查询词典 common law

Krino {kree'-no} perhaps a primitive word; TDNT - 3:921,469; v AV - judge 88, determine 7, condemn 5, go to law 2, call in question 2, esteem 2, misc 8; 114 1 to separate, put asunder, to pick out, select, choose 2 to approve, esteem, to prefer 3 to be of opinion, deem, think, to be of opinion 4 to determine, resolve, decree 5 to judge 5a to pronounce an opinion concerning right and wrong 5a1 to be judged, i.e. summoned to trial that one's case may be examined and judgment passed upon it 5b to pronounce judgment, to subject to censure 5b1 of those who act the part of judges or arbiters in matters of common life, or pass judgment on the deeds and words of others 6 to rule, govern 6a to preside over with the power of giving judicial decisions, because it was the prerogative of kings and rulers to pass judgment 7 to contend together, of warriors and combatants 7a to dispute 7b in a forensic sense 7b1 to go to law, have suit at law

相关经文回前一页 2919 krino {kree'-no}可能是一个基本字； TDNT - 3：921，469；动词 AV - judge 88， determine 7， condemn 5， go to law 2， call in question 2， esteem 2， misc 8； 114 1 分别，分开，取出，选取，选择 2 赞许，尊崇，宁愿 3 有意见，认为，认作是 4 决断，决定，判决，颁布命令 5 审判 5a 对是非发表意见 5a1 被审判，亦即被传唤受审，其个案可能要被审理并接受判决 5b 判决，指责 5b1 指参与审判之人，或有关日常生活事件的仲裁者，或对他人的言行作审判者 6 管理，统治 6a 主持法律上的决定，审事断理是国王或统治者的特权 7 指武士和战士等的争斗竞争 7a 争执，争斗 7b 在法律上而言 7b1 诉诸法律，兴讼

Subsection 4 of the immigration and refugee protection regulations states that a foreign national shall not be considered a spouse,a common-law partner, a conjugal partner or an adopted child of a person if the marriage,common-law partnership,conjugal partnership or adoption is not genuine and was entered into primarily for the purpose of acquiring any status or privilege under the Act.

移民与难民保护法案》条例第四节说，一个外国国民不能被看成是某人的配偶、同居者或者所收养的孩子，如果这个婚姻关系、同居关系、收养关系不是出于真诚的，而却主要是为了取得任何该法案所赋予的权利和移民资格。

This dissertation started with etymon and origin of challenge, analyzed the meaning and the basis of principle of law at the establishment of challenge system in litigation, and through the comparative law introduced the systems in representative nations of the common law system and the continental law system.

本文从回避的词源和起源入手，分析了回避制度在诉讼中确立的意义和法理基础，并且从比较法的角度介绍了英美法系和大陆法系代表国家的诉讼回避制度。

In the Civil Law Family,the collateral guarantor'srights of defense mainly are related to the invalidity of the underlying contract,the revocability of the underlying contract,the right of offset,the concurrentconditions,"Einrede der Unsicherkei",the invalidity of the guarantee contract.the period of validity,the special terms of immunity from the guarantor's liabilityand beneficiam excussionis.Under the case law of the Common Law Family,thesituations in which the collateral guarantor can claim the rights of defense mainlyinclude the situation of non-fulfillment of the guarantee condition,the situationrelated to the extent of guarantor's liability,the situation under which the creditordidn't perform his obligations,the situation related to the appropriation ofpayments,the situations related to fulfillment of purpose of guarantee,thesituation related to the creditor's laches,the situation related to the loss ofsecurities held by the creditor,the situation related to the discharge of theprincipal debtor,the situation related to the creditor connivance in the default ofthe principal,the situation related to the discharge arising by operation of law andthe situation related to the fiduciary duty.

大陆法系中，从属保证人对债权人的抗辩权主要有：主债务无效抗辩权、主债务可撤销抗辩权、抵销抗辩权、同时履行抗辩权、不安抗辩权、保证合同无效抗辩权、保证期间抗辩权、特殊免责抗辩权以及先诉抗辩权等；根据英美法系国家的判例法，从属保证人能够主张抗辩权的情形主要有：保证责任条件不成就的抗辩、关于保证责任范围的抗辩、债权人不履行义务的抗辩、关于债务清偿分配的抗辩、保证目的已实现的抗辩、关于债权人懈怠的抗辩、关于债权人享有的担保权益丧失的抗辩、债务人的债务免除抗辩、债权人对债务人违约纵容的抗辩、法律适用导致保证责任解除的抗辩、就信托义务原则提出的抗辩。

In the second part, this article gives descriptions about the effects ofpresumptions on the Burden of Proof in detail in the civil law and common law. In thecivil law, as a special provision of Burden of Proof, the presumption of law make theburden of production and the Burden of Proof shift to the adversary. In the commonlaw, there is a difficult wok to make a choice between shifting the burden ofproduction and shifting both of the burden of production and the burden ofpersuasion.

第二部分，就两大法系中推定对举证责任产生什么样的影响分别作了论述，大陆法系认为法律推定是一种特殊的举证责任规范，它转移结果意义上的举证责任和行为意义上的举证责任；英美法系法律推定在推定是只转移提供证据的责任还是及转移提供证据的责任又转移说服责任之间徘徊。

Its requirements are as follows: in principle, a person with capacity for rights could be identified as a beneficiary, and the beneficiary must enjoy certain beneficiary right, except as otherwise prohibited or limited by law. the trustee, in breach of trust, disposes of the trust property, but it does not require the detriment to the trust property and the trustee's fault. when the trustee disposes of the trust property to a third party, the Chinese trust law requires that the third party knows of the trustee's breach. In contrast, the logic which the rule of a bona fide purchaser in common law and the mechanism of trust publicity in civil law demonstrate seems to be more reasonable.

信托受益人撤销权的成立需具备以下要件：其一，原则上，具有民事权利能力的人都可以成为受益人，但法律有禁止性或限制性规定的除外，且受益人须享有确定的受益权；其二，受托人违反信托目的处分信托财产，但不以对信托财产造成了损失为必要，也不要求受托人主观上具有过错；其三，当受托人将信托财产处分给第三人时，《中华人民共和国信托法》要求该第三人明知受托人违反信托目的处分信托财产，相比之下，英美信托法中的&善意购买人&规则和大陆法系信托法中的信托公示制度所内含的逻辑似乎更为合理。

In this way, case law is not only judge-made but also "attorney –influenced "law, We can say that the common law is the law that is created daily through the interaction of judges and attorneys in the courtrooms across the United States at all levels ,from local courts to the U.

在某种程度上，判例法并不仅仅是法院制定的法，而且也&律师影响下的法&我们可以说，普通法是法院和律师在各级法院的法庭上的互动产物。

New Zealand's laws have been historically based upon those of the United Kingdom and, like the United Kingdom, New Zealand remains a common law jurisdiction with its civil laws comprising "common" or judge-made law and statutes of New Zealand's one chamber Parliament.

纽西兰的法律史于英国，同英国一样，纽西兰法律仍为共同法体系，也就是说其法律体系由&共同法&或曰判例法以及由一院组成的国会立法两部分构成。

On the question of the quality or seriousness of breach of the duty , at common law , in the case of involuntary manslaughter , the breach had to amount to more than mere ordinary or simple negligence –gross negligence was essential In Washington.however RCW 9.48 060 (since amended by Laws of 1970 .ch, 49 ,s.2 ) and RCW 9.48 .150 supersede both voluntary and involuntary manslaughter as those crimes were defined at common law .

在普通法中，就违法的性质和严重性而言，过失杀人案听违法程度比仅仅是一般的或者简单的过失要大---必须有严重的过失然而，在华盛顿， RCW 9.48 。060 （自从在1970年被修正以后，见第四十九章、第二节）和 RCW 9.48 150 法规的制定取代了普通法中所定义的非预谋故意杀人和过失杀人罪。

The author selects these three problems because the judicial systemconsists of the foundation of the common law,the feudalism deeply affects the spiritof the common law and the estate system is the fundamental problem of the commonlaw.

其中第一点是普通法发展的&硬件&设施，第二点则在很多方面型塑了普通法的精神，第三点则是普通法中的基础性制度。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。