查询词典 clinical

Choose medicaments correctly, reasonable use medicaments, in order to make sure with medicine safety is mixed effective will be henceforth the main task that clinical medicine learns, for solution control hospital the clinical current situation that use drug reachs existence issue, promote the development of the reasonable job that use drug, raise a hospital reasonable the level that uses drug, the prescription of two place has outpatient service of author general hospital, be in hospital analytic research, summary goes out unreasonable a few big states that use drug, undertake classified at the same time. 1 clinical unreasonable with medical analysis each division all applies 1 abuse of 1 · or antibiotic of blind application antibiotic extensively, utilization rate amounts to 70% above, among them couplet is used rate be as high as 40%, appear even 2 couplet, triplex above, the commonnest abuse is infection of the upper respiratory tract, be admitted to hospital give 2~3 to plant antibiotic cure. 1 · of 1 · 1 without point to this kind to the cure that ask for uses drug unreasonable with medicine main show is in the person that the virus sex appeal such as hepatitis of sex of common cold, chicken pox, berpes zoster, virus is caught, in infection of not amalgamative bacterium, point to without what apply antibiotic ask for next using medicine. Incontrollable virus affects antibiotic, increase hepatic burden instead to patient of virus sex hepatitis.

梗概： 正确选择药物，并合理使用药物，以保证用药平安和有效是今后临床药学的重要任务，为了解把握医院临床用药目前状况及存在新问题，推动合理用药工作的发展，提高医院合理用药的水平，笔者将医院门诊、住院两处的处方进行分析探究，总结出不合理用药的几大状况，同时进行分类。1临床不合理用药的分析1·1滥用或盲目应用抗生素抗生素各科均广泛应用，使用率达70%以上，其中联用率高达40%，甚至出现二联、三联以上，最常见滥用为上呼吸道感染，入院给予2~3种抗生素治疗。1·1·1无指征的治疗用药这类不合理用药主要表现在普通感冒、水痘、带状疱疹、病毒性肝炎等病毒性感染者，在未合并细菌感染，无应用抗生素的指征下用药。

Clinical Significance of Combined Detection of CA153,CEA and CYFRA211 in Patients with Mastocarcinoma XIE Fei1,LV Jun1*,FENG Jing1,CAO Feng1,WANG Zhiqiong2,WU Dan3 1Department of Clinical Laboratory,Taihe Hospital,2Department of Clinical Laboratory,Renmin Hospital,Yunyang Medical College;3Central Bloodstation;Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China

核心提示：目的：探讨肿瘤血清标志物CA153，CEA和CYFRA211联合检测对乳腺癌诊断的临床意义。方法：选择28例乳腺癌患者作为乳腺癌组，32例乳腺良性疾病患者作为乳腺良性疾病组，另选取40例健康体检妇女作为正常对照组。化学发光免疫法检测其血清CA153，CEA

Methods Through clinical analysis on sex and age,clinical manifestation,illness course and quarter,life and diet,assistant examination,whole nurse,medicamentous treatment of sixty-seven patients with COPD accompanied by PU,authors explored the clinical characteristics and inherent regular pattern of this disease.

方法通过对67例(2002-09～2006-08)COPD伴发PU患者的性别、年龄、临床表现、病程季节、生活饮食、辅助检查、整体护理、药物治疗综合分析，探讨其临床特点及内在规律。结果COPD容易伴发PU，中老年居多；PU以十二指肠溃疡居多；COPD伴发PU容易被忽视，容易漏诊误治。

Methods The Mesic respiratory system model was established based on Simulink platform. The least-square algorithm was then used to do the static and dynamic parameter identification with theoretical data, clinical data and clinical fitting data. Finally, the validation of the parameter identification was performed by the clinical data.

在Simulink平台下构建集总参数呼吸系统仿真模型，采用最小二乘法，分别用理论数据、实测数据和实测拟合数据对模型进行静态阶段和动态阶段的参数辨识，并由实测数据验证辨识参数。

objective:to analyze the difference between mammary duct ectasiaand plasma cell mammitis.methods:the data of 24 cases of mde and 28 cases of pcm,including clinical manifestations,distinguished diagnoses,surgical therapy,pathological results,were analyzed.results:the clinical manifestations of mde are nipple discharge and breast mass,which should be distinguished with breast mass and early stage of breast cancer.the treatment is local resection.major pathological changes are duct ectasia and obvious periductal inflammatory changes.the clinical manifestations of pcm are breast mass and inflammatory changes,which should to be distinguished with advanced breast cancer and inflammatory breast cancer.the surgical treatment is extensive resection.the major pathological changes are inflammatory reaction and multiple abscesses in breast tissue.conclusion:mde and pcm are significant different,and they are different progressing stage of disease,thus the two diagnoses are independent.

目的：分析乳腺导管扩张症和浆细胞性乳腺炎临床上的差异。提出各自独立诊断的论据。方法：结合24例乳腺导管扩张症和28例浆细胞性乳腺炎对两病的临床症状、鉴别诊断、手术治疗、病理结果进行比较分析。结果：乳腺导管扩张症临床表现为乳头溢液和乳腺肿物，主要与乳腺肿物和早期乳腺癌鉴别诊断，手术以局部切除多见，病理表现为导管扩张及导管周围明显炎性改变。浆细胞性乳腺炎临床表现为乳腺肿物和炎性改变，主要与晚期乳腺癌和炎性乳腺癌鉴别诊断，手术切除的范围较大，病理变化以乳腺组织的炎性反应和多发性脓肿为主。结论：乳腺导管扩张症和浆细胞性乳腺炎有明显的差异，应作为这两种疾病独立诊断。

Methods : Based on the evaluation indicators to establish the principle of combining clinical departments of the Hospital Development Goals (high quality, high efficiency and low consumption, development, and satisfaction). through lots of documents and inspection of the hospital management information absorption of current research, literature, expert advice and cluster analysis methods were selected representative, good workability, high sensitivity, have good science, independence easy evaluation of 27 indicators, the establishment of hospital clinical departments integrated evaluation system weighted TOPSIS RSR combined with the right selection by a three-level hospitals 31 clinical departments to conduct verification .

根据评价指标建立的原则，结合医院临床科室的发展目标(优质、高效、低耗、发展、满意)，通过查阅大量文献和有关医院管理方面的资料，吸收当今的研究成果，运用文献法、专家咨询法和聚类分析法相结合的方法挑选出代表性强、可操作性好、灵敏度高、有较好科学性、独立性易于考评的27项指标，建立医院临床科室综合评价指标体系，采用加权TOPSIS法与RSR法结合对所选取某三级甲等医院31个临床科室进行验证。

Cases taking the medicine for more than 6 months were collected. The changes of Chinese medicine clinical symptoms and signs, the clinical symptoms and signs, the integrals, body weights, cold-catching numbers and CD4 were observed. Results The effective rate, steady rate and ineffective rate of Chinese medicine clinical symptom were 79.52%, 10.84% and 9.63%, respectively.

对云南省疾病预防控制中心确诊的HIV/AIDS 140例患者，根据中医辨证，邪毒内蕴者口服扶正抗毒胶囊，肝脾肾俱虚者口服康爱保生胶囊，选择治疗时间≥6个月的病例共83例，对其中医临床症状、体征，临床主、次症状与体征，卡洛夫斯基积分，体重变化，感冒次数，CD4的变化情况进行临床研究。

Methods: A randomized, single blind controlled clinical design was used to accomplish the series clinical trials included 123 cases. The troop of gatifloxation injection with sodium chloride included 20 cases in gatifloxation group and 23 cases in ciprofloxation group; The troop of gatifloxation injection with glucose included 21 cases in gatifloxation group and 19 cases in levofloxacin group; The troop of gatifloxation pivoxil included 19 cases in gatifloxation group and 21 cases in ciprofloxation group. The antibacterial activity of clinical isolates were detected by scrips which contain gatifloxation(5ug/L), levofloxacin (5ug/L), ciprofloxation (5ug/L), spafloxation(5ug/L), cefotaxime(30ug/L), penicillin(10U/L) respectively. The MICs of sixkinds of antibiotics were detected by 2-fold agar dilution method. Result: The common data of patients in the two groups of 3 troops were similiar.

采用区组分层均衡随机单盲试验设计，分别完成甲磺酸加替沙星氯化钠注射液组试验药20例及对照药23例、甲磺酸加替沙星葡萄糖注射液组试验药21例及对照药19例、甲磺酸加替沙星片剂组试验药19例及对照药21例共123例感染患者的临床试验；用K-B法测定临床分离致病菌对加替沙星(5ug／L)、左氧氟沙星(5ug／L)、环丙沙星(5ug/L)、司帕沙星(5ug/L)、头孢噻肟(30ug／L)、青霉素(10U／L)纸片的敏感性，再用按美国国家实验室标准委员会(National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards，NCCLS)推荐的琼脂平皿对倍稀释法测定临床分离菌株对加替沙星、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、司帕沙星、头孢噻肟、青霉素的最低抑菌浓度(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration，MIC)以了解其体外抗菌活性。

The purpose of this study is to explore the subjective difficulty of clinical preceptors in student teaching and the variants of different backgrounds that might influence the subjective difficulty of clinical preceptor in student teaching. This study is a quantification study carried out by questionnaires. Research subjects of this study are care workers in two regional teaching hospitals and three medical centers in Taipei who acted as clinical preceptor responsible for at least one student nurse within recent six months. The effective response rate of questionnaire was 93.08%(out of 130 questionnaires in total).

本研究目的是探讨临床辅导员自觉的教学困难，并探讨不同背景变项会影响临床辅导员的教学困难的情形，本研究为量性研究，以问卷调查为方法，以台北县市二家区域教学医院及三家医学中心，近半年内临床工作期间担任一位以上专科层级护生实习之临床辅导员的护理人员为研究对象进行方便取样，根据自拟临床辅导员自觉教学困难问卷为研究工具，发出样本为130份，实际回收样本为123份，有效问卷回收率为93.08%。

Evidence-based medicine marks the transformation from traditional empirical medicine to the new form of modern clinical medical practice and clinical basic research,EBM,with the basis of large-scale clinical trial proof.

本研究也指出，循证医学(evidence-based medicine，EBM的问世标志着以经验和推论为基础的、传统的经验医学，已开始转变为主要以大型临床试验提供的证据为基础的循证医学，是现代临床医学实践和临床基础研究的新模式。

You can snipe the second and third union leaders from this position.

您可以鹬第二和第三工会领袖从这一立场出发。

Aiming at the currently shortage of XML streams quality detecting, this paper proposes a new forecasting method of XML streams quality by least squares support vector machines, which is used the method of XML keys' vector matrix as windows, and vector product wavelet transform to multilevel decompose and refactor the XML streams series, that can fulfill real-time checking demand of XML quality, and ensure constraint, consist- ency and integrality. For even more adapting net load, it proposes a control strategy by weight and adaptive adjustment to ensure XML streams quality.

针对当前XML数据流质量检测存在的不足，提出构建XML键的矢量矩阵作为窗口，利用矢量积小波变换多级分解与重构XML数据流，再结合最小二乘支持向量机对XML数据流质量进行预测的一种方法，满足XML数据流质量重构时实时检测的要求，保证XML数据的约束性、一致性与完整性；为了更好的适应网络负载，采取加权与自适应窗口调整等调度策略充分保证XML数据流的质量检测。