查询词典 commerce

It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in commerce, in the course of such commerce, to lease or make a sale or contract for sale of goods, wares, merchandise, machinery, supplies, or other commodities, whether patented or unpatented, for use, consumption, or resale within the United States or any Territory thereof or the District of Columbia or any insular possession or other place under the jurisdiction of the United States, or fix a price charged therefor, or discount from, or rebate upon, such price, on the condition, agreement, or understanding that the lessee or purchaser thereof shall not use or deal in the goods, wares, merchandise, machinery, supplies, or other commodities of a competitor or competitors of the lessor or seller, where the effect of such lease, sale, or contract for sale or such condition, agreement, or understanding may be to substantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly in any line of commerce.

第三条 商人在其商业过程中，不管商品是否授予专利，商品是为了在美国内、准州内、哥伦比亚区及美国司法管辖权下的属地及其它地域内使用、消费或零售、出租、销售或签订销售合同，是以承租人、买者不使用其竞争者的商品作为条件，予以固定价格，给予回扣，折扣，如果该行为实质上减少竞争或旨在形成商业垄断，是非法的。

THE VALUATION THEORY AND METHODS OF E-COMMERCE ENTERPRISES With the deep development of e-commerce, how to evaluate e-commerce enterprises has become a hot problem.

论文摘要随着全球电子商务的深入发展，电子商务企业的价值评估日益成为人们关注的焦点。

The article focuses on the relationship between e-commerce and logistic and discusses the development of cotemporary e-commerce and modern logistic, finding out the distance between our country and developed foreign countries and a way that is suitable for our e-commerce's development.

本文从分析电子商务与物流的关系入手，论述了当今电子商务与现代物流发展状况，找出我国与国外先进水平的差距，寻求一条适合我国电子商务发展的道路。

With the rapid development of e-commerce, the electronic payment system in China has been a weak link in the e-commerce system and has become the hinderer in e-commerce development.

随着电子商务的快速发展，电子支付系统一直是国内电子商务体系中的薄弱环节，越来越成为制约电子商务发展的一个关键因素。

Thirdly, this dissertation makes an inframarginal analysis on the franchising commerce model and corporate chain commerce model, gives a selecting mechanism on enterprises enlarging model, suggests that enterprises should select the proper commerce model according the concrete environment.

再次，对特许经营商业模式与公司连锁商业模式进行超边际分析，提出企业扩张模式的选择机制(即建立在企业对各商业模式总成本收益分析基础之上)，建议企业选择适合自身具体情况的商业模式，避免一&特&就灵的盲从心理。

In view of the demand of reality and politics,the CCP set up the Federation of Industry and Commerce on the basis of accepting a reorganization of the original Chamber of Commerce and Industry in the 1950′s,and untangled and reformed the Trade Association,and then re-framed the system of the Chamber of Commerce.

基于现实与政治的需要，1950年代中国共产党在接受改组原有商会、工业会的基础上成立了工商业联合会，并对同业公会进行了整顿与改造，重新架构了商会体系。由于对工商联与同业公会有着不同的政治安排，中共也采取了不同的改造策略，最终保留了工商联，撤销了同业公会。

If want to break the our country the logistics bottleneck that electronic commerce development, the urgent matter of the moment builds up acculturation, industry's turn as soon as possible to go together with to send the system with modern efficiently reasonable logistics, the modernization that carry out the logistics, information-based, the profession turn, legalization, and speed talented person development, thus then can make a clean sweep of our country the obstacle that electronic commerce development, then can make our country the electronic commerce develops constantly and perfect.

若想突破我国电子商务发展的物流瓶颈，当务之急是尽快建立社会化，产业化和现代化的高效合理的物流配送体系，实现物流的现代化，信息化，专业化，法制化，以及加快人才培养，如此才能扫清我国电子商务发展的障碍，才能使我国电子商务不断地发展和完善。

This paper mainly studies the issues about the copyright in electronic commerce, drawing on the basic theories and methods concerning about the research on copyright in network, and trying to connect with the characters of trade and service. This text comprises 4 parts:The first part disserts the relationship between electronic commerce and copyright protection. When digital products are traded online, more attention about copyright protection must be paid to them. And many works protected by the copyright law are suitable for electronic commerce.

本文借鉴网络环境下版权研究的基本理论与基本方法，试图结合电子商务的贸易与服务特性，对电子商务中的版权问题进行系统研究，全文共分为四个部分：第一部分论述电子商务与版权保护的关系，数字产品网上交易必须强调版权保护，而大多数受版权保护的作品适合于电子商务，电子商务的发展又对版权保护形成挑战。

However, in the development trend that e-commerce globalizes, the business reputation crisis of e-commerce is attacked quietly, false trade , imitate behavior , contract swindle , online auction bid up target , infringe consumer legitimate rights and interests various kinds of unlawful practices take place again and again, these phenomenon restrain from to a great extent e-commerce global fast, develop in a healthy way.

但是，在电子商务全球化的发展趋势中，电子商务的商业信誉危机也悄然袭来，虚假交易、假冒行为、合同诈骗、网上拍卖哄抬标的、侵犯消费者合法权益等各种违规行为屡屡发生，这些现象在很大程度上制约了全球电子商务地快速、健康发展。

In discussing the issues of E-commerce, the following aspects of E-commerce will be discussed: he limitations and asymmetries of the technological infrastructure of the Internet, integrating the transaction process in consumer-oriented E-commerce by incorporating the payment stage into it, building the consumer marketplace, mobbing products and stages of supply chains into market place, changes in business governance, and the new intermediation in the electronic marketplaces.

在讨论问题的电子商务，以下几个方面的电子商务，将讨论：他的局限性和不均衡的技术基础设施，互联网，整合交易过程中面向消费者的电子商务，纳入到它的付款阶段，建立消费市场，产品和滋扰阶段的供应链进入市场，改变企业的治理，新的中介的电子市场。

As of Tuesday, Google's results were still censored in China.

截至周二，谷歌的搜索结果仍受中国审查。

In order to make the positive action increase and negative one decrease, the sub-forces of the social factors must be adjusted to form a centripetal force.

在这一过程中，人的主体性发挥是社会有机体健康发展的灵魂。