查询词典 climate

He proved that the left ward turning of Yangtze river diluted water is mainly resulted from the interaction between the bottom declining and the lag of the transversal pressure gradient, made the numerical simulation and preliminary study on the thermohaline staircase structure formation mechanism, improved American Academician Wunsch's inverse method of ocean circulation, jointed the discover of " Mindanao Under Current", which is the first ocean current found and named by Chinese scientists and widely accepted over the world, simulated the horizontal and vertical carbon fluxes in East China Sea by a simple ecosystem model, estimated the photosynthesis efficiency less than 8% in Jiaozhou Bay, applied statistical downscaling technology to Chinese coast and Japanese islands realizing the simulation and forecast of sea level low frequency variations, pointed out that the quasi-periodicity of El Nino events should be resulted from the interaction between the 3~4 year oscillation in tropical Pacific and decadal oscillation in the northern Pacific of middle latitudes of the air-sea coupled climate system and at decadal time scale the precipitation influence on sea level variation along Chinese coast and Japanese islands becomes more important, which is closely related to the decadal oscillation of air-sea coupled climate system, therefore precipitation most likely play a major role for the decadal oscillation formation;; proposed Extended Associate Pattern Analysis to analyse combined observed datasets of sea surface temperature and sea level pressure or geopotential hight at 1000 hPa (GH1000) over the Pacific and related seas.

论证了长江冲淡水向左转向主要由于底形下倾与横向压力梯度滞后相互作用的结果。对温盐阶梯结构的形成过程及物理机制进行了数值模拟与初步探讨。改进了美国科学院院士Wunsch的大洋环流反演法。与胡敦欣院士共同发现了"棉兰老潜流"，这是第一支由中国科学家发现、命名并得到普遍承认的洋流。借助较为简单的生态模式数值模拟了东海的水平与垂直碳通量；胶州湾浮游植物的屏蔽效应可以使底层海水温度在升温季节降低2度，由此推算出其光合作用的效率应小于8%；浮游植物春季水华的生物过程实际上强化了海水层化的物理过程。将统计学降尺度技术应用于日本列岛和我国沿海，实现了海平面长周期变化的模拟与预报。

A positive correlation was found between the solar activity and NO3- concentration in recent 1500 years. A long-standing issue of the nature of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum was solved. An about 36a cycle was found in the solar activity. Low solar activity and weak geomagnetic field were responsible for the 36Cl peak at about 37ka BP. Climate change recorded in this ice core lagged insolation about 4ka during the last glacial maximum, about 1ka during the last deglaciation, and nearly 0ka during the Holocene.δ18O record also suggests that the variation in temperature on the Tibetan Plateau had some similar features to that in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres during the last deglaciation to some extent, which indicate that the tropics maybe play an important role on global climate change.

揭示出近1500a来古里雅冰芯中NO3-浓度变化可以反映太阳活动的强弱变化；回答了长期争议的并直接关系到太阳发电机理论是否正确的Maunder极小期太阳活动特征问题；发现太阳活动可能存在36a左右的周期；证实了37kaBP左右古里雅冰芯记录中宇宙成因同位素36Cl含量峰值的存在，指出这一时期的宇宙成因同位素峰值事件具有全球性，弱的太阳活动和弱的地磁场是这一事件发生的原因所在；揭示出古里雅冰芯记录到的"8.2ka BP事件"，认为这一全球性事件发生的主要原因与弱的热盐环流和弱的太阳活动有关；发现古里雅冰芯记录的末次冰盛期和末次冰消期气候变化均在一定程度上滞后于太阳辐射变化，而全新世气候变化大致与太阳辐射变化同步；发现末次冰消期高原地区气候变化不仅具有北半球气候变化的某些特征，同时还具有南半球气候变化的某些特征，这说明热带地区可能对全球气候存在重要的影响。

CO2-Forced Climate and Vegetation Instability During Late Paleozoic Deglaciation - The covariance of atmospheric CO2 levels, surface temperatures, and global ice volume indicates that greenhouse gases controlled climate about 300 million years ago.

二氧化碳被迫在晚古生代气候和植被不稳定冰消-方差大气二氧化碳水平，表面温度、与全球冰量显示控制温室气体气候约三亿多年ago.authors：伊莎贝尔页montańez，尼尔j。

The probability density function of climate has a long tail, which can reflect the probability of extreme weather and climate.

气候距平的概率密度分布函数有较长的尾巴，较长的尾巴反映了极值气候所发生的频率。

In relationship with vegetations of Yunnan, the genera of Tropical Asia, Old world tropics and Tropical Asia to Australia distributions occur mainly in the tropical forests in southern Yunnan; the genera of Pantropical and Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa distributions occur mainly in the vegetations on dry and hot valleys; the genera of North temperate distribution occur mainly in forests on mountains with a cold and wet climate, while the genera of East Asian, East Asian and North America disjunct, and Old world temperate distributions occur mainly in the vegetations of the area with a warm climate.

在与云南植被的关系上，热带亚洲分布属、旧世界热带分布属和热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布属是云南热带森林的主要成分；全热带分布属和热带亚洲至热带非洲分布属是干热河谷植被的主要成分，北温带分布属主要出现在冷湿山地森林植被中，而东亚分布属、东亚和北美洲间断分布属及旧世界温带分布属与温凉气候地区的森林植被联系相对密切。

Climatic gradients were based on data sets from 841 meteorological stations throughout China. Definitions for floristic distributional patterns were based upon the work of Prof. Z. Y. Wu. Most of these floristic distributional patterns were strongly correlated with the geographic gradients in climate, except for cosmopolitan, cultivated and invasive genera. Tropical genera form a large fraction of the total genera (ranging from 0.84% to 94.38% in the regional floras) with the highest proportion in southern Yunnan and Hainan Island. Tropical genera occur predominantly in southern China of 0° N latitude and decreased with increasing latitude, as would be expected. Interestingly, the disjunct Tropical Asia and Tropical America distribution were not restricted to southern latitudes. Temperate genera account for 5.1% to 98.83% of the total genera in regional floras with the highest proportion in the province of Xinjiang. Most of these genera followed geographic gradients in climate as expected (temperate genera conspicuously dominate the landscape at higher latitudes), except the East Asian and North American disjunct distribution, Eastern Asian distribution and Chinese endemic distribution. Generally, most plant genera demonstrated some correlation with climatic and geographic gradients. The most important gradients were those of annual air temperature and precipitation. A small fraction did not demonstrate significantly particular pattern:"Cosmopolitan","East Asian and North American disjunct","Eastern Asian" and "Chinese endemic" distributions. The North Temperate distribution had the highest correlation with mean annual air temperature and precipitation.

结果如下：(1)除世界分布、栽培和入侵成分外，大部分中国种子植物属的地理成分的分布与地理相关密切；(2)热带分布属（泛热带分布、热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布、旧世界热带分布、热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布、热带亚洲至热带非洲分布及热带亚洲分布合计）占各地方植物区系的0.84%到94.38%，其最低值出现在中国西北部的新疆和青海地区，最高值出现在中国云南南部和海南；(3)热带分布属在＜北纬30°的地区占优势，除热带亚洲至热带美洲间断分布外，其它热带成分随纬度增加迅速减少；(4)温带分布属（北温带分布、东亚和北美间断分布、旧世界温带分布、温带亚洲分布、地中海区、西亚到中亚分布、中亚分布和东亚分布合计）占各地方植物区系的5.1%至98.83%，其最高值出现在中国西北部的新疆地区，最低值出现在中国云南南部和海南；(5)除东亚和北美间断分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布外，其它温带成分随纬度增加迅速增加；(6)在温带成分中，东亚和北美间断分布及东亚分布属主要出现在中国亚热带到暖温带地区，北温带分布、旧世界温带分布和温带亚洲分布属在中国北部占优势，而地中海区、西亚到中亚分布和中亚分布属则在中国西北部占优势；(7)除世界分布、东亚和北美间断分布、东亚分布和中国特有分布外，所有其他成分都显示了与气候因素密切相关，其中，北温带分布属与年均温和年降雨量最为密切相关。

Just before the climate talks in Copenhagen, the government of Papua New Guinea quietly disbanded its Office of Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability after longstanding and well-publicised accusations that it had illegally sold carbon-ownership certificates valued at AU$100 million (616 million yuan) to an Australian company and egregiously neglected to consult with forest communities the clear legal owners of the forests of the country.

就在哥本哈根气候谈判开始前，巴布亚新几内亚政府悄悄地解散了它的气候变化和环境可持续性办公室，此前关于它非法把价值1亿澳元（6.16亿人民币）的碳配额卖给一家澳大利亚公司（而且丝毫没有经过与森林的法定所有者--当地森林居民协商）的指控已经存在很长时间，且广为人知。

"The United States is serious about confronting climate change," he said, adding renewable energy technologies "are an integral part of dealing with climate change."

布什总统说："美国认真、积极地应对气候变化。"他说，可再生能源技术是"解决气候变化问题不可分割的组成部分"。

Climate constitute the basic conditions of human existence, climate differences to create a rich and varied natural environment.

气候变化是人类生存的基本条件，气候的差异，创造了丰富多彩的自然环境。

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and other scientific assessments of climate change, which involve thousands of scientists producing massive and comprehensive reports, have, quite expectedly and normally, made some mistakes.

联合国政府间气候变化委员会和对气候变化的其他科学评估，有数千名科学家参与，产生了大量和全面的报告，也产生了一些错误，这是不出意料和很正常的。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷