查询词典 co-operativeness

By use of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction in a C-H-O system, we discussed the relationships between inorganic CO〓 and some physical chemistry conditions, such as Oxygen flee degree , temperature, pressure, other objects consistency and catalyzer. a when T=200K～2000K, if f〓＞0, the reaction of generating CO〓 will be dominant, CH〓 hardily exists; b when T＞1000K, CH〓 is not propitious to exist, carbon in system almost exists in form of CO〓; c the more pressure, the more CO〓 is propitious to exist; d the more consistency of CO, O〓 and H〓O, the more CO〓 is propitious to exist, the more consistency of H〓, the more CH〓 is propitious to exist.

依据C-H-O体系费托反应的简化模型，讨论了氧逸度、温度、压强、其它物质浓度、催化剂等物理化学条件对无机成因CO〓生成的影响，从理论上讨论了在地质环境中，无机成因CO〓存在的物理化学条件：1在T＝200K～2000K的温度范围内，体系中一旦氧逸度＞0，生成CO〓的反应将占绝对优势，CH〓几乎不可能存在；2T＞1000K时，不利于CH〓形成，使体系中的碳主要以CO〓的形式存在；3体系压强越大，越有利于CO〓的形成；4反应物CO、O〓、H〓O的浓度越高，越有利与CO〓的存在，H〓的浓度高有利于CH〓的形成。5地质成藏作用可以经历很长的地质年代，这足以补偿矿物岩石中的Ni、Mo、Fe、Co、Ru等催化性能的降低及其它动力学条件的不足，使得费托反应可能发生，从而生成无机成因的CO〓和烃类。

It was found that Pd-Co/active carbon catalyst was the optimal catalyst, and Pd-Co/γ-Al2O3 was also good, but silica and kieselguhr were not proper carriers for the object reaction, because of their stronger surface acidity, which could result in the formation of polymer, jammed the micro pores of catalyst, and then resulted in its deactivation. Addition of Bi, Ce and Cu promoters could not improve the activity of catalyst, but La and Ba promoter could enhance the activity of catalyst apparently, and the Co was the best promoter, especially Co was impregnate in advance. It was attributed to that the pre-impregnated Co may occupy the micro pores of active carbon, and cover some bad functional groups on the surface of catalyst, so that the active and selectivity of catalyst could be enhanced obviously.

研究结果表明，Pd-Co/活性炭催化剂是目标转移加氢反应的最适宜催化剂，Pd-Co/γ-Al203效果也较好，而硅胶和硅藻土由于表面酸性较强，容易造成生成聚合物而堵塞催化剂微孔、使催化剂迅速失活；此外，添加Bi、Ce、Cu等助剂时对活性并无改善作用，而添加La和Ba助剂时可使Pd的催化活性有所提高，效果最好的是Co助剂，尤其是先浸渍Co的Pd-Co/C催化剂，原因是Co占据了活性炭的微孔、覆盖了某些对目标反应不利的官能团，使其活性和选择性都有较大幅度的提高。

The conclusions were as follows: theνO-H andνC=O IR absorption maxima shifted towards higher wave numbers after imprinting 17β-estradiol on TFMAA-co-TRIM copolymer with the red shift of theνO-H groups being apparent after precipitation polymerization for 16h while that forνC=O groups being observed after polymerization for 24h. A strong interaction between TFMAA and 17β-estradiol was confirmed by the high selectivity for 17β-estradiol, as indicted by the values of the separation factor of isomers of 17β-estradiol/17α-estradiol (2.28) and the imprinted factor (3.01). Particle diameter of TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer was between 300 nm and 1.5μm, which suited well for solid phase sorbent throughout at low column pressure. The recognition of imprinting TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer for sterol molecules was driven by enthalpy eluted with acetronitile, and low temperature was in favor of the separation of sterol structure analogues on imprinting column. TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer possessed of determinate anti-heat stability, with melting point beginning at 255.84℃, Tp=257.40℃, control TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer and imprinting TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer were respectively decompounded at 267.79℃and 343.11℃, and solid micro-extraction noddle prepared by the special polymerization also showed definite recognition for 17β-estradiol by GC/MS detecting at 270℃. By selection of various washing and elution solvents, elution reagents of close polymerization system were of more advantage in template molecules retention and recognition on molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction column. At a certain extent, progesterone, 17α-estradiol, 17β-estradiol and 4-androstene-3, 17-dione could be intercepted on the MISPE column. Especially, MISPE had high selectivity for progesterone, and imprinting TFMAA-co-TRIM polymer could achieve adsorption balance within 50 min by absorption kinetics test for 17β-estradiol. However, MISPE column showed better selectivity and enrichment property for 17β-estradiol than C18 and CSPE columns according to the data from HPLC and GC/MS analyses. Recovery of 17β-estradiol on MISPE column was up to 85.5% while when prime extracting solution of milk powder was sampled, the recovery of CSPE and C18 columns were 43.7% and 30.7%, respectively.

通过研究阐明：紫外聚合产物TFMAA-co-TRIM中的νO-H振动吸收峰在聚合16h后红移，νC=O振动吸收峰在聚合24h后红移；TFMAA-co-TRIM对雌二醇异构体的印迹因子达到了3.01，α为2.28，优于其它功能单体参与得到的聚合物识别特性；TFMAA-co-TRIM聚合物粒径介于300 nm至1.5μm之间，作为色谱固定相具有良好的通量和低的柱压；在乙腈流动相中，TFMAA-co-TRIM分子印迹固定相的分离过程主要被焓驱动，低温有利于分子印迹固定相分离甾醇结构类似物；TFMAA-co-TRIM分子印迹聚合物在255.84℃时开始熔融，Tp=257.40℃，聚合物CP的降解温度在267.79℃，MIP降解温度在343.11℃，制备的固相微萃取头初步经GC/MS 270℃的耐热性测定；不同的洗提溶剂筛选证明了选择接近聚合溶剂的洗脱体系更有利于MISPE发挥识别效应；分子印迹固相萃取柱对孕酮、17α-雌二醇、17β-雌二醇和雄烯二酮都具有不同程度的保留特性，可作为此类化合物的吸附材料，特别对孕酮强保留的富集特性，可作为孕酮的选择性识别吸附剂，其分子印迹聚合物对17β-雌二醇的吸附动力学测定显示在50 min内基本达到吸附平衡，具有作为传感器核心敏感材料的潜力；对比萃取奶粉中17β-雌二醇性能，MISPE柱比非分子印迹固相萃取柱和C18柱具有更高的保留，回收率依次为85.5%，43.7%和30.7%。

The composition of Fe-Co and Fe-Co-Mn alloy is analyzed by using Electron Probe Micro Analysis and the magnetic properties of porous alumite film in which Fe-Co and Fe-Co-Mn alloy electrodeposited are measured by a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer .

本论文通过使用多种现代测试技术，如：扫描电镜、透射电镜、电子探针X射线能谱、X射线衍射、电子衍射分析和振动样品磁强测试等，对铝阳极氧化膜的形貌、纳米级微孔内Fe—Co和Fe—Co—Mn合金的晶体结构、Fe—Co和Fe—Co—Mn合金在纳米级微孔内的电沉积工艺以及纳米级微孔内Fe—Co和Fe—Co—Mn合金的磁性进行了系统的研究。

To further explore the phylogenetic relationships between the aphid Myzus persicae and its endosymbiotic bacterium Buchnera, COⅠ/COⅡ, 12S/16S rRNA and EF-l alpha genes in four populations of M. persicae were amplified. Through phylogenetic trees constructed by the COⅠ/COⅡ, 12S/16S rRNA and EF-l alpha genes in M.

为进一步明确桃蚜与其内共生菌Buchnera之间系统进化关系，参照前人研究蚜虫系统进化所用的COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha的3对引物，对桃蚜的COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha基因进行了扩增，并构建了桃蚜COⅠ/COⅡ、12S/16S rRNA、EF-1 alpha基因序列系统进化树。

Metal/ oxide composite aerogels can be used as catalysts because of their high specific surface area. In this paper, Co-rich Co/SiO2 composite aerogels in which mass fraction of Co can reach 66%were firstly prepared by sol - gel process of Co-containing tetraethyl orthosilicate. The influence of H2O, catalyst, solvent and composition of Co-containing tetraethyl orthosilicate on the sol-gel process are discussed.

本工作首次采用含钴硅酸乙酯进行溶胶～凝胶反应来制备高钴含量的纳米级Co/SiO2复合气凝胶，制备的Co/SiO2复合气凝胶中n：n的比例最高可达2：1，且复合气凝胶中的Co含量可在小于66％的范围内任意调节，并系统研究了水量、催化剂浓度、溶剂量及含钴硅酸乙酯的组成对溶胶-凝胶过程的影响。

Results: B6-Co mice showed higher sterile rate, and significant lower average litter size and survival rate at weaning than the normal B6 mice, but the time interval between deliveries was shorter in the mutant population. During the first two weeks after birth, the growth performances were not significant between the mutant mice and the normal ones, but after that, the mutant mice grew much slower. The differences were significant in the indexes of eyes, lungs, thymuses, and adrenal glands between the genders. At the same time, the differences were significant in the organ indexes, such as lungs, adrenal glands, uterine and testicles between the normal phenotype mutant mice and the abnormal ones. And these two kinds of mice showed different amount of hemoglobin and red blood cell.

结果：B6-Co小鼠不育率22%、平均产仔数5.62±2.55只、离乳成活率56.59±41.22显著低于正常的B6小鼠，而胎间隔29.50±10.50天比正常B6小鼠短。B6-Co小鼠出生后2周内生长发育与正常B6小鼠基本一致，2周后，其生长发育慢于正常B6小鼠。B6-Co小鼠雌雄间的眼球、肺、胸腺、肾上腺的脏器指数差异有统计学意义。B6-Co表型异常小鼠与B6-Co表型正常小鼠相比，肺、肾上腺、子宫、睾丸的脏器系数差异有统计学意义。B6-Co小鼠表型异常小鼠在血红蛋白和红细胞数量上异于B6-Co表型正常小鼠。

Linear CO desorbs earlier and quicker than twin and bridged CO with the progressive heating from 25 to 300°C at 0.1MPa, and the three types of adsorption disappear at 265℃.At 205℃ the adsorption amount of linear CO and bridged CO increases with the pressure from 0.1 to 3.0MPa, but the adsorption amount of bridged CO is more than that of linear CO. At 0.1MPa and 25℃, CO2can decompose into CO and then CO adsorbs quickly, namely, CO2→CO+O, but the wave numbers of the adsorptive CO from decomposed CO2 are different from the pure CO, which demonstrates the effect of on CO adsorption. With the pressure of CO2 from 0.1 to 3.0MPa at 25℃, the total adsorption amount increases and the band at 2052cm^(-1) shifts towards higher frequency.

压力保持0.1MPa，温度由25℃升至300℃时，线式比桥式先脱附，至265℃时，3种吸附基本脱附完全；当温度维持205℃不变而压力逐步由。0.1升至3.0MPa时，线式吸附增量较少，桥式吸附增量较多，CO2在0.1MPa，25℃时就能发生快速的解离吸附，即CO2→CO+O，其吸附行为表现为CO的线式吸附，但吸附峰与纯CO吸附时不同；当温度稳定在25℃而压力逐步升至2.5MPa时，不仅CO2吸附量增大，而且其2052cm^(-1)吸附峰有向高波数移动的趋势。

Methods Medullary slices of newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared for the experiment. The electrophysiological experiment comprised 5 groups (each with 8 slices), each of which were perfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid, CO, 1H-[1, 2, 4] oxadiazolo [4, 3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (a specific inhibitor of sGC, ODQ group), ODQ+CO (ODQ+CO group), and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. The burst frequency of hypoglossal rootlets was recorded as an index of rhythmic respiratory activity. Radioimmunoassay was employed to determine cGMP levels of the medullary slices of the ACSF control group, exogenous CO group, ODQ group and ODQ+CO group (n=6/group).

电生理实验分为5组（每组n=8：单纯人工脑脊液对照组、外源性CO组、ODQ组、ODQ+CO组和二甲基亚砜组，制备SD大鼠离体延髓脑片标本，以舌下神经根节律性自发放电频率(bust frequency， BF)为指标，分别灌流以上药物，观察呼吸节律的变化，并以放射免疫方法检测单纯ACSF对照组、外源性CO组、ODQ组和ODQ+CO组给药后脑片cGMP水平的改变（每组n=6）。

The formal potentials in cyclic voltammograms of these 3+ valence complexes are followed: Co〓-TPPS (-0.08V )＞Fe〓TPPS (-0.14V)＞Mn〓-TPPS (-0.23V). The electrochemical reaction of Mn〓-TPPS is reversible, and both of Co〓-TPPS and Fe〓-TPPS are quasi-reversible. The standard heterogeneous rate constants of Co〓-TPPS and Fe〓-TPPS were determined to be 1. 4×10〓cm/s and 1.4×10〓cm/s respectively. The rates of electrode reaction are as followed: Mn〓-TPPS＞Co〓-TPPS＞Fe〓-TPPS, e.i. Mn〓-TPPS is the most easily oxidized by the dissolved oxygen, and Fe〓-TPPS is oxidized slower than Co〓-TPPS. Ni〓-TPPS can not be oxidized. It is considered that oxygen plays an important role in the valence change of central metal atom and the rate of electron transfer in some metalloporphyrins.

三价金属卟啉络合物在循环伏安图上可得到三价到二价的还原和氧化响应，电极电位从大到小排列为：Co〓-TPPS(-0.08V)＞Fe〓-TPPS(-0.14V)＞Mn〓-TPPS(-0.23V)，电极反应可逆性也不相同，Mn〓-TPPS是可逆过程，Co〓-TPPS、Fe〓-TPPS是准可逆过程，实验测得Co〓-TPPS的标准电极反应速率常数ks＝1.4×10〓cm/s，Fe〓-TPPS的ks＝1.4×10〓cm/s，电极反应的速率从大到小为：Mn〓-TPPS＞Co〓-TPPS＞Fe〓-TPPS，即Mn〓-TPPS最容易被溶解氧所氧化，Fe〓-TPPS被氧化的速度最慢，Ni〓-TMPyP不能被氧化，因此我们认为溶解氧对金属卟啉中心离子的价态和电子转移速率起着重要作用。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。