (1 or)3-veined; lemma commonly with a bronze-yellowish band below apex, lateral veins mostly faint; vegetative shoots all or mostly extravaginal; p

上面秆叶的鞘为长度的1/20-1/5(-1/4)关闭；更低的颖片(1或者)3脉；有低于顶的一根青铜淡黄带子的通常的外稃，侧脉主要微弱；多数的营养体的嫩枝全部或extravaginal(多数很少是intravaginal)； p 2

extraversion of deviation, that is commonly known as the irregularities committed acts or anti-social behaviour.

外向性行为偏差，即通称的违规犯过行为或反社会行为。

Those five, commonly called Sacraments, that is to say, Confirmation, Penance, Orders, Matrimony, and Extreme Unction, are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel, being such as have grown partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles, partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures; but yet have not the like nature of Sacraments with Baptism and the Lord's Supper, for that they have not any visible sign or ceremony ordained of God.

这五个，通常称为圣礼，这就是说，确认，忏悔，命令，婚姻，以及临终，没有被算为圣礼的福音，如正在增长部分的腐败以下的使徒，部分一些国家允许的生活中的圣经，但尚未有没有类似的性质，圣礼与洗礼和上帝的晚餐，因为他们没有任何明显的标志或祝圣仪式的上帝。

Those five commonly called Sacraments, that is to say, Confirmation, Penance, Orders, Matrimony, and Extreme Unction, are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel, being such as have grown partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles, partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures; but yet have not like nature of Sacraments with Baptism, and the Lord's Supper, for that they have not any visible sign or ceremony ordained of God.

这五个被称为圣礼，这就是说，确认，忏悔，命令，婚姻和极端unction ，都没有被算为圣礼的福音，如成长部分的舞弊以下的使徒，部分原因是国家的生命获准在念经，但尚未有不一样的性质，圣礼与洗礼，主的晚餐，他们表示并没有任何明显的迹象或者特别的仪式，祝圣的上帝。

Factious followers are worse to be liked, they follow not upon affection to him with whom they range themselves, but upon discontentment conceived against some other: whereupon commonly ensues the ill intelligence that we many times see between great personages.

喜欢帮派的门客更不为主人喜欢，因为他们投奔主人不是出于仰慕，而是为了表达对原来主人的不满；于是就常发生我们多次见到的两个大人物之间的严重误会。

Temperature is an important factor to influence module's reliability. Commonly, temperature falls

温度是影响电源模块整体可靠性的重要因素。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

Variety of commonly used operating system on the use of skills and on the pc failure analysis and resolution.

介绍各种常用操作系统的使用技巧，及对pc各种故障的剖析和解决。

The writing of narrative in Senior Chinese commonly exists in falseness , devoid of content and dullness .

高中学生语文叙事文的写作普遍存在虚假、空洞、不鲜活的病症。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。