查询词典 climate change

Abrupt climate change is one of most important manifestation of climate change, is a integrative science of physics and climatology.

气候突变是气候变化的重要表现形式之一，是一个典型的物理学与气候学的交叉性科学研究课题，是非线性科学研究的重要领域。

A positive correlation was found between the solar activity and NO3- concentration in recent 1500 years. A long-standing issue of the nature of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum was solved. An about 36a cycle was found in the solar activity. Low solar activity and weak geomagnetic field were responsible for the 36Cl peak at about 37ka BP. Climate change recorded in this ice core lagged insolation about 4ka during the last glacial maximum, about 1ka during the last deglaciation, and nearly 0ka during the Holocene.δ18O record also suggests that the variation in temperature on the Tibetan Plateau had some similar features to that in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres during the last deglaciation to some extent, which indicate that the tropics maybe play an important role on global climate change.

揭示出近1500a来古里雅冰芯中NO3-浓度变化可以反映太阳活动的强弱变化；回答了长期争议的并直接关系到太阳发电机理论是否正确的Maunder极小期太阳活动特征问题；发现太阳活动可能存在36a左右的周期；证实了37kaBP左右古里雅冰芯记录中宇宙成因同位素36Cl含量峰值的存在，指出这一时期的宇宙成因同位素峰值事件具有全球性，弱的太阳活动和弱的地磁场是这一事件发生的原因所在；揭示出古里雅冰芯记录到的"8.2ka BP事件"，认为这一全球性事件发生的主要原因与弱的热盐环流和弱的太阳活动有关；发现古里雅冰芯记录的末次冰盛期和末次冰消期气候变化均在一定程度上滞后于太阳辐射变化，而全新世气候变化大致与太阳辐射变化同步；发现末次冰消期高原地区气候变化不仅具有北半球气候变化的某些特征，同时还具有南半球气候变化的某些特征，这说明热带地区可能对全球气候存在重要的影响。

The study has shown:(1) With increasing sediment depth and the woody giblets, the total organic carbon, the extraction of benzene , the total humic acids and the unhydrolyte are enhanced, while the hydrolyte is decreasing.(2) According to the GC-MS analysis, n-alkane,n-alkan-2-ones and n-alkanones are composed mainly of long-chains,such a result is thought to be characteristic of a herbaceous input from 2300a.B.P. n-alkanones exist in the samples may be considered as the evidence of microorganisms activity.(3) It is showed that the lipids is more sensitive to the climate change than the floristic. The proxy of the pollen spore of the peat stratum is different from the normal environment proxy. It is one of the main reasons that the sensitivity difference of the bog vegetation reacting to the climate isn't accordant with the log of the fat molecule fossil and biology fossil.(4) The transformation of the peat organic carbon is under the influence of temperature,acidity,organic material constituting, etc, and it showed the up-trend with the depth. In the short-term scale, the conversion of the peat organic carbon is effected by seasonal water,regional climate and vegetations; while in the long-term scale, it is controlled mainly by the climate.(5) According to the comparing the orderliness of organic compound,vegetation giblets with the depth to the characteristics of the peat molecule fossil with the section, in the development of this peatmire, 1500a B.P（210cm）is regard as the borderline of the late Holocene, the keynote of the front period is warm with several cold fluctuations, and the trend of the back period is dry and cold although there were several fluctuations.

研究表明：（1）随深度的增高及植物残体中木本残体的增多，总有机碳、苯萃取物、总腐植酸、不被水解物含量逐渐增高，而易水解物含量减少；（2）GC- MS分析显示，正构烷烃，直链烷基2-酮和正烷醇均以长链组分为主，揭示了该泥炭柱剖面2347a.B.P的母源输入以草本植物为主；甲基酮类和短链正烷醇的存在是微生物活性很大的生物证据；（3）通过有机分子标志物与孢粉、植物残体等指标的对比研究表明：脂类化合物对气候变化的反映要比植物种灵敏得多，不同沼泽植物对气候变化的敏感性的差异是脂类分子化石记录与生物大化石结果很难一致的主要原因之一；（4）泥炭有机碳的转化受到温度、酸度、有机物质组成等很多因素的影响，短时间尺度，泥炭有机碳的转化受季节性降水、地方气候和植被等因素的影响；长时间尺度，泥炭地有机碳的转化，受气候条件控制；（5）总结泥炭分子化石特征、泥炭有机质各组分含量及植物残体组成随深度的变异规律，分析结果显示该泥炭地层形成过程中，1500a B.P（210cm）可作为划分前后晚全新世的界线，前期的基调是气候偏暖，但又有几次偏干冷气候的反复，后期气候以干冷为主，其间虽有几次上升波动，但整体趋势不变。

Our aim was to kick-start a social movement to tackle climate change.

我们的目标是启动社会运动，以应对气候change。

Based on the two proxies of climate change - tree-ring and stalagmite, combining them with the historical documents, the author discusses the history and effects of climate change about 200 years in Kunming, In this dissertation, the author infers the possibility of climate change for the next five years, ten years, and fifty years; Then get a Synthetic result of historical climate change.

在对树轮和石笋这两类气候变化自然代用资料研究的基础上，结合历史文献资料，分析了近200年昆明地区气候变化的历史和影响，并对昆明地区未来5年、10年和50年气候变化的可能性进行推测，形成了这三类资料支持之下，对历史气候的集成研究成果。

These simulations focused on the major factors driving Cretaceous climate changes and the critical time periods of the climate change, and tested the internal and external forcing in the earth climate system and the feedback effects among various spheres of the earth system, thus providing us an understanding of the mechanism of greenhouse climate and an important scientific basis for projection of the future climate changes.

这些古气候模拟试验锁定在气候变化的关键时段和驱动因子、测试地球内外动力和地球各圈层反馈作用，可为认识温室气候的成因、探讨气候变化内在机制和预测未来气候提供重要的科学依据。

Historical climate change do harm to the economy mainly by the abrupt change of climate and the quasi-periodic wave of climate on 101-102a scale.

历史气候变化对经济发展不良的事件主要是气候突变和气候在101-102a尺度上的准周期波动。

Based on the review of the successive four assessment reports of the IPCC WGII on climate change impacts on streamflow from 1990 to 2007, it is summarized that the First and Second Assessment Reports were regarded as the first generation studies, featuring the impacts of mean climate change on streamflow and the adaptation to it, while the Third and Forth (AR4) Assessment Reports as second generation studies, emphasizing the impacts of anthropogenically forced and natural climate changes on streamflow and the adaptation to them. The progresses and issues in the research methodologies of the impacts of climate change on hydrology and water resources are analyzed.

在回顾IPCC于1990-2007年4次关于气候变化对径流影响的评估报告进展的基础上，将第一次与第二次评估报告归纳为第一代--以气候均值变化对径流影响及其适应为主要特征；第三次与第四次评估报告为第二代--突出人为气候变化与自然气候变异对径流影响及其适应问题，分析了常规的气候变化对水文水资源影响评估方法的发展过程及存在的问题。

Water Resources Information Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, ChinaAbstract : Based on the review of the successive four assessment reports of the IPCC WGII on climate change impacts on streamflow from 1990 to 2007, it is summarized that the First and Second Assessment Reports were regarded as the first generation studies, featuring the impacts of mean climate change on streamflow and the adaptation to it, while the Third and Forth (AR4) Assessment Reports as second generation studies, emphasizing the impacts of anthropogenically forced and natural climate changes on streamflow and the adaptation to them. The progresses and issues in the research methodologies of the impacts of climate change on hydrology and water resources are analyzed.

在回顾IPCC于1990—2007年4次关于气候变化对径流影响的评估报告进展的基础上，将第一次与第二次评估报告归纳为第一代——以气候均值变化对径流影响及其适应为主要特征；第三次与第四次评估报告为第二代——突出人为气候变化与自然气候变异对径流影响及其适应问题，分析了常规的气候变化对水文水资源影响评估方法的发展过程及存在的问题。

At about the same time, glaciologists pointed out that a statement concerning Himalayan glaciers in the most recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was wrong.

就在此时，冰川学家指出，政府间气候变化委员会(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change，IPCC)最近的报告中，有关喜马拉雅山冰川的一些说词是错误的。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。