查询词典 classification

The optimized classification andtracking results are determined by the viewpoint correspondence and data fusionamong the overlapping cameras.By use of the different view directions of theoverlapping cameras,object classification accuracy and tracking stabilization incomplex occlusion scenes are improved.

借助于重叠摄像机之间不同的视角方向，利用摄像机之间的视点对应和数据融合决定最优的分类与跟踪结果，提高了遮挡状态下运动目标分类的准确度和目标跟踪的稳定性。

At the early 1980s, is an effective mathematic tool to deal with the uncertain or fuzzy knowledge. Rough rule theory has been widely used in information retrieval, digital library, software engineering and knowledge discovery. Its main idea includes acquisition of rough decision rules by reduction of data under the condition of keeping an invariability of classification capacity. And it basically represents a concept by a pair of approximation sets according to the partition on the given data based on the indiscernibility relation. Rough sets theory is well suited to deal with inconsistency of the rough approximations. So it is a new mathematical tool dealing with vagueness and uncertainty, and has found its applications in many areas such as AI, KDD, pattern recognition and classification and fault diagnosis.

主要完成了以下几个方面的工作：(1)对于高速移动机器人车道线跟踪问题中的规则知识获取，首先阐述了模糊逻辑系统的基本特点、工作原理和基本作法，分析了模糊规则知识获取过于依赖专家经验知识、对于每一个细节几乎都需要人工主观经验的参与、难以处理大数据集样本等方面的不足，进而阐述了粗糙集合理论的基本特点、基于粗糙集合理论的规则获取的关键技术和工作原理，为后续章节中经典粗糙集合模型的扩展及粗糙决策规则集的性能分析做好基础；(2)在经典粗糙集理论及其一般扩展的可变精度粗糙集VPRS的基础上，提出了非均匀可变精度粗糙集模型k-VPRS。

Through the study of the style of knowledge description, the paper elaborates the numerical model knowledge, the symbolic experience knowledge and the instantial swatch knowledge. These three kinds of different knowledge have been used in loans risk classification in the paper. Just as the using of the Object Oriented technique and the AI (include ES, ANN, and the integrated of ANN and ES) technique, can the paper realize the five-grade loans risk classification.

本文通过对知识描述形式的研究，表述了经验符号性知识、模型化数量性知识和实例样本性知识三种类型，通过对其行为特征及转换、集成的研究，将这三种异构知识引入贷款风险分类分析；采用面向对象技术和人工智能的ES、ANN两种形式及其结合，实现了贷款风险五级分类。

In this experimental system, the main feature is that user can do some basal operation expediently using graphical interfaces, namely loading the existent data sets or creating new data sets, and choosing different kernel function to train the SVM classification, which can classify the given data correctly, it shows the result of classification and comparison of performance intuitionally.

在该实验系统中，最大的特点是用户可以通过图形界面方便地进行一些基本的操作，即装载已有的数据集，也可以创建新的数据集，并选择不同的核函数训练支持向量机分类器，能够对数据进行正确的分类，比较直观地显示了分类的结果。

Band differencing is feasible in water and irrigable field, but it couldnt monitor the changes of whole land use and its precision is the lowest. For the mufti-temporal composite method, it is difficult to choose the exact regions for change detection. Based on the previous accurate classification result, the post classification comparison method gets the best result compared with the other two methods, but also with the hand-on mistakes.

图像差值法对河流水面和水浇地的监测效果比较好，但对所有地类监测结果不令人满意，精度较低；多时相波段复合分类法中，变化土地类型训练区的确定较困难；分类后比较法是在前面土地信息准确提取的基础上进行的分析，精度较高，监测结果图也一目了然，是土地利用动态监测的一种有效方法，但它是在自动识别分类基础上进行的比较，传递了分类产生的误差。

This study was analyzed landscape classification in Kashi River by the classification method of landscape ecology and remote sensing.

通过景观生态学的分类方法，结合遥感，对喀什河上的景观进行分类分析，结果表明，喀什河全流域山地景观的优势度显著大于绿洲景观的优势度。

In the conventional Linnaean classification of life, mammals, birds and reptiles are given equivalent rank.explain why this is inappropriate in a genuine evolutionary classification

一般哺乳动物，鸟和爬行在普通分类中处于相同的等级。解释这为什么在真正的进化学分类中是不准确的。

Following its accession to the World Intellectual Property Organization in 1980, China joined in succession more than ten international conventions, treaties, agreements and protocols, such as the "Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property,""Patent Cooperation Treaty,""Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for thePurposes of Patent Procedure,""Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs,""Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks,""Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purpose of the Registration of Marks,""Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks,""Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,""International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,""Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works,""Universal Copyright Convention," and "Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication."

自1980年加入世界知识产权组织后，中国相继加入《保护工业产权巴黎公约》、《专利合作条约》、《国际承认用于专利程序的微生物菌种保藏布达佩斯条约》、《工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定》、《商标国际注册马德里协定》、《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类尼斯协定》、《商标国际注册马德里协定有关议定书》、《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》、《国际植物新品种保护公约》、《保护文学和艺术作品伯尔尼公约》、《世界版权公约》和《保护录音制品制作者防止未经许可复制其录音制品公约》等10多个国际公约、条约、协定或议定书。

Following its accession to the World Intellectual Property Organization in 1980, China joined in succession more than ten international conventions, treaties, agreements and protocols, such as the "Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property,""Patent Cooperation Treaty,""Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure,""Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs,""Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks,""Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purpose of the Registration of Marks,""Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks,""Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,""International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,""Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works,""Universal Copyright Convention," and Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication.

自1980年加入世界知识产权组织后，中国相继加入《保护工业产权巴黎公约》、《专利合作条约》、《国际承认用于专利程序的微生物菌种保藏布达佩斯条约》、《工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定》、《商标国际注册马德里协定》、《商标注册用商品和服务国际分类尼斯协定》、《商标国际注册马德里协定有关议定书》、《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》、《国际植物新品种保护公约》、《保护文学和艺术作品伯尔尼公约》、《世界版权公约》和《保护录音制品制作者防止未经许可复制其录音制品公约》等10多个国际公约、条约、协定或议定书。

Furthermore, out of 497 fAFLP markers, 80 special bands were found to be able to distinguish the four groups from each other and may be applied for germplasm characterization and molecular assistant classification of Meretrix clam.4 Molecular classification of two species of Meretrix clam based on fAFLP and ITS sequences4.1 The results of fAFLP maker analysis of S, G and W showed that each group had their own specific loci among which there were 53 special loci in W group, much more than those of S group (14) and G group (21). Among the 53 loci, nine were all dominant loci. These unique loci could be taken as molecular markers to distinguish W from other groups. The genetic similarity indexes and distance matrix between S and G groups were 0.9585 and 0.0424 respectively, but the genetic similarity indexes and distance matrix between W group and S or G group was 0.7939 or 0.7941, and 0.2308 or 0.2305 respectively. The results revealed that significant difference existed between W and S or G groups in molecular genetic structure. The phylogenetic trees by the methods of UPGMA and NJ also indicated that S and G populations were very closely related, while W population was a relatively independent cluster, lying beyond the species which S and G belong to.4.2 The internal transcribed spacer region of the rDNA from S group, G group and W group were PCR amplified and sequenced. The results showed that the size of ITS ranged between 1266-1269bp in W group, while those in G and S groups were 1614bp and 1520bp respectively. The GC content ranged 62.32-62.62% in W group while it was 61.77% in G group. The genetic distances between three populations of W group were 0.001～0.003, but it was 0.110 or 0.147 respectively between W group and G group or S group. Phylogenetic trees by NJ method also showed that G group was very closely related to S group, while W group was a relatively independent cluster.

在457个总扩增位点中找出了53个W的特有位点，远多于S群体(14)和G(21)群体，而且在53个特有位点中有9个出现频率为100%的位点，这些位点可以作为区分其它2个群体的特征性标记；S– G群体特有的位点有112个，其中有4个位点出现频率为100%，可作为S– G群体区别于W群体的特征性标记。S群体和G群体间的遗传相似性系数为0.9585，遗传距离只有0.0424，在NJ和UPGMA法构建的亲缘关系的树状图上均首先聚在一起，说明二者的亲缘关系很近，应属于种内群体间的关系；而W与S和G的遗传相似性系数均较小(0.7939和0.7941)，相对遗传距离很大而且十分相近(0.2308和0.2305)，在亲缘关系树状图上单独分出一支，也表明W与S和G群体间的亲缘关系较远。4.2 ITS序列比较分析通过对白壳文蛤、山东文蛤和广西文蛤的ITS序列扩增电泳、PCR-RFLP分析和ITS序列分析发现，W的ITS序列长度在1266-1269 bp，而S和与G的ITS序列总长度分别为1520 bp和1614 bp；从ITS1和ITS2长度来看，W分别为739-741 bp和316-317 bp，S为895 bp和414 bp，G为987 bp和416 bp；而从ITS碱基组成来看，W的GC含量在62.32-62.62%之间，而G群体为61.77%。W的3个壳色不同群体间的遗传距离仅0.001、0.002和0.003，S与G群体间的遗传距离是0.010，说明W群体内变异很小，而S与G群体间已出现明显的遗传分化，但还均属于种内群体间的遗传变异；而W与G和S的遗传距离分别达到0.110、0.147，两个类群差异显著，已远超出种内群体间的遗传变异。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。