查询词典 clade

All of the taxa have SC are belong to PT clade or AD clade in Pteridaceae, including Actiniopteris, Onychium, Pityrogramma, Pteris, Adiantum, and vittarioids.

重建特徵演化树的结果则显示凤尾蕨支与铁线蕨支之矽异形细胞应为不同起源，其中凤尾蕨支内的矽异形细胞亦可能为多次起源。

The results showed that the dinoflagellate genus Symbiodinium clade C was dominant in the study area. Pocillopora damicornis and Favia favus harbor Symbiodinium Clade D, while Galaxeafascicularis and Acropora horrida can harbor more than one type of symbiont.

结果表明鹿回头岸礁造礁石珊瑚共生藻以C系群为优势系群，偶尔发现D系群与鹿角杯形珊瑚和黄癣蜂巢珊瑚共生；另外丑鹿角珊瑚和丛生盔形珊瑚可以同时与C系群和D系群共生。

The results of character evolution history reconstruction shows the SC in PT and AD clade might be a homoplasy character; also, the SC in PT clade might have multiple origins. SC in Pteridaceae has some special characteristics:(1) the cell long axes usually run parallel to the lateral veins;(2) Most of Pteris and Adianum species have VSC only in lower epidermis;(3) Species have ISC also have VSC.(4) Presence of spicular cells is highly correlated with the long veinal epidermal cells. Species have type III silica deposition type usually have longer and narrower veinal epidermal cell compared with ordinary epidermal cells; Species have type IV silica deposition type also have long epidermal cells, but not significantly different from ordinary epidermal cells.

本实验中亦发现凤尾蕨科之矽异形细胞具有几项特色：(1)矽异形细胞之长轴多与叶片侧脉方向平行(2)发现多数铁线蕨属以及凤尾蕨属植物仅下表皮具有脉上矽异形细胞；(3)具有脉间矽异形细胞的种类会同时具有脉上矽异形细胞；(4)长条形的侧脉上表皮细胞与矽异形细胞具有相关性，仅具脉上矽异形细胞的分类群之脉上表皮细胞均较一般表皮细胞细长；具有脉间矽异形细胞之物种之脉上表皮细胞亦为长条形但形态与一般表皮细胞常无明显形态差异。

The results show that both of relative rate and synonymous and non-synonymous coden substitution in eudicot clade are significantly higher than those in monocot clade, and the value of dN/ds uncovered possible positive selective pressure in eudicot clade.

结果表明：真双子叶植物分支中SQUA类基因的相对速率和同义与非同义置换位点均显著高于单子叶植物分支；同时，dN／dS值表明真双子叶植物分支中可能存在正选择压力。

A Giant European Dinosaur and a New Sauropod Clade - A giant sauropod, representing a new clade of dinosaurs, inhabited Europe in the Late Jurassic and appears to be more primitive than New World giant sauropods.

欧洲巨人、新蜥脚类恐龙分支--巨人蜥脚类，较新的分支恐龙、居住在欧洲的晚侏罗世，似乎是比较原始的新世界巨人sauropods.authors：许仕royo-托雷斯阿尔贝托cobos，路易斯阿尔卡拉

Tricholoma may be a paraphyletic genus two. The collections identified as T. caligatum is a mixture. Some parts of them from France are members of T. matsutake, the other parts from North America are closed to T. bakamatsutake and T. fulvocastaneum. Tricholoma robustum and T. focale form a clade which is obviously a sister group of the stirp Subannulate. The stirp Caligata was defined as a group mainly on the basis of the predominant veil. But from the result of molecular systematic analysis, the presence of veil is not a stable character in the matsutake group. Species having symbiosis with conifers and broad leaf tree are all transformed from those whose host specificity is not strict. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences resembled the tree of NJ algorithm based on cladistic coding. In the phylogenetic tree based on morphylogical characters, T. zangii and T. bakamatsutake form a clade, but it is the result of convergent evolution as suggested by molecular analyses. The distribution area of the matsutake group can be divided into six regions: middle and northern Europe region, Mediterranean region, Hengduan Mount.— Southeastern Tibet region, Northeastern China—Japan—Far-east Russia region, the Atlantic—North America region and the Rocky Mountain region. The abundance center of the matsutake group are Hengduan Mount.—Southeastern Tibet region and the Rocky Mountain region. Hengduan Mount.

松口蘑群的分子系统学研究得出的结果有：由于粗壮口蘑和羽衣口蘑明显和亚环族(Tricholoma，section subannulate)的种类是来自同一个谱系，和其它松口蘑群的种不具有最近共同祖先，因此松口蘑群是一个多系群；松口蘑群和口蘑属其他种类的亲缘关系比和蜜环菌属更接近；梭柄松苞菇和松口蘑群的差距明显小于油黄口蘑(T.flavovirens)和棕灰口蘑；口蘑属是一个多系群；鉴定为欧洲口蘑的标本明显不是一个单系群，其中一部分是松口蘑，另一部分和黄褐口蘑及傻松口蘑(T.bakamatsutake)比较接近；划分松口蘑群的标准是菌环的存在，但从分子系统学的结果来看，菌环的存在与否并非是一个很稳定的性状；和针叶树专性共生及和阔叶树专性共生均由寄主专化性不强的种类转化而来；在形态学系统发育树上青冈口蘑和傻松口蘑被聚为一个分枝，分子系统学的研究结果表明，这是趋同进化的结果；用支序方法编码作出的NJ树的结果更接近ITS序列的结果。

The single fission yeast Argonaute and all plant family members belong to the Ago clade, whereas ciliates and slime molds contain members of the Piwi clade.

单裂殖酵母和所有植物的Argonaute蛋白属于Ago蛋白，而纤毛虫和黏菌含有Piwi蛋白的成员。

Clade Ⅰ consists of the species of Pyrgomorphidae and Chrotogonidae, Clade Ⅱ consists of the species of Pneumoridae, Clade Ⅲ consist of species of Pamphagidae and Clade Ⅳ contains species of Catantopidae, Oedipodidae, Arcypteridae, Gomphoceridae and Acrididae.

三、在对斑翅蝗科系统发育的研究中，我们共测定了斑翅蝗科4亚科15种蝗虫的16S rDNA序列片段，并从GenBank中下载了斑翅蝗科6种、其它蝗科9种的16S rDNA相应序列片段，然后对这共计30种蝗总科昆虫的16S rDNA序列片段进行了同

Because divergence timing of the West Clade from the East Clade of S. japonica complex was estimated to be Aquitanian of Miocene (23 Ma), during which the mountains and plateau of Southwest China were formatted, the divergence of the West Clade from the East Clade of s. japonica complex was presumably correlated closely with the uplifting of mountains and plateau of Southwest China. The multiple variations of the West Clade of S.

西部集群居群间具有更大的遗传分化值和更大的遗传分化值变动范围，提示西部物理环境的复杂性导致更多的小区域隔离，小的基因流和更大的绝对成种速率，这与西部的物理环境的复杂性是相协调的，并且可能是造成西部山地高原地区生物多样性异常丰富的微观过程和机制。

Smilax, there are the phylogenetic relationships and distributive pattern to be found based on the combined ITS and maiK. tree: 1 a clade with the African species (S. kraussiana) and Australian species (S. australis), being a sister group; 2 a clade with the S. zeylanica of sect. Macranthae and S. bona-nox of sect. China, the former from Southeast Asia and latter native to US, showing they are a sister species which is disjunctive between Asia-North America, similar to the species pair of S. hispida and S. sieboldii; 3 S. perfoliata from Indonesia being sister to S. ocreata of China and S. megacarpa of Indonesia, which are very similar to each other in morphology; 4 the three species from China (S. lanceifolia, S. perfoliata and S. chapaensis) and S.ovalifolia from Indonesia showing a 87-92% bts monophyletic clade; 5 S.bracteata from China and two species of Indonesia (S. leucophylla and S. sp.) forming a clade in the ITS tree; 6 S.

通过比较研究圆锥花序组和穗菝葜组的地理分布，基于ITS及matK联合数据构建的系统树发现下列明显的具系统发育关系的类群及地理分布模式：1来自非洲的S.kraussiana和来自澳大利亚的S.australis是一对姐妹群，具有共同的祖先；2圆锥花序组的S.zeylanica和菝葜组的S.bona-nox形成一个紧密的分支，前者分布于东亚而后者只局限于美国，显示了一种类似于S.sieboldii和S.hispida那样的东亚—北美间断分布模式；3印度尼西亚的S.perfoliata是分布于中国的S.ocreata和来自印尼S.megacarpa的姐妹群，这三者在形态上也非常接近，表明具有共同祖先；4来自中国的三个种(S.lanceifolia，S.perfoliata and S.chapanensis)和来自印尼的S.ovalifolia形成了一个高支持率的单系分支(87-92％bts)；5基于ITS的系统树，来自中国的S.bracteata和来自印度尼西亚的两个种S.leucophylla and S.sp。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐