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It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

In order to deal with the irregular cross section of the milling cutter, the cutter effective cross section coefficient and effective radius coefficient are introduced to determine the inherent frequency of cutters for various cantilever lengths and radii.

针对铣刀刀杆截面形状不规则的特点，引入截面系数和有效半径系数的概念，提出了不同悬臂长度和半径的铣刀刀杆固有频率计算方法。

The thermal expansion coefficient and elastic compression coefficient of oil-based drilling fluid were adopted in the model.

在模型中引入了热膨胀系数和弹性压缩系数，利用该模型计算了不同温度和压力下的钻井液密度值。

At last, the paper has discussed the aggregate technique of discrete method, and analyzed the compute method of cross elastic coefficient and direct elastic coefficient in discrete model, then studied the method used in practice.

最后，本文对非集计模型的集计方法，以及非集计模型交叉弹性系数和直接弹性系数的计算方法进行分析，为非集计模型在实践的应用进行了一些探索。

Secondly, in the trapezoidal channel which profile is that the base width is 20cm, the depth of channel is 20cm, the slope coefficient 1.0, and U-shaped channel which profile is that the depth of channel is 40cm, the radius of bottom circular arc, the external dip angle α of abutment wall is 8°, the article does a series of experiment researches on many of cylinder measuring flumes, such as circular, pier shaped, elliptic and diamond cylinder flumes, and discusses the variance of discharge coefficient, submergence factor, backwater height, head loss and critical submergence degree for each of cylinder measuring flume. On this basis, the article optimizes the structure shape of the cylinder measuring flume further.

然后，在底宽为20cm、渠深为35cm、边坡系数为1.0的梯形断面渠道和渠深为40cm、底部圆弧半径为15cm、边墙外倾角α=8°的U形渠道上，对圆柱形、桥墩形、椭圆柱形和菱柱形等多种柱形量水槽进行一系列的试验研究，探讨各种形式柱形量水槽的流量系数、淹没系数、壅水高度、水头损失、临界淹没度等变化规律，在此基础上，对柱形量水槽的结构形式作进一步优化分析。

Based on the experiment data of local temperature and heat transfer coefficient, some empiric formulas for the heat transfer and resistance coefficient are given.

并基于肋化表面的温度和放热系数分布测定值，得出了可供实用的肋化传热以及阻力计算公式。

Assuming that the temperature distribution close to the concrete surface is the quadratic function of the coordinate, the back-analysis equations of thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient and absorption coefficient of solar radiation are derived based on one dimension Fourier equation of heat conduction and thermal boundary conditions.

为了选取更接近实际的热工参数，采用试验和反演分析相结合的方法，计算影响日照条件下混凝土结构温度场和温度效应分析结果的热工参数。

The result indicates that, under the same condition of vegetation density and arrangement, when F is smaller than 12.2371, the vegetation behaves absolute erectness and the vegetation roughness coefficient and drag coefficient have no relation with F.

试验结果表明，淹没植被在植被密度和排列方式相同的情况下，若植被抗弯指数F值小于12.2371，植被呈完全刚性，植被糙率系数和阻力系数与F值无关。

Multi-focus images are taken as experimental data, mean square error, difference coefficient, correlation coefficient are used to evaluate the results, and comparison with results based on wavelet transform is also carried out .

对多聚焦图像进行了实验，采用均方误差、偏差指数和相关系数对融合结果进行了客观评价，并与基于小波变换的融合进行了比较，实验结果表明该方法除分解2层时与小波性能相当，取其他分解层数时均获得更好的融合效果。

During the training of the neural network, the influence, which is caused by the various network parameters, on the error function is discussed emphatically and the traditional BP algorithm is improved by importing the weight coefficient βand error function coefficient α.

在神经网络的训练过程中，在快速BP算法的基础上做了一些有效的改进，如：引入权值系数β，选取相应的误差函数系数α等。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。