查询词典 circulation

We observed the circulation of blood in frogs.

我们观察了青蛙的血液循环。

The evolution of frontal rainbands happening during the frontogenesis induced by deformation field is investigated through the numerical cloud model. Besides, in order to get insight from the results of numerical simulations, the semigeostrophic frontogenesis model is used to investigate the effect of diabatic heating on the frontogenesis and the analytical method of WKBJ is used to study the influence of large-scale deformation field and frontal circulation on the development of symmetric disturbance happened in the frontal zone.

为了加深对数值模拟结果的理解，还利用半地转模式对非绝热加热影响锋生的过程进行了讨论，通过WKBJ方法讨论了变形场锋生条件下对称扰动的发展，从中可以了解大尺度变形场和锋生环流对中尺度扰动的作用，这方面的工作可以对前面非静力数值模拟结果的理解提供帮助。

This indicates that the importance of surface friction on the structure of front in boundary layer. Probably this is the first time that the structure similar to the gravity current is obtained in deformation frontogenesis model. On the problem of moist physical processes on the frontal rainbands, by using the explicit cloud physical scheme in cloud model the interactions of cloud scale processes with the frontogenetical circulation are studied emphatically.

在湿物理过程对锋面的影响以及锋面雨带产生问题上，利用云模式的显式云物理方案处理湿物理过程，在考虑到大尺度气流影响的情况下，着重研究中尺度和云尺度过程与锋生环流的相互作用，讨论了变形场锋生条件下锋面雨带的发生发展规律。

The development mechanisms of backflow precipitation are analyzed with the reasonable simulation results. The results show that dynamical frontogenesis plays a very important role in the development of backflow snowstorm. The frontogenetical secondary circulation directly causes the snowstorm.

在回流暴雪形成与发展的过程中，动力锋生机制发挥了重要作用；其产生的锋面次级环流是造成这次暴雪的主要原因；降水过程中，雨雪相态的转变与温度廊线有直接关系，随着降水由雨转为雪，雪水混合比增大迅速且其高度有所降低。

As the application of the intermediate models is concerned, the works applying the intermediate models to investigate the topographic boundary layer, frontogenesis and low-level frontal structures, and the boundary layer jet are summarized in this article. It is mainly focused on the dynamic characteristics of the Ekman layer and its effect on the low-level structure and circulation of the weather systems illustrated by the models. It is shown that the intermediate boundary-layer models have great potential in illustrating the low level structures of the weather and climate systems as they are coupled with the free atmospheric models.

对于这些Ekman边界层近似理论模型的进一步应用问题，主要回顾和总结了利用上述模型探讨地形边界层结构、大气锋生过程、低层锋面结构和环流以及边界层日变化、低空急流形成等动力学问题的研究，并对这些研究所揭示的Ekman层动力学特征及其对自由大气低层运动的影响进行了分析，结果表明，这些Ekman边界层近似模型可以较好地揭示大气边界层动力学特征，在大气边界层动力学及其与自由大气相互作用的研究上具有重要价值。

The frontogenesis process involves in the interactions among the systems of multiple scales. Since the hardness of the nonlinear problem, it is difficult to study frontogenesis analytically. The introduction of the effects of orography, friction and diabatic processes generally makes impossible the analytical resolution of the problem and leads to the use of numerical models. Primitive equations are numerical integrated together with a detailed description of physical processes. The circulation obtained is then used to diagnose and test theoretical mechanisms. It should be noted, however, that a fully description of frontogenesis in explicitly resolving the of large-, meso- and micro-scale flow in the same framework is not yet possible because of the excessive computer capacity and the time required. In order to deal with the problem, the action of large-scale background has been simplified and taken into consideration through the addition of the forcing into the nonhydrostatic cloud model.

大气锋生是一种多尺度相互作用的过程，理论研究遇到非线性的困难，在考虑地形、摩擦、非绝热等物理过程之后，解析研究更加棘手，通过数值模拟搞清其中的物理机制是重要的研究手段，但是把大、中、小尺度甚至微尺度的系统及其相互作用过程在一个模式里同时模拟好仍然受计算机速度和容量的限制，本论文在非静力云模式中通过强迫方式加入大尺度变形场的作用，在考虑到大尺度背景作用的同时，可以充分利用云模式所提供的丰富物理过程、非静力和高分辨率特点，开展一些过去较难进行的研究工作。

This doctoral dissertation is composed of several parts: At beginning, the frontal structure, the effects of diabatic heating and orography, the dynamics of frontal circulation and the mesoscale systems associated with front are reviewed. Several problems based on the review are brought forward. First, at present, the semigeostrophic frontogenesis theory is the most appropriate basic framework for the general explanation of the frontogenetic process. However, the comparison between semigeostrophic theory and the observation have revealed some inconsistencies. The newly observational facts increase the inconsistencies.

本博士论文主要由如下几部分组成，首先对锋面结构、地形和非绝热加热对锋的影响、锋生环流及锋面附近中尺度系统动力学问题的历史与现状进行了综述，在此基础上提出需要进行研究的若干问题：(1)、半地转锋生理论直到今天仍是解释锋生过程的最合适的理论框架，但是通过与观测事实比较，人们发现半地转理论不能对许多锋面观测特征给出令人满意的回答，新的观测事实使问题更加突出，这就向人们提出：是什么原因导致半地转理论与实际观测的不符？

Health reasons apart from frostbite in cold, there is a significant factor, and blood circulation is closely related.

生冻疮的原因除了天气冷的因素外，还有一个重要因素，就是和血液循环有密切的关系。

The goods must be packed to provide airspace for circulation of the methyl bromide below, above and along the sides of goods being fumigated.

货物必须包装和堆放好，提供一定的空间，以使溴甲烷能在货物的底部、顶部和边缘来回循环。

Local pest can also carry out fumigation operations or for use as a circulation.

也可对局部虫害进行熏蒸作业或作为环流机使用。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。