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Bone cement and cementless prosthetic replacement have widely developed in clinic and have obtained satisfactory effects.

骨水泥与非骨水泥型假体置换已在临床广泛开展，并已取得了较满意的效果。

Platelet-rich plasmais obtained from autologous blood after centrifugalization in a cell separator.Originally,PRP was used in clinic as a biologic plasma and barrier velum,in order to enhance the effect of hemostasia.

中文摘要：富血小板血浆是自体血离心后的产物，其最初被作为一种生物凝胶和屏障膜应用于临床，主要作用为提高止血效果。

The anatomic and adjoining structures of the cerebellopontine angle are so complexed and important that they have large clinic and practical value to know better anatomic realationship in the area and to identify and protect the nerves and blood vessels during operation.

小脑桥脑角(The cerebellopontin angle，CPA)的解剖结构复杂，周围毗邻结构重要，所以充分了解该区域结构之间的显微解剖关系对于术中准确辨认和保护神经、血管具有重要的临床价值。

Objective To explore clinic application of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the treatment of the cholecystic stone combined bile duct disease.

目的 探讨逆行胰胆管造影术联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术对胆囊结石伴胆管病变治疗的临床应用方法 27例胆囊结石伴胆道病变患者，先用ERCP、乳头切开术取石；或ERCP和鼻胆管引流及柱状气囊扩张术治疗，术后3～11天，患者无发热、腹痛，血淀粉酶正常，再按常规四孔法施行LC。

Methods:the clinic data of 172 cases performed by lc were analyzed retropectovely to disscuss the operation skill and the owoiding of complications.results:there are 3 cases with bile leakage and 5 case with hemorrhage during operation.3 cases were converted to open operations midway with a rate of 1.74%.there are no such severe complications as biliary ducts injury,postoperational hemorrage and bile leakage.conclusions:be familiar with the anatomic variation of cholecystic vessels and biliary ducts,reasonable operation skill,standard manipulation and abdominal operation in time can decrease the complications of lc.

回顾性分析我院172例lc患者的临床资料，就手术技巧与并发症预防进行探讨。结果：术中发现胆漏3例；术中出血5例；中转开腹3例，中转开腹率为1.74％。全组无胆管损伤、术后出血及胆漏等严重并发症。结论：熟悉胆囊血管和胆管的解剖变异，合理的手术技巧、规范的操作、及时果断的中转开腹可以最大限度的减少lc并发症的发生。

Laser-induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis is a new and effective treatment for RVO, but serious complications limited its use in the clinic.

激光诱导脉络膜视网膜静脉吻合术（chorioretinal venous anastomosis，CRVA）是一种新的有效的治疗方法，但因能引起较严重的并发症，限制了其在临床上的普遍应用。

Althought this surgery has been reported by a few doctors recently, the safety and effectiveness need to be evaluated in further studies. In our study, the approach of the chorioretinal venous anatomosis in the model eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion, are induced by different surgical anastomosis procedures, in order to invest the effectiveness and safety and make a pilot clinic treatment exploration. Methods and materials The study was divided two ports: animal experiment and clinical study.

这种治疗方法的可行性和疗效评价，在激光诱导脉络膜视网膜静脉吻合术治疗非缺血型CRVO病人中得到证实；而对缺血型CRVO，由于病情严重，晚期新生血管并发症产生的危险性高，或者已有产生，因此最近开展的用玻璃体切除联合手术吻合脉络膜视网膜静脉的外科治疗作为最新的探索性治疗方法，在国外已见少数病例报告，但是尚需要进一步的研究观察来评价其可行性、安全性和疗效。

In our study, the approach of the chorioretinal venous anatomosis in the model eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion, are induced by different surgical anastomosis procedures, in order to invest the effectiveness and safety and make a pilot clinic treatment exploration.

对照组：用眼内电凝方法建立兔眼的视网膜分枝静脉阻塞模型：单纯穿刺吻合组：在建模完成后，用200针直接穿刺切开距阻塞点以远2/3一IPD的淤滞状态静脉管壁和其下方的视网膜和Bruch's膜；吻合联合不吸收材料植入组：在同Ta组选定的吻合部位，用MVR刀切开视网膜和Bruch's膜和静脉管壁，在视网膜切口植入一小段7一0 prolene不吸收缝线。

In the long-period toxicity test, DCG was administered repeatedly for 60 days, the dose were 72.6,36.3,18.2 g/kg respectively(It refered to the dose of material,which amounted to 52.6,26.3,13.2 times of 50 kg human clinic use). There is no other abnormal changes about color patem,action,urine and stool,but cibation, hydroposia, body weight and index part of hematological and hematobiochemical parameters,coefficient and histomorphological figure of organs were examined during administration phase.The rats were examined in 21 days after the cessation of DCG, the abnormal changes of index was completely recovered.

定喘颗粒大鼠给药60 d的毒性试验，剂量分别为72.6，36.3，18.2 g/kg（相当于临床50 kg人用量的52.6，26.3和13.2倍），给药期间各组大鼠毛色、活动、二便均无异常变化，但给药组大鼠摄食、饮水、体重以及部分血液学、血液生化学指标和脏器系数有异常变化，停药后，上述异常变化指标均已恢复正常。

Objective To describe the technique of treatment for cicatricial ectropion and investigate the special blood supply of SMAS, to summerize the design and clinic application of the random flaps with SMAS. Methods From September 2005 to September 2008, there were 24 eyes of 24 patients with cicatricial ectropion.

目的：探讨应用各种含SMAS随意型皮瓣治疗瘢痕性睑外翻的方法，总结临床上修复瘢痕性睑外翻SMAS瓣的设计和应用。

He paid $5,000 for this cupcake.

他我这个纸杯蛋糕花了5000美元。

I mean, if you want to, that is

我的意思是，如果你们想吃的话。